• Title/Summary/Keyword: Insecta

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First Record of the Awl Fly Genus Xylophagus (Diptera: Xylophagidae) from Korea

  • Lee, Junho;Kim, Young-Kun;Suh, Sang Jae
    • Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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    • v.38 no.1
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    • pp.34-38
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    • 2022
  • Xylophagids are a small group of dipterans with 133 known species worldwide except for in the Afrotropical region; they are composed of three subfamilies: Coenomyiinae, Rachicerinae and Xylophaginae. Their larvae are predatory and tend to be found under bark, soil or decaying wood. Hitherto, the following five species in three genera of Xylophagidae have been recorded in Korea: Anacanthaspis japonica Shiraki, Arthropeas sachalinensis Matsumura, Ar. sibirica Loew, Odontosabula czerskii (Pleske) and O. gloriosa Matsumura. In this paper, the awl fly genus Xylophagus Meigen, 1803 is reported from the Korean peninsula for the first time, based on the discovery of a newly recorded species, Xylophagus matsumurai Miyatake, 1965. Descriptions, illustrations of this previously unrecorded species and a key to the Korean species are provided herein.

The First Record of the Genus Hercostomoides (Diptera, Dolichopodidae) from Korea

  • Kim, Young-Kun;Suh, Sang Jae
    • Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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    • v.38 no.1
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    • pp.39-41
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    • 2022
  • A genus Hercostomoides Meuffels and Grootaert, 1997 is a small group of long-legged fly with only two recorded speices, H. indonesianus(Hollis, 1964) and H. bhartii Grichanov, 2017 in the world. They are mainly distributed in the eastern Oriental region and this is the first record of H. indonesianus distributed in Korea. This genus of the subfamily Sympycninae has the following characteristics: wing veins, R2+3 and M1+2, distinctly divergent at distal end in both sexes; propleuron with strong black seta and a few short pale setulae above fore coxa; hind femur without anterior preapical seta. Description and figures about firstly recorded species are provided.

배추흰나비 후뇌에 대한 전자현미경적 연구: 1. 신경세포의 종류와 그 미세구조

  • 최월봉;정진웅;안의태;이봉희;서지은
    • The Korean Journal of Zoology
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    • v.28 no.2
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    • pp.85-98
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    • 1985
  • The present study was carried out light and electron microscopic analysis of the structures of the tritocerebral neurons in butterfly (Pieris rapae Linne) from Insecta. We have summarized our morphological analyses as follows: In insecta, tritocerebrum of butterfly shows tentatively classified 6 neuronal types without any arrangement of cell layers. Type I cells with long oval or spindle shape are the largest out of 6 kinds. The nucleus contains a small amount of chromatin. In the large volume of cytoplasm there contained rich cell organelles except granular endoplasmic reticulum. Type II cells are smaller than type I neurons, but their ultrastructural features are similar to type I neuron. They have well-developed granular endoplasmic reticulum. Type III cells are spherical or triangular and smaller than type I neuron with spherical nuclei. Cell organelles are mostly prominent, esp., mitochondria, ribosomes and fine fibrils which are arranged in periphery of the cytoplasm.

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Fish Fauna of the Main Channel in the Nakdong River (낙동강 본류의 어류상)

  • Cho, Ga-Ik;Joo, Gea-Jae;Jang, Min-Ho
    • Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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    • v.34 no.3 s.95
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    • pp.223-238
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    • 2001
  • Longitudinal distribution of the fish fauna of the 20 main channel and tributary sites in the Nakdong River was investigated from July 1999 to December 2000. A total of 4,791 individuals of fisHes were collected from three to seven sampling programs of all study sites and 48 species of 17 families were collected. Dominant family was Cyprinidae (25 species, relative abundance (RA): 91.8%). Zacco platypus (RA: 18.0%) was found to be the most abundant inhabitant. Subdominant species were Opsariichthys bidens (17,1%), Squalidus chankaensis tsuchigae (13.2%), Hemibarbus labeo (9.9%), and Z. temmincki (8.2%). Among the total species, 12 species were identified as endemic species (4 families, 24.5% of 1,172 individuals). Four exotic fishes were collected (Carassius cuvieri, 25 indv.; Micropterus salmoides, 214 indv.; Lipomis macrochirus, 14 indv.; Oreochromis niloticus, 6 indv.). M. salmoides was distributed in mid to lower part of the Nakdong River. As the result of cluster analysis, sampling sites were divided into three groups (upper, middle and lowerpart). Site below Gumi (St. 10) were considered as the lower part of the Nakdong River. Combined with previous surveys, about 80 species are present in the main channel and tributaries of the Nakdong River. Since the middle of 1990s, population density of the M. salmoides rapidly increased in the stagnant lower part of the river(RA 8.8% in lower 5 sites). The feeding strategy of M. salmoides was "generalized" on Daphnia sp. (<100 mm), and "specialization" about Cladocera (<150 mm) and Insecta(<200 mm).

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Species Diversity and Community Characteristics of Benthic Macroinvertebrates from Irrigation Ponds in the Western CCZ area, Korea (서부 민간인출입통제구역 일대 둠벙의 저서성대형무척추동물 종 다양성 및 군집 특성)

  • Chung, Hyun-Yong;Yeom, Cheol-Min;Kim, Jae Hyun;Park, Shinyeong;Lee, Yae-Won;Pyo, Gina;Kim, Seung Ho
    • Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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    • v.53 no.2
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    • pp.173-184
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    • 2020
  • Irrigation ponds, 'dumbeong', which are artificially constructed water resources for traditional farming, serve as a biological shelter connecting seasonally created rice paddy fields to local freshwater ecosystems. This 2018 study surveyed 143 irrigation ponds in the western Civilian Control Zone (CCZ) area from August to September, revealing species diversity and community characteristics of benthic macroinvertebrates. A total of 13,454 individuals of macroinvertebrates were captured and classified into 3 phyla, 5 classes, 17 orders, 59 families, 192 species. Among Insecta, the most frequently recorded order was Odonata, 55 spp.(33.7%), followed by Coleoptera, 52 spp. (31.9%), Hemiptera, 34 spp. (20.8%), Diptera, 17 spp. (9.8%), Ephemeroptera, 3 spp. (2.4%), Trichoptera, 1 spp. (0.6%) and Lepidoptera, 1 spp. (0.6%). Taxon of non-Insecta consisted of Mollusca, 14 spp. (48.2%), Annelida, 11 spp. (37.9%) and Arthropoda, 4 spp. (3.4%). The analysis of Diversity Index (H'), Species Richness Index (RI), Dominance Index (DI) and Evenness Index (J') revealed the general stability of communities in the study sites. A total of 28 rare species were found in 98 study sites, including three endangered species designated by the Ministry of Environment. These results showed that the species diversity and rarity of macroinvertebrates in the study area were greater than those of previous research on lentic wetlands (lake, etc.) and national conserved wetlands(Upo-swamp, etc.) in Korea. A conservation planning of aquatic ecosystems in the western CCZ area, therefore, should focus on conservation of irrigation ponds.

The Changes of Soil Microarthropoda at the Burned Areas by Forest Type (임상별(林相別) 산화지역(山火地域)의 토양미소절지동물(土壤微小節肢動物) 변화(變化))

  • Oh, Ki-Cheol;Kim, Jong-Kab
    • Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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    • v.89 no.3
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    • pp.287-296
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    • 2000
  • This study was carried out to examine and compare the changes of inhabitation of soil microarthropoda after forest fire between different types of forest; i.e. the coniferous forest (Mt. Chocdae) and the broad-leaved forest (Samsinbong in Mt. Chiri). The individuals of soil microarthropoda found at the burned and unburned areas of Samsinbong and Mt. Chocdae were 12 orders in 5 classes, and individuals of Insecta and Arachnida 98% of them. In respect of classification groups, Collembola order was high at the burned and unburned areas of coniferous forest, while Acari order was high at the broad-leaved area. When classified by soil depth, the total number of soil microarthropoda individuals inhabiting at Samsinbong, the broad-leaved forest, was 25,342 and 37,350 at 1~5cm depth of burned and unburned areas respectively, while at 5~10cm depth the number turned out 9,722 and 15,906. Soil microarthropoda individuals of unburned area was 1.6 times higher than for the burned area. At the coniferous forest, the number marked 31,665 and 51,431, respectively for 1~5cm depth of burned and unburned area, and 10,189 and 13,202 for 5~10cm depth. Here also, the number for the unburned area was examined to be 1.4 times higher than for the burned area.

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The Monitoring and Ecological Restoration Concept of Ecosystem Conservation Area in Dunchon, Seoul (서울시 둔촌동 습지 생태계보전지역 모니터링 및 생태적 복원구상)

  • 한봉호;김정호;홍석환
    • Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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    • v.17 no.3
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    • pp.242-257
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    • 2003
  • This study surveyed an ecosystem conservation area that is wetland area to establish ecological restoration and preservation plan. Monitoring standard have been set up item, method, period, number of times etc. Result that examine according to monitoring standard, Plant field investigated Flora, actual vegetation. Flora is 132 taxa(39 family 116 species 19 variety 1 forma) appeared and wild species were 85 species, and introduced species were 47 species. Grasped monthly(April∼September) actual vegetation, swampy plant community influence were increase and influence of Persicaria thunbergii was big situation specially. Frequency appearance of naturalized plant is much on field. Animal field investigated Birds, Herpetofauna, Insecta. Birds were appeared 34 species 378 individual and Herpetofauna were appeared 4 species 5 individual and insecta investigated 11 order 52 family 153 species. Inorganic environmental field investigated groundwater level, quality of water, soil quality. Groundwater level is high by 0.0∼89.0cm, $Ca^{++}$ content is some high by 2.18∼13.73cmol/kg in soil. Also we suggested basis direction and each space details plan on monitoring as follow : wetland ecosystem restoration plan, eruption area restoration plan, forest ecosystem restoration plan.n.

Species Diversity of Plecoptera(Insecta) in the Korean Peninsula (한반도 강도래목(곤충강)의 종다양성)

  • Ham, Soon-Ah
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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    • v.27 no.1
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    • pp.100-109
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    • 2009
  • Korean Plecopteran research was started in 1921, and it has advanced greatly during last 20 years. Among families the family Nemouridae and Chloroperlidae are composed of plentiful species. Since North Korean Plecopteran research was begun in 1938, it made good progress by foreigners not North Korean in the 1970's. Subsequently a few species has been added up recently, and among families the family Perlidae and Nemouridae contain most abundant species. Totally Korean Plecoptera consists of 43 species in 25 genera in 10 families, and North Korean 37 species in 26 genera in 10 families. Among them 13 species are common in both. And Korean names of Plecopteran species were mixed in Hangeul-type and Chinese-type, on the other hand in North Korean names there were some cases of Hangeul-type, but most of species have no Korean names. In Korea, particularly Ministry of Environment designated and controlled domestic biological resources as Korean Species that Require Approval when shipping abroad and Korean endemic species, which include 9 species and 11 species in Plecoptera respectively. Finally two genera and four species gained new Korean names as follows: genus Megaleuctra (Keun-Kkoma-Gang-Do-Rae-Sok), genus Haploperla (Han-Nok-Saek-Gang-Do-Rae-Sok), Nemoura brevicercia (Min-Gang-Do-Rae), Nemoura espera (Kkot-Min-Gang-Do-Rae), Amphinemura baei (Je-Ju-A-Ga-Mi-Min-GangDo-Rae) and Amphinemura rai (A-Ga-Mi-Min-Gang-Do-Rae).

Feeding Ecology of the Eight Barbel Loach, Lefua costata (Pisces: Namacheilidae) in the Jusucheon (Stream) Gangneung-si, Korea (강릉시 주수천에 서식하는 쌀미꾸리 Lefua costata (Pisces: Namacheilidae)의 섭식생태)

  • Hyeok-Yeong Kwon;Mee-Sook Han;Myeong-Hun Ko
    • Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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    • v.35 no.1
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    • pp.30-38
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    • 2023
  • The feeding ecology of the eight barbel loach, Lefua costata, were investigated in the Jusucheon (Stream), Namyang-ri, Okgye-myeon, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Korea from January to December 2013. L. costata mainly fed from March to December when the water temperature was higher than 5℃, and the feeding rate peaked in April~May and September~October. Their main food organisms analyzed by the index of relative importance (IRI) were Diptera (77.1%), Ephemeroptera (20.3%), Trichoptera (1.7%) and Odonata (0.4%) in Insecta. Other food organisms were various, such as Arhynchobdellida (0.6%) and Tubificida (0.1%) of Annelida, Nematoda (0.2%), fish (Actinopterygii, 0.1%), and Veneroida (0.01%) of the Mollusca. Major seasonal food organisms were Diptera (55.4%) and Ephemeroptera (41.6%) in spring, Diptera (92.7%) and Anelida (6.8%) in summer, Diptera (70.8%), Ephemeroptera (9.0%), Trichoptera (8.1%) and Annelida (7.7%) in autumn. By age, juvenile (0+) tended to eat only Diptera (mainly Chironomidae, 98.2%) that were relatively small in prey size. However, as it grew, the proportion of Diptera gradually decreased, and the proportion of relatively large Mayflies and Annelids increased. The size of the prey organisms showed rapid growth, with 2.5±1.05 mm for juvenile (0+), 3.2±1.29 mm for one year (1+), 3.7±2.05 mm for two years (2+), and 6.8±4.97 mm for three years or more (≥3+).

An Optimal Standardized in vitro Bioassay to Evaluate Susceptibility of Green Peach Aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer)(Insecta: Hemoptera: Aphididae), to Aphicides (복숭아혹진딧물, Myzus persicae (Sulzer)(Insecta: Hemoptera: Aphididae), 살진딧물 최적 in vitro 살충력 검정 방법 확립)

  • Ka Hee Cho;Hyo Jung Kim;Young Cheol Kim
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.62 no.3
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    • pp.139-147
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    • 2023
  • Leaf-spray in vitro bioassays appraise new aphicidal formulations for managing deleterious plant-feeding aphids. The formulation may utilize alternative and integrated strategies. However, leaf spraying even under controlled conditions may affect aphid reproduction and mortality. This study examines leaf spray applications for optimum and reproducible aphicidal results using tobacco leaves overlaid on cotton fabric or water agar surfaces. Infestation of the undersides of tobacco leaves with nymphs of green peach aphids was used in the assays. Spray distance and volume were optimized using water-sensitive paper to ascertain the best surface coverage. Overlays of the leaves on water agar caused less mortality and greater reproduction than the use of cotton fabric. The relative humidity of the insect-rearing chambers changed with the watering regime for the insect - rearing chambers with cotton fabric; 60% relative humidity was optimal. Relative humidity was not affected by the concentration of agar in the water agar chambers. Applications of the chemical aphicidal standard, Sulfoxaflor, under the optimized conditions exhibited similar times for lethality although the rate was faster with leaves on the cotton fabric than on water agar. These studies establish reproducible and sensitive techniques for assessing the lethality and effects on reproduction of potential aphicidal products.