• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• 제14권12호
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• pp.6060-6065
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• 2013

Minimizing the height of the die roll is very important for maximizing the size of effective shear planes. In this study, the die roll change was investigated for the change in the amounts and clearance of the V-ring indentation. Shear analysis and experiments were conducted with the V-ring distance fixed to 2mm. Fine blanking die was applied to the die insert with different clearances. Several specimens were analyzed about the height of the die roll. As a result, the pressure of V-ring effectively inhibited the flow of materials. And the height of the die roll was lowest when the clearance between the die and punch was 1% of the material thickness.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.612-621
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• 2003

As the use of MP3 audio compression increased, the demand for the insertion of additive data about copyright or information on music contents has been groved and the related research has been progressed actively. When an additive data is inserted into MP3 bitstream, it should not to happen any distortion of music quality or the change of file size, due to the modification of MP3 bitstream structure. In our study, to make these conditions satisfied, we inserted some additive data to bitstream by modifying some bits of linbits among the quantized integer coefficients having big values. At this time, we consider the characteristics of linbits and their distributions. As a result of subjective sound quality test through MOS test, we confirmed that the quality of MOS 4.6 can be achieved at the data insertion rate of 60 bytes/sec. Using the proposed method, it is possible to effectively insert an additive data such as copyright information or information about media itself, so that various applications like audio database management can be realized.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.117-128
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• 2012

This study compares the net effect of wearing different shoulder/arm armor systems on garment impediment perception and wearer acceptability. Two independent variables in this study were armor systems and shoulder/ arm movements. There were four armor systems of control garment and arm armor systems A, B, and C as well as five types of arm/shoulder movements, (shoulder flexion, should extension, shoulder abduction, shoulder horizontal flexion, and shoulder horizontal extension). Ten male volunteers wearing size medium battle dress uniform (BDU) with recent relevant military experience participated in this study. The volunteers performed shoulder/arm movements (while wearing each armor treatments) and completed the garment impediment perception as well as wearer acceptability scales. The body areas of neck side, shoulder top, and armscye front showed the highest frequency of reported impediments. Resistance to movement and localized pressure were the most frequently mentioned types of impediment. The armor system B had the most areas of impediment, and was rated as more restrictive than the control garment and armor system A for each movement. For wearer acceptability, no significant differences were found between the control garment and armor system A for all eight items; this indicated that subjects did not perceive a difference between wearing the control garment and armor system A. There was a trend for wearer acceptability to decrease from wearing the control garment to armor systems A to C to B.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제51권5호
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• pp.525-530
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• 2013

The ascarids, Toxocara canis and Toxascaris leonina, are probably the most common gastrointestinal helminths encountered in dogs. In order to understand biological differences of 2 ascarids, we analyzed gene expression profiles of female adults of T. canis and T. leonina using CLC Genomics Workbench, and the results were compared with those of free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. A total of 2,880 and 7,949 ESTs were collected from T. leonina and T. canis, respectively. The length of ESTs ranged from 106 to 4,637 bp with an average insert size of 820 bp. Overall, our results showed that most functional gene annotations of 2 ascarids were quite similar to each other in 3 major categories, i.e., cellular component, biological process, and molecular function. Although some different transcript expression categories were found, the distance was short and it was not enough to explain their different lifestyles. However, we found distinguished transcript differences between ascarid parasites and free-living nematodes. Understanding evolutionary genetic changes might be helpful for studies of the lifestyle and evolution of parasites.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• 제19권12호
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• pp.153-160
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• 2014

The Streganography method for digital images has to insert secret data into the image without image distortion. Side match method is that size of secret data is calculated by difference of embedded pixel value and mean value of side pixels. And the secret value is embedded into the embedded pixel. Therefore, the more secret data increases, the more image distortion increases, too. In this paper, we propose the enhanced method that calculates embedded pixel value by difference of secret value and mean value of side pixels. In proposed method, more secret data is embedded and image distortion has to decreases.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.525-531
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• 2005

From a genomic library of Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC 55739, one clone, NE347, carrying a pyrH gene encoding UMP kinase, was identified. pNE347 carried a 1.88 kb EcoRI fragment and the pyrH was located in the middle of the insert. pyrH ORF was 723 bp in size and capable of encoding UMP kinase composed of 240 amino acid residues. tsf encoding an elongation factor-Ts and frr encoding a ribosomal recycling factor were present upstream and downstream of pyrH, respectively. When introduced into E. coli KUR1244, a pyrH-negative strain, pNE347 restored the ability to grow at $42^{\circ}C$, indicating that pyrH from L. reuteri synthesized functional UMP kinase in E. coli. Northern blot experiment showed that pyrH and frr were cotranscribed as a 1.4 kb single transcript. pyrH was overexpressed in E. coli by using a pET26b(+) vector, and a major 25 kDa protein band appeared on SDS-polyacrylamide gel.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.133-136
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• 2011

Cystic lesions on the jaws with expansion can invade the adjacent anatomical structure, infiltrate and expand the jaws, cause facial deformity, etc. There is great potential for pathologic fractures after cyst enucleation, and damage to the major structures like the nerve, artery. For these reasons, marsupialization and decompression are commonly used to reduce the cystic size. In 1947, Thomas first mentioned decompression that reduces the osmotic pressure in a cyst by making a hole in the cyst and insert a drain. In our cases, a large sized cystic lesion was treated with a specific device made from an orthodontic band and spinal needle. This device is easy and effective for applications and self irrigation.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.21-26
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• 2002

The primary culture of human nasal epithelial cell monolayer was performed on a Transwell. The effect of various factors on the tight junction formation was observed in order to develop an in vitro experimental system for nasal transport studies. Human nasal epithelial cells, collected from human normal inferior turbinates, were plated onto diverse inserts. After 4 days, media of the apical surface was removed for air-liquid interface (ALI) culture. Morphological characteristics was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). A polyester membrane of $0.4\;{\mu}m$ pore size was determined as the most effective insert based on the change in the transepithelial electric resistance (TEER) value as well as the $^{14}C-mannitol$ transport study. The ALI method was effective in developing the tight junction as observed in the further increase in the TEER value and reduction in the permeability coefficient $(P_{app})$ of $^{14}C-mannitol$ transport. Results of the transport study of a model drug, budesonide, showed that the primary culture system developed in this study could be further developed and applied for in vitro nasal transport studies.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• 제18C권4호
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• pp.199-206
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• 2011

Removable Storage provides the excellent portability with light weight and small size which fits in one's hand, many users have recently turned attention to the high-capacity products. However, due to the easy of portability for Removable Storage, Removable Storage are frequently lost and stolen and then many problems have been occurred such as the leaking of private information to the public. The advent of remote storage services where data is stored throughout the network, has allowed an increasing number of users to access data. The main data of many users is stored together on remote storage, but this has the problem of disclosure by an unethical administrator or attacker. To solve this problem, the encryption of data stored on the server has become necessary, and a searchable encryption system is needed for efficient retrieval of encrypted data. However, the existing searchable encryption system has the problem of low efficiency of document insert/delete operations and multi-keyword search. In this paper, an efficient searchable encryption system is proposed.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.64-70
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• 2019

In this study, a compact series-fed center-fed open-stub (SFCFOS) linear array antenna for K-band applications is presented. The antenna is composed of a single-line 10-element linear array. A symmetrical Chebyshev amplitude distribution (CAD) is used to obtain a low sidelobe characteristic against a uniform amplitude distribution (UAD). The amplitude is controlled by varying the width of the microstrip patch elements, and open-ended stubs are arranged next to the last antenna element to use the energy of the radiating signal more effectively. We insert a series-fed stub between two patches and obtain a low mutual coupling for a 4.28-mm center-to-center spacing ($0.7{\lambda}$ at 21 GHz). A prototype of the antenna is fabricated and tested. The overall size of the uniform linear array is $7.04{\times}1.05{\times}0.0563{\lambda}_g^3$ and that of the Chebyshev linear array is $9.92{\times}1.48{\times}0.0793{\lambda}_g^3$. The UAD array yields a ${\mid}S_{11}{\mid}$ < -10 dB bandwidth of 1.33% (20.912-21.192 GHz) and 1.45% (20.89-21.196 GHz) for the CAD. The uniform array design gives a -23 dB return loss, and the Chebyshev array achieves a -30.68 dB return loss at the center frequency with gains of 15.3 dBi and 17 dBi, respectively. The simulated and measured results are in good agreement.