• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.105-112
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• 2001

Insect pests can be controlled through direct application of insecticides. Insect control by residual protectants is relatively inexpensive and has an advantage of destroying all stages of infestations. The efficacy of control is largely determined by the concentration of insecticides to which the pest species is exposed. A reduction in the period of control in the field afforded by a specific level of a protectant indicates that resistance has developed. An increase in the level of protectant is required to maintain control, and the efficacy of currently used insecticides has been severely reduced by insecticide resistance in pest species. Development of resistance to particular insecticide varies with species because insecticide resistance is often correlated with increased levels of certain enzymes, which are cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenases, glutathione S-transferases and esterases. Some sections of insecticide molecules can be modified by one or more of these primary enzymes. A reduction in the sensitivity of the action site of a xenobiotic also constitutes a mechanism of resistance. Acetylcholinesterase is a major target site for insecticide action, as are axonal sodium ion channels and ${\gamma}$-aminobutyric acid receptors. Development of reduced sensitivity of these target sites to insecticides usually occurs. This review not only may contribute to a better understanding of insecticide resistance, but also illustrates the gaps still present for a full biochemical understanding of the resistance.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.97-105
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• 2012

A Gangwon region consisting of over 80% of forest area has industries that have been developed by utilizing its clean region image. However, the recent climate change has increased the forest disease & insect pest as well as the forest fire and the major cause is known to be the increase in the frequency of a drought occurrence. From the aspect of climate change, it can be said that drought and forest are important in every aspect of the adaptation and mitigation of climate change measure as they increase forest disease & insect pest that leads to desolation of usable forest resource. In addition, the increase of forest fire reduces resources that can absorb greenhouse gas, which leads to increase in green house emission. The purpose of this study is to provide a motive for concentrating administrative power for protecting forest in a Gangwon region by selecting a drought management needed local government through a drought forecast according to the climate change scenario of a Gangwon region.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.179-184
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• 2000

온실 장미 재배시 중요 해충인 꽃노랑총채벌레와 점박이응애를 대상으로 발생소장 조사와 방제체계개선을 위한 연구를 수행한 결과는 다음과 같다. 점박이응애는 자미 화색별 발생밀도의 차이가 없었으나 꽃노랑총채벌레는 황색계통인 'Star Light'에서는 적색, 핑크색 장미품종에 비하여 밀도가 높게 나타났다. 무인방제기 사용시 관행방제에 비하여 인건비와 사용약제는 각각 89%, 18.2%를 절감할 수 있었으며 해충방제 효과는 차이가 없었다. 점박이응애 방제시 전착제를 사용할 경우 응애약제 단용처리에 비하여 약제도포율은 25%, 해충방제기는 20.5% 증가하는 것으로 나타났다.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.235-238
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• 2017

Colorado potato beetle is a most destructive insect pest of potato throughout the world. Although utilization of chemical insecticides is a main method for management of this pest, their negative side-effects such as threat to humans and the environmental pollution prompted researchers to search for natural alternatives. Recently plant essential oils with low or without side-effects against noun-targeted organisms and with high availability were considered as safe bio-pesticides. In the present study, toxicity of essential oil of Iranian lemongrass, Cymbopogon citratus Stapf, was evaluated against 3th instar larvae and adults of Colorado potato beetle by a leaf dipping method. Results displayed essential oil had notable toxicity against both larvae and adults after 24 and 48 h exposure times. Probit analysis revealed $LC_{50}$ values (lethal concentration to kill 50% of population) with 95% confidence limits were 10.32 (9.17 - 11.72) and 7.76 (6.80 - 8.74) ${\mu}l/ml$ for larvae and 6.27 (4.82 - 8.15) and 4.35 (3.24 - 5.62) ${\mu}l/ml$ for adults after 24 and 48 h, respectively. Based on regression analysis, a positive correlation between log concentration of essential oil and insect mortality was achieved. Results indicated C. citratus essential oil can be candidate as a natural alternative to the harmful chemical insecticides in the management of Colorado potato beetle.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.6-13
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• 1990

濟州遺 바나나 栽培하우스內에 發生한 蟲害種類 및 加害樣補을 1988年 8月初 9個農園에서 調査하였다. 그 結果 發見된 害蟲은 바나나바구미(Cosmopoiites sordidus (Germar)), 방아벌레 I種(Melanotus sp.), 담배거세미나방(Spodoptera litura (Fabricius)), 가루깍지 벌레(Pseudococcus comstocki (Kuwana)), 응애류 1種(Tetranychid sp.) 等 5種이었다. 바나나바구미는 幼蟲이 地下莖에 坑道를 뚫고 加害하여, 바나나헛줄기 밑부와 地下莖이 細菌複合感梁에 의해 썩게 만들었고 幼蟲 20마리 정도가 加害하면 식물체가 죽었다. 바나나바구미는 서귀포시 법환동, 강정동 -帶와 남제주군 남원읍에 發生하였고 '80年代初 일본, 필리핀, 스리랑카 等地에서 輸入한 바나나에 묻어 流入 되었을 것으로 추정된다. 기타의 害蟲은 國內에 分布하던 것이 하우스내로 이동하여 發生한 種들이었다.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.139-143
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• 2009

Several entomopathogenic fungi have been exploited to be developed into biological control agents in insect pest management. The beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua, is a serious insect pest infesting various crops, but not effectively controlled by commercial chemical pesticides due to its high insecticide resistance. A fungal isolate was isolated from S. exigua larvae collected from cabbage field in Andong, Korea. The fungus could be cultured in potato dextrose agar. Larvae of S. exigua injected with the cultured conidia showed a potent entomopathogenicity. To identify the fungus isolate, its internal transcribed space (ITS) and surrounding partial 18S/28S regions were sequenced. The ITS sequence was highly matched (99%) to that of Nomuraea rileyi. Morphological characters of its hyphae and conidia were well fit to those of known N. rileyi. This study reports the first record of an entomopathogenic fungus, N. rileyi, in Korea.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.141-144
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• 2014

국가간 농산물의 수출입 검역시 새로운 기술로 인정받고 있는 전자빔 조사시 귤가루깍지벌레와 복숭아혹진딧물의 방제효과를 조사한 결과, 저선량의 전자선 조사(30, 60, 90 및 120 Gy)는 복숭아혹진딧물과 귤가루깍지벌레의 직접적인 방제효과는 나타나지 않았으나, 발육 및 생식 억제에 크게 영향을 끼쳐 해충에 대한 불활성화 효과를 나타내었다. 이 같은 결과는 국가간 농산물 수출입 검역현장에서 전자선 조사기술이 메틸브로마이드와 같은 화학적 병해충 방제를 대체할 새로운 가능성을 확인해 주는 결과이다.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제26권1호통권84호
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• pp.78-85
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• 1998

전국 각지에서 채집한 사멸곤충에서 분리한 곤충 기생성 진균이 생산하는 살충성 생리활성물질을 탐색한 결과 곰팡이 분리주 CNAB-63 균주가 목화진딧물과 점박이응애 모두에 대해 다른 분리균주들보다 비교적 높은 살충효과를 보인 바, 본 균주가 생산하는 살충성분을 각종 chromatography로 분리 정제하였다. 정제된 활성물질 CNAB는 점박이응애에서 66.59%, 목화진딧물에서 52.96%의 살충효과를 보였으며, 그 외에도 온실가루이에 살충효과를 보였으나 배추좀나방에는 미미한 살충효과를 보였다. 한편 활성물질 CNAB는 $100\;{\mu}g/disk$ 농도에서 곰팡이, 효모, 세균류에 전혀 항균활성을 보이지 않았다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.313-316
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• 2011

The ambrosia beetle, Platypus koryoensis, is a serious pest of oak trees in Korea. In this study we investigated filamentous fungi present in the body of the beetle. Fourteen genera of filamentous fungi belonging to Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were isolated. Among the isolated fungi, some were able to produce wood degrading enzymes. This is first report of fungi associated with P. koryoensis.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.137-141
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• 2005

Though many insecticides are commercially available, development of resistance, pest resurgence and effects on non-target organisms led to the search for alternate insect pest management (IPM) strategy based on larval growth and reproductive fitness. Reproductive potential of insects depends on its acquiring of vitellogenic competence which is under hormonal control. Exogenous application of analogues of JR (JHAs) and ecdysterone could derail normal development and reproduction in insects by manipulating an array of physiological processes. In the rice pest, brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens, JHA, hydroprene induced metathetely from the fifth (final) instar nymphs in an age-dependent manner. Day 0 of the final instar showed highest sensitivity to induce this abnormal development. Adults emerged from treated day 3 nymphs looked normal. Both the morphotypes were reproductively incompetent and showed partial to complete sterility. Pre-adult exposure of the ovarian tissue to hydroprene suppressed mitotic division of germinal cells and induced abnormalities in the later s1ages of growth and differentiation of ovary in N. lugens. More over the nymphal exposure to hydroprene inhibited patency changes of follicular epithelium and affected competence of the follicles for yolk sequestration. In the absence of ovarian growth and oocyte differentiation, germarium found disintegrated, trophic core regressed and terminal oocytes resorbed. Hydroprene exposure to newly ecdysed brachypterous females did not affect ovarian development and egg production. Proper larval-adult transition appeared as a. prerequisite for vitellogenic competence in N. lugens for which the ovarian tissues must be exposed to ecdysterone in the internal milieu devoid of JH.