• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.129-145
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• 2004

Since science was first taught in schools, maybe during the 18th century, school science education has experienced many substantial changes in its goals and nature over the period. The historical changes are usually referred to by some key terms, like, mechanics' institutes, object lessons, heuristics, general science, inquiry, STS, misconceptions. To characterize these changes, science educators frequently use some slogan-like analogies, referring to parts of the human body to indicate the movement of science education during a particular period of time: for example, 'Hands-On' for inquiry movement during 1960s-70s, 'Minds-On' for constructivist movement during 1980s-90s. In this paper, we briefly summarize the overall historical development of science education in Britain, then further expand the analogies to cover the overall process, that is, Ears-On ${\to}$ Eyes-On ${\to}$ Hands-On ${\to}$ Minds-On. To illustrate future directions of the 21st century, we propose a new analogy, 'Hearts-On', and also discuss the meanings and implications of a 'Hearts-On' analogy by illustrating how this new paradigm can be applied to reflect various current trends of science education, particularly in Korea. In addition, a parallel historical change between school science and science museums & centres is discussed.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.51-62
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• 1997

The objective of this study was to review the meaning and problems of Scientific Knowledge and Ethical Value in Environmental Education. The ultimate goal of environmental education is shaping proenvironmental human behavior. The factors of human behavioral decision making are ideology, value, attitude and behavioral intentions. Ideology is a kind of belief system used by social groups to interpret their social world. The main elements of belief system are knowledge and value. The traditional thinking in education has been that we can change behavior by making human beings more knowledgeable and more valuable. In environmental education, the aim of scientific inquiry is to analysis cause-effect relation of human beings behavior and environmental phenomenon, and ethical education is to change the mind of human beings from zero-sum to positive-sum about the relations between human beings and natural environments. But, there are many problems of knowledge education and value education in environmental education. For example scientific knowledge without ethical value is dangerous to environment protection, and ethical value without scientific knowledge is vague. Therefore, we must recognize that the relationship of ethical value and scientific knowledge is not substitutional but complementary. The teaching-learning methods which can integrate knowledge and value in environmental education are rational decision making model. For this model, we can construct teaching contents with inquiry materials. To earn the benefits of specialization among several subjects in environmental education, social studies can focus on social science knowledge and decision making, science education can focus on pure natural science knowledge and scientific investigation, moral education can focus on problems of ethical value system, home economics can focus on practical action and environmental education(Environments in middle school, Ecology and Environments in high school) can integrate social-national science knowledge and ethical value in broad perspective about human beings and ecosystem. That is the method to protect from law of diminishing marginal utility of learning in environmental education.

• 대한지구과학교육학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.31-41
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• 2012

This study investigates the effect of ASI program on the improvement of gifted students' scientific creative problem solving skill and science learning motivation. ASI developed by reflecting the characteristics of scientific inquiry. The study was aimed at Twenty elementary gifted students from C Gifted Education Program participated in the sixteen sessions of ASI curriculum from June 2010 to October 2010. First, we found that the ASP program is effective to improve the gifted students' scientific creative problem solving skill overall. Specifically, the ASI was effective in the sub-catagories of scientific creative problem solving skills such as 'fluency', 'flexibility', 'originality', and 'appropriateness'. However, there was no significant change in the sub-category of 'reliability' and 'elaborateness' Second, we found that the ASP program is effective to improve the gifted students' sscience learning motivation overall. Specifically, the ASI was effective in the sub-catagories of science problem solving skills such as 'intrinsic motivation', 'correlation with personal goal', 'self-determination', and 'fear of evaluation'. However, there was no significant change in the sub-category of 'extrinsic motivation' and 'self-efficacy'. summary, the ASI program was shown to be effective for improving their scientific creative problem solving skill and scientific learning motivation; This study implies that the ASI curriculum would be a effective tool to help gifted students to improve their ascientific creative problem solving skill and their motivation to learn science.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.3-21
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• 2008

This research investigates the strategy for application of E-Trade to SMEs to analyze the economic effect of e-trade. And the influence of the proliferation of e-business and e-trade upon the industrial business conditions, value-chain, and business activities is also analyzed. The subjects of the inquiry are the nationwide petrochemical industries in which small and medium sized companies are in mutual and intimate cooperation. The results show that the business structure of the petrochemical industries are divided into four stages, and, with the introduction of e-business, the value chain is changed by stages. And the change of value-chain explains the transition of the e-business of petrochemical industries including trade business into industrial DB and leads to a variety of the economic effect including the reduction in the trade expense, the change of the production process, and the innovation of trade structure.

• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국주거학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.283-287
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• 2004

Jeju City has been developed and changed variously by influence of industrialization and urbanization since Jeju City was erected into a city on September 1st of 1955. The purpose of the study is to offer information and data for establishing housing policy and urban planning for being considered the change of housing in Jeju City for the past fifty years. The method of the study is an analysis of documentary records and data and an inquiry of literature. The results are following: 1) The population of Jeju City has increased six times ever before. 2) The ratio of housing supply is 95.3% and the ratio of renting houses has increased than before in terms of the type of occupation of housing. 3) The ratio of collective house is higher than detached dwelling's in term of the type of housing units.

• 과학교육연구지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.185-192
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• 2010

이 연구의 목적은 생물분류탐구과정에서 나타나는 부정감성을 호르몬 변화로 예측할 수 있는 부정감성 예측모델을 개발하는 것이다. 이를 위해 통합적인 과학 탐구가 가능하도록 깃털 분류 탐구 활동을 개발하였다. 연구대상은 호르몬 변화 측정에 문제가 없는 서울, 안산, 청주 소재 중학교 2학년 47명(남 18, 여 29)으로 하였다. 피험자들은 개인별로 깃털 분류 탐구 활동을 수행하였다. 깃털 분류 탐구 활동 전과 후에 형용사 이모티콘 척도법을 이용하여 부정감성 검사를 하였고, 타액 시료를 채취하여 코르티솔 호르몬 변화를 분석하였다. 연구결과 부정감성 변화량과 타액 코르티솔 변화량 사이에서 유의미한 정적 상관관계(R=0.39, P<0.001)가 나타났으며, 회귀분석을 이용하여 생물분류탐구에서 나타나는 타액 코르티솔 변화량을 이용한 부정감성 예측모델을 개발하였다.

• 초등상담연구
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.111-133
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was closely to explore the guidance experiences of senior elementary teachers who have had over 30 years of teaching experiences in elementary school based on interpretive(or hermeneutic) inquiry. The entry research question was 'What are the guidance experiences of senior elementary teachers like?' Seven senior elementary teachers working for O elementary School in G city participated in this study voluntarily. Each participant was interviewed twice in a consecutive manner. 14 periods of interview were completed all together and each period took about 40-60 minutes. In conclusion, this study conceptualized the guidance experiences of the senior elementary teachers(participants) as follows: First, the concepts of guidance held by the participants were conceptualized as 1) supporting and caring activity helping students to lead joyful school life, 2) assisting activity helping students to grow on good basic life habits, 3) character building activity helping students to lead integrative growth. Second, the fields and contents of guidance held by the participants were conceptualized as basic life habits, manners, and health & safety. Interestingly, these concepts were evolved in connection with their personal, practical teaching experiences rather than in-service teacher education. Third, the guidance methods frequently used by the participants were co-work with parents, exemplary storytelling, counselling, and praise. The participants applied these methods differently according to the grade, individual difference, and school curriculum policy to some degree. Fourth, the participants have experienced a lot of struggles with students, teachers, and parents in doing their guidance practices throughout the whole teaching career. Their guidance experiences commonly shifted from more teacher-centered or authoritative to more student-centered or relational way as their teaching years accumulated. Interestingly, all the participants more or less lived as lifelong learners to create their own right space as senior teachers in today's competitive and challenging landscape. This study strongly suggests that responsible teacher education can playa great role of enabling senior teachers to cope with guidance issues successfully. Compared with the speedy social change, the teacher education in Korea had been so authoritative, provider-based, subject-based until recently and it have not met the needs and wants of the elementary teachers in field. This trend has significantly hindered them from catching up with the needs of the speedy social change in terms of contemporary guidance issues. This study is limited in that the data is solely collected based on interview. So, an observational research is strongly suggested in order to uncover the situated understanding of the guidance experiences of elementary senior teachers.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.369-387
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• 2023

본 연구는 2년간 대학원 실험 연구실에서 이루어진 나의 과학 연구 경험을 들뢰즈의 '배치'와 '되기'의 관점에 기반하여 해석한 것이다. 연구는 자서전적 내러티브 탐구 방법에 따라 수행되었다. 연구 텍스트는 나의 과학 연구 경험에 관해 이야기하고, 이를 들뢰즈의 관점에서 다시 이야기하는 형식으로 작성되었다. 들뢰즈의 시선에서 과학연구는 끊임없이 유동하는 배치이다. 연구 배치는 여러 실험 도구-기계와 연구자-기계 등의 기계적 배치와 프로토콜, 생명과학, 실험실 규칙과 같은 언표행위의 집합적 배치로 이루어져 있으며 이러한 배치 곳곳에서 사건이 발생하면서 배치가 유동한다. 물질적 차원에서 일어나는 변화로서 데이터는 하나의 사건이며 문제를 제기하는 기호이다. 데이터는 연구자와의 관계 속에서 배치를 변화시킬 수 있는 행위능력을 발휘하며 그 과정에서 의미가 형성되었다. 배치의 변화는 내가 과학적 실행을 하도록 강제하였다. 나는 차이를 머금고 반복되는 과학적 실행을 통과하면서 다른 기계와 끊임없이 접속하였고, 몸이 정동하면서 배치를 이루는 몸의 역량이 증대되었다. 이와 더불어, 데이터와 함께 기존의 과학 연구 배치에서 탈영토화되고, 새로운 과학연구 배치에 재영토화되면서 이전과는 다른 나로 차이생성되면서 과학연구자-되기가 이루어질 수 있었다. 본 연구는 나의 과학 연구 경험을 기반으로 과학연구자-되기 과정을 탐색함으로써 과학적 실행 기반의 과학교육에 시사점을 제공한다.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.185-211
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• 2016

본 논문은 학습조직활동이 직무소진에 미치는 영향과 상사의 신뢰성의 조절효과를 검증하는 연구이다. 연구의 결과, 독립변수인 학습조직활동 중 연구대화 활성화와 팀학습 조직화가 직무소진에 영향을 주는 것으로 분석되었다. 다시말해 질문하고, 피드백을 주며 다양한 학습방법을 실험하는 문화를 조성하는 조직의 노력과 팀의 효과적인 활용을 강화할 수 있는 협력적인 학습이 직무소진의 핵심적 차원으로 간주되는 정서적 탈진을 낮춰주는 효과가 있다. 또한 정서적 탈진으로 인하여 자신의 고객, 동료, 직무 등에 대하여 부정적이고 냉소적이며, 형식적으로 처리하여 더 이상의 정서적 탈진을 막으려고 하는 비인격화도 낮춰주고 있다. 그리고 연구대화 활성화와 팀 학습 조직화은 직무상에서 성취도 부족으로 생기는 자신에 대한 부정적인 평가인 개인성취감감소 또한 낮춰주는 것으로 분석되었다. 상사 신뢰성의 조절효과 분석의 결과, 독립변수 가운데 전략적 학습리더십과 직무소진 중 비인격화와 정서적탈진과의 영향관계에서 신뢰성(정직성, 호의, 능력)의 조절효과가 나타났다. 결국 상사가 가지고 있는 신뢰성은 리더들이 변화를 주도하고 새로운 방향으로 이끌어 가기 위한 학습이 조직구성원들의 정서적탈진과 비인격화를 완화시키는데 조절효과가 있다는 것을 발견하였다. 또한 본 연구의 결과는 AI(Appreciative Inquiry)와 같이 긍정적 탐구를 위한 질문법과 강점을 발견하기 위한 피드백분석과 같은 학습차원에서 의사소통이 직무소진을 완화하는데 매우 중요하다는 점과 리더의 개인의 역량으로 볼 수 있는 전략적 학습리더십이 보다 더 큰 영향력을 발휘하기 위해서는 상사의 신뢰성이 매우 중요하다는 시사점을 도출 할 수 있다.

• 분석과 대안
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.71-106
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• 2018

The 19th CPC National Congress has a key historical significance in the development of China's constitution. It will also play a decisive role in the history of the seventy years'constitutional change in New China. XiJinping's new socialist thought with Chinese characteristics established in the report of 19th CPC National Congress will be written in the preface of the March 2018 National People's Congress's constitutional amendment. The fifth revision of 1982 Constitution will touch on many issues such as the leadership of the CPC into the constitution, the abolition of the tenure of the president, the constitutional oath system, and the reform of the national supervisory system. In addition, the constitutionality review system, the establishment of the National Security Council, the constitutional status of socialist public property and private property and the adjustment of major economic system has become a hot topic in the theory field. In the history node towards a socialist country ruled by law, the theory and practice of the China indeed have the academic ideas, value position and path model differences, which will delay the Chinese constitutional development, but also is the necessary pain in the process of moving towards the rule of law in China. Indeed, how to the development and where to go in the future of Chinese constitutionalism itself has sample value, which deserves rational attention and in-depth inquiry from Chinese and Western academics.