• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.115-120
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• 2012

This study sought to compare breath competence in three different utterance conditions when reading a passage aloud, making a spontaneous speech, and singing. We tested 15 normal females (ages averaging $24{\pm}4.4$) and measured breath competence through an objective, aero-mechanical instrument called PAS (Phonatory aerodynamic system, model 6600, KAY Electronics, Inc). Breathing sets of inspiration and expiration were measured by breath group number, breath group duration, and the ratio of inspiration to expiration. The results from this study led us to the following conclusion: The breath group number and the breath group duration showed no significant difference. However, the only variance that we could find was in the ratio of inspiration and expiration. In significantly different speech patterns, singing resulted in the most varied ratio of inspiration and expiration, followed by reading a text aloud, and spontaneous speech. The average frequency rates and maximum intensity levels varied with regards to varying utterance conditions. This thus shows that breath competence and phonation competence have a closely interrelated relationship.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.95-104
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• 2020

PURPOSE: A prospective study was conducted to investigate the correlation between the inspiration ability, bone mineral density, lumbar muscle strength, and muscular endurance for the national softball athletes in the national training center. METHODS: The general characteristics of study subjects, inspiration ability, bone mineral density, muscle strength, and muscular endurance data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. In addition, the Pearson product moment correlation was performed to investigate the correlation between the inspiratory capacity, bone mineral density, muscle strength, and muscular endurance. RESULTS: The inspiration, flow rates, and volume were not correlated with the bone mass and bone mineral density. Inspiration and the flow rates and volume were not correlated with the bone mass and bone mineral density. On the other hand, inspiration was correlated with the Extensor muscles (r=.464, p=.006) at an angular velocity of 60°/s and the flexors (r=.463, p=.006) and extensor muscles (r=.615, p<.001) at an angular velocity of 180°/s. The flow rate was also correlated with the extensor muscles (r=.444, p=.009) at an angular velocity of 60°/s and with flexor muscles (r=.432, p=.011) and extensor muscles (r=.589, p<.001) at an angular velocity of 180°/s. Finally, the volume was correlated at the extensor muscles at an angular velocity of 180°/s (r=.534, p=.001). CONCLUSION: The correlation between the inspiratory capacity, bone mineral density, muscle strength, and muscular endurance of softball athletes did not correlate with the bone mass and bone density. On the other hand, the lumbar muscle strength increased with increasing inspiratory capacity.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.59-66
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• 2006

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of diaphragmatic breathing on activation of lumbar paraspinal muscles of normal healthy people. Diaphragmatic breathing may affect activation of trunk muscles. The assumptions are as follows: the crural diaphragm attatches to the lumbar vertebrae from L1 to L3, the voluntary downward pressurization of the diaphragm increases intra-abdominal pressure, and this increases the stiffness of the spine. Methods : Sixty male college students ranging 19 to 34 years were screened and % maximal voluntary contraction(% MVC) of trunk muscles on the four positions of back extension exercise was compared during the pre and post of inspiration of diaphragmatic breathing. Results : 1. % MVC of right and left erector spinae had the statistically significant difference between pre and post inspiration of diaphragmatic breathing in the dynamic right arm and left leg extension position(p<0.05). 2. % MVC of right and left erector spinae had the statistically significant difference between pre and post inspiration of diaphragmatic breathing in the dynamic left arm and right leg extension position(p<0.05). 3. % MVC of right and left erector spinae had the statistically significant difference between pre and post inspiration of diaphragmatic breathing in the static lying prone extension position(p<0.05). 4. % MVC of right and left erector spinae had the statistically significant difference between pre and post inspiration of diaphragmatic breathing in the static lying on prone position(p<0.05). Conclusion : This study will be used as the purpose of data collection of lumbar paraspinal muscles on diaphragmatic breathing and be introduced as the new therapeutic intervention for management of patients with back pain.

• 한국패션뷰티학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.78-87
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• 2005

The Purposes of this article are to find Christian religion and Germany expressionism which were background of Nolde's art and analyze formation and special quality, expression mode of holy picture. If synthesize contents of these analysis, we could know that faith is giving religious inspiration continuously during his lift to Protestant experience through the Bible. Though there is some difference by time but we could foretell that he accomplished modern holy picture of new sensitivity by doing individual expression with equal Bible subject traditionally in 20th century that change unlike existent holy picture with these motive power. That is, with new trend which religious inspiration as imagination which spring up in experience that is not experience of artificial Christian religion is then expressionism various that historically, he accomplished unique holy picture to related each other with the historic event.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 1998년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.535-537
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• 1998

In this paper, we devised a pulse rate detection system to provide basic clinical index of cold-hot diagnosis of oriental medicine. The system consists of pulse signal detection, respiration signal detection, electrocardiograph detection, A/D conversion and computer system parts. We define a pulse rate by a pulse count to the respiration period inspiration pulse rate by a pulse count to the inspiration period, and expiration pulse rate by a pulse count to the expiration period. The clinical experiments for normal Person to evaluate the pulse rate detection system show the pulse/respiration ratio of 4.30${\pm}$1.03, the pulse/inspiration ratio of 1.60${\pm}$0.32, the pulse/expiration ratio of 2.37${\pm}$0.75.

• 원자력산업
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• 제20권12호통권214호
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• pp.2-8
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• 2000

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.15-21
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the influence of respiration on the segmental motion of the lumbar spine in the lying position. Methods: Twelve healthy females without a history of low back pain participated. Lumbosacral lordosis, intervertebral body angles, intervertebral body displacements, and anterior heights of the intervertebral disc of the lumbar spine were measured at inspiration, expiration and forced expiration in the supine and prone positions via fluoroscopy. Results: The results of lumbar kinematic analysis in the supine position according to respiration pattern were as follows. The L4/5 intervertebral body angle was significantly higher at forced expiration than at expiration (p<0.05). The L3/4 anterior height of the intervertebral disc was significantly higher at expiration than at forced inspiration and the L5/S1 anterior height of the intervertebral disc was significantly higher at inspiration than at forced expiration (p<0.05). There were no significant differences in the intervertebral body displacements and lumbosacral lordosis in the supine position (p>0.05). The results of lumbar kinematic analysis in the prone position according to respiration pattern were as follows. The L5/S1 anterior height of the intervertebral disc was significantly higher at inspiration than at forced expiration (p<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the intervertebral body angle, the intervertebral body displacements, and the lumbosacral lordosis (p>0.05). Conclusion: These findings suggested that respiration can affect the intervertebral body angle and anterior height of the intervertebral disc in some segments. The results from this study serve as a step in the development of guidelines for lumbar kinematic analysis for lumbar breathing training.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2009

Purpose: This study examined whether breathing exercises might increase the chest expansion and pulmonary function of stroke patients. Methods: Twenty four patients with stroke were assigned randomly into two groups: a combination of diaphragmatic resistive breathing and pursed-lip breathing exercise (CB) group (n=10) and control group (n=14). The CB group completed a 4-week program of diaphragmatic resistive breathing and pursed-lip breathing exercise. The subjects were assessed using the pre-test and post-test measurements of the chest expansion (length for resting, deep inspiration, deep expiration, deep expiration-inspiration) and pulmonary function (forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume at one second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC, peak expiratory flow (PEF), vital capacity (VC), tidal volume (TV), expiratory reserve volume (ERV), inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)). Results: A comparison of the chest expansion between the pre and post tests revealed similar rest, deep inspiration, deep expiration, and deep expiration-inspiration lengths in the CB and control groups (p>0.05). A comparison of the pulmonary function between pre and post tests, revealed significant improvements in the FVC, FEV, PEF, VC, IRV, and ERV in the CB group (p<0.05). There was a significant difference in the FVC, FEV1, PEF, VC and IRV between the 2 groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: These findings suggest that breathing exercise should help improve the pulmonary function, such as the volume and capacity. This suggests that the pulmonary functions of stroke patients might be improved further by a continued respiratory exercise program.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.109-116
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• 2019

본 연구는 정상군과 음성장애 환자군의 문단낭독 시 휴지 및 호흡단락 특성을 파악해보고자 시행되었다. 정상군 40명과 기능적 음성장애 환자군 40명을 대상으로 PAS(Phonatory Aerodynamic System) 중 Running Speech를 이용하여 '가을' 문단을 낭독하게 하였다. 이를 통해 흡기 동반 및 미동반, 어절간 및 어절내 휴지와 호흡단락을 구분하고 이에 대한 기술통계 및 집단간 통계적 유의성을 검증하였다. 그 결과 흡기를 동반한 휴지횟수는 환자군이 더 높았으나 흡기를 동반하지 않은 휴지횟수는 정상군이 더 높은 수치를 보였다. 어절경계 중 휴지가 동반된 비율은 환자군이 더 높았고 호흡단락당 음절수는 정상군이 유의하게 더 높았다. 음성장애 화자군은 성대폐쇄부전으로 인한 호흡지지가 정상군보다 부족하므로 휴지 시 흡기를 동반하는 경우나 호흡단락의 수가 더 많은 것으로 사료된다. 이는 일상대화의 자연스러움을 저해할 수 있으므로 음성장애 화자의 중재 시 휴지와 호흡단락의 빈도를 적절히 조절하는 것도 평가 및 중재에 포함해야 할 것이다.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.137-143
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• 2019

The aim of this study was analyzed the setup error of breast cancer patients in intensity modulated radiation therapy(IMRT) with deep inspiration breath holding(DIBH) and was analyzed the dose distribution due to setup error. A total of 45 breast cancer cases were performed a retrospective clinical analysis of setup error. In addition, the re-treatment planning was carried by shifting the setup error from the isocenter at the treatment. Based on this, the dose distribution of PTV and OARs was compared and analyzed. The 3D error for small breast group and medium breast group and large breast group were 3.1 mm and 3.7 mm and 4.1 mm, respectively. The difference between the groups was statistically significant(P=0.003). DVH results showed HI, CI for the PTV difference between standard treatment plan and re-treatment plan of 14.4%, 4%. The difference in $D_5$ and $V_{20}$ of the ipsilateral lung was 5.6%, 13% respectively. The difference in $D_5$ and $V_5$ of the heart of right breast cancer patients was 6.8%, 8% respectively. The difference in $D_5$, $V_{20}$ of the heart of left breast cancer patients was 7.2%, 23.5% respectively. In this study, there was a significant association between breast size and significant setup error in breast cancer patients with DIBH. In addition, it was found that the dose distribution of the PTV and OARs varied according to the setup error.