• 대한한의학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.141-155
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• 2001

Objective : The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of Injin fractions on hepatic fibrosis induced by $TGF-{\beta}1$. Method : $TGF-{\beta}1$ mRNA, protein, $TGF-{\beta}1$ receptor, Smad family and PAI-I mRNA were studied in HepG2 cell, and the proliferation, connective tissue growth factor, fibronectin and collagen type I mRNA in T3891 fibroblast by quantitative RT-PCR, ELISA and thymidine incorporation assay. Results : On $TGF-{\beta}1$ mRNA and protein synthesis in HepG2, $H_2O$, butanol and hexane fractions of Injin showed inhibitory effect in a dose-dependent way. In the study on $TGF-{\beta}1$ receptor, Smad family and PAI-1 mRNA in HepG2, $H_2O$, butanol and hexane fraction of Injin showed inhibitory effect on the expression of PAI-1 in a dose-dependent way. On the proliferation of T3891 fibroblast induced by $TGF-{\beta}1$, $H_2O$, ethylacetate and butanol fractions of Injin showed inhibitory effect. In the study on the factors affected by $TGF-{\beta}1$, $H_2O$, ethylacetate and butanol fractions of Injin showed inhibitory effect on CTGF, and $H_2O$, butanol, chloroform and hexane fractions showed inhibitory effect on the expression of collagen type I, whereas no fraction showed inhibitory effect on the expression of fibronectin Conclusion : These results show that each fraction of Injin acts as a fibrosis inhibitory factor by itself or in combination, ultimately inhibiting liver cirrhosis.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.57-69
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• 2002

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of Injin butanol fractions with Thin Layer Chromatography on Fas-mediated Apoptosis. Method: Injin-butanol fraction separated by TLC. MIT assay, cell cycle analysis, Caspase-3 protease assay, DNA fragmentation assay and quantitative RT-PCR were performed to evaluate the effects of TLC extraction of lnjin-butanol fraction on cell viability, cell cycle progression and apoptosis. Results: Scopoletin, luteolin, apigenin and unknown powder was isolated by TLC. Fas-mediated apoptosis analysis shows that scopoletin has inhibiting function on apoptosis. Caspase- 3 protease assay analysis shows that scopoletin inhibits activity of caspase-3. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis shows that no activity on caspase-3, but apoptosis inhibition cytokine -Bcl-2- is activated, and apoptosis activating cytokine -Bax- is unactivated. Conclusion: These results show that each fraction of Injin-butanol TLC extraction, especially scopoletin, acts as a protective function on liver cell viability, and inhibitory function on apoptosis. (J Korean Oriental Moo 2002;23(2):57-69)

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.70-77
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• 1976

The Sam Mool Injin extract is occasionally used as a kind of remedies for the treatment of hepatic discomfort in herb medicine. The study for the effect on the hepatic parenchymal cells, especially regenerating activity and even its toxicity have. little been done and only a very few pharmacological properties have been reported. So, an experimental study for the morphologic changes in the acute carbon tetrachloride poisoning of wister rat by administration of its extract has been performed. Male Wister rat weighing around 200gm were used in this experiment. Results were as follows; 1) In the $Ccl_4$ 0.3c.c 7day group, there is noted considerable increase of regenerating activity in the experimental group compared with non-extract treated group, in half of them. 2) Remaining all of the experimental group do not show significant difference of regenerating activity compared with control group. 3) In the group treated with Sam Mool Injin extract alone, there was noted some considerable increase of nonspecific leukocytic infiltrations compared with saline control group. This can be considered as a possibility of hepatic tissue reaction on the Sam Mool Injin extract.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.281-298
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• 1995

The following results were made by observation GOT, GPT, ALP, total cholesterol and higlyceride in serum to research the effects of medicines which are Injinsaryungsan(Sample- A) and another medicine(Sample-B) of which Injin(Artemisiae Capillaris Herba)was increased in quantity on liver damaged by $CCl_4$ and d-galactosamine in rats. 1. The high concentrated extracts of Sample A group and Sample- B group showed significant inhibltory effects on the increase of serum GPT, ALP, LDH, total cholesterol and triglyceride levels induced by $CCl_4$ and d-galactosamine. 2. The high concentrated extracts of sample A group and Sample B group showed more significant inhibitory effects(P〈0.001) than the low ones' effects(P〈0.01) on the increase of serum triglyceride level induced by $CCl_4$ 3. Sample-A group showed significant inhibitory effects on the increase of serum GOT, GPT. ALP, total cholesterol and triglyceride levels, but no significance on the increase of serum LDH level induced by d-galactosamine. 4. Sample-B group showed very significant inhibitory effects on the increase of serum GOP, GPT, ALP, LDH, total cholesterol and triglyceride levels induced by d-galactosamine. 5. As compared with Sample-A group, Sample-B group of which Injin was increased in quantity showed more significant inhibitory effects on all items of this experiment induced by $CCl_4$ and d-galactosamine. As mentioned above. it seemed that both Injinsaryungsan and another medicine of which Injin was increased in quantity had effects protecting liver and anti-fatty liver induced by $CCl_4$ and d-galactosamine in rats. Specially Sample-B group had very significant effects on liver damage as compared with Sample-B group. Therefore it seems that more researches on variation according to the increase of Injin dose must be continued for curing liver diseases.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.292-298
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• 2008

본 실험은 전자공여능에 따른 $IC_{50}$을 살펴본 것으로 ethylacetate로 추출한 사철쑥 잎추출물에서 1.74${\mu}g/ml$, 잎과 줄기추출물에서 2.24${\mu}g/ml$, 더위지기 잎추출물에서 1.81${\mu}g/ml$, 잎과 줄기추출물에서 1.56${\mu}g/ml$로 가장 낮은 농도를 나타내었 으며 다음으로 ether추출물, methanol추출물, water추출물 순이었으며 hexane추출물에서는 전자공여능이 뚜렷이 나타나지 않았다. ethylacetate와 ether 추출물의 DPPH free radical 소거능을 기준으로 더위지기가 사철쑥에 비하여 높은 항산화활성을 나타내었다. 각 pH 조건에서 아질산염 소거능은 전반적으로 비극성 용매의 추출물보다는 극성 용매인 methanol추출물과 ethylacetate 추출물에서 높은 소거능을 보였다. pH 1.2에서 ethylacetate추출물은 53.75${\sim}$84.25%로 가장 높은 소거능을 나타내었으며 methanol추출물과 hexane추출물에서도 비교적 양호한 소거능을 보였고, water추출물과 ether추출물에서는 소거능이 확실히 나타나지 않았다. 3일간 저장한 linoleic acid 기질에 대한 추출물별 항산화활성은 ethylacetate추출물에서 367${\sim}$423meq/kg로 가장 높게 나타났으며, hexane, methanol, water, ether추출물순이었고 더위지기가 사철쑥에 비하여 조금 높은 활성을 보였으며 잎추출물과 잎과 줄기추출물사이의 차이는 유의적이지 않았다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.141-147
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• 2010

This study compared the antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of two plants used as "Injin" (Korean herbal medicine), namely, Injinho (Artemisia capillaris Thunberg) and Haninjin (Artemisia iwayomogi Kitamura). The ethyl acetate and ether fractions of crude methanol extracts from A. capillaris and A. iwayomogi were tested against three grampositive bacteria (Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus), two gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas fluorescens), and a yeast (Saccharomyceus cerevisiae). The antimicrobial activity of the ethyl acetate and ether fraction of both plants was strong, but that of A. iwayomogi extracts was higher than that of A. capillaris extract for the microbes tested. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the ether and ethyl acetate fraction of A. iwayomogi was highest for P. fluorescens and lowest for S. aureus and E. coli. We analyzed the chemical composition of the ethyl acetate fraction of A. capillaris and A. iwayomogi using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The main components of A. capillaris and A. iwayomogi were escoparone (86.82%) and scopoletin (20.47%), respectively.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.9-12
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• 2009

Artemisia capillaris and Artemisia iwayomogi are weeds used as medicinal plants in Korea under the name "Injin". I collected leaves of A. capillaris and A. iwayomogi, examined them for phytotoxic effects from volatile substances and determined the composition of monoterpenes in the leaves. The effects of volatile substances from each species on seed germination and radicle elongation in each of the two Artemisia species were assessed. The volatile substances of A. capillaris did not negatively affect the seed germination of A. capillaris, but they did inhibit radicle elongation. Rates of seed germination of A. iwayomogi decreased when the seeds were exposed to high concentration of A. capillaris volatile substances. The inhibition of seed germination and radicle elongation by volatile substances from both Artemisia species was stronger for A. iwayomogi than for A. capillaris. I identified the monoterpenoids from the leaves with a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). The main constituents of A. capillaris were acenaphthylene (37.91%), $\beta$-pinene (12.08%), 4-carene (10.61%) and $\gamma$-curcumene (9.92%), while those of A. iwayomogi were germacrene-$\delta$ (32.15%), borneol (21.24%), camphor (20.45%) and trans-caryophyllene (7.75%).

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.37-54
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• 2011

Background and Objective : Recently it is true that increasing interest in Oriental medicine and usage of herbal medicine. On the other hand, there are many concerns about the stability of herbal medicine. So, this study is carried out to see whether or not the treatment with Sanghan-Bang(傷寒方) is effective on the liver function besides its effectiveness in treating facial palsy. Methods : We examined serum TP, Albumin, TB, AST, ALT, ALP, LDH, ${\gamma}$-GGT levels, and facial palsy states in 37 patients with facial palsy who had admission treatment in an oriental medical hospital. Results and Conclusion : 1. We found the levels of TP, albumin, TB, and ${\gamma}$-GGT had decreased statistically significant. Also, AST, ALT, LDH and ALP levels had decreased however it was not statistically significant. 2. We analyzed the herbal group that may be efficient to the liver function; Daehwang-Jae(16 case), Injin-Jae(12 case), and Chija-Jae(6 case) in this order. 3. From the eight cases using oriental medicinal concoctions using one of Daehwang, Injin-Jae or Chija as their main component, the liver function test results displayed decreasing values, re-entering into normal LFT ranges. 4. As we compared the admission House-Brackmann Scale with discharge, the treatment was efficient and statistically significant.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.91-105
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• 1999

The effects of Yinjin and Yinjinsaryongsangagambang on a DNA damaging agent, etoposide-induced apoptosis, cell viability, cell cycle progression, and mRNA expression of apoptosis-related genes of human hepatocyte cell line HepG2 were investigated using tryphan blue exclusion assay, MTT assay, flow cytometry, immunocytometric analysis of PCNA, and quantitative RT-PCR analysis. MTT assay showed that Yinjin and Yinjinsaryongsangagambang increases cellular viability of HepG2 cells in a dosage-dependent manner. Stimulation of cell cycle progression by Yinjin or Yinjinsaryongsangagambang was detected by flow cytometric analysis of the DNA content and immunocytometric analysis of PCNA expression. A significant reduction of a DNA-damaging agent, etoposide-induced apoptosis were found in both Yinjin and Yinjinsaryongsangagambang-treated cells in dosage-dependent manner. In overall, 3-fold reduction of apoptosis was recognized in $10.0\;{\mu}g/ml$ of Yinjin or Yinjinsaryongsangagambang-treated cells compared to untreated cells. Although the difference is not significant, Yinjinsaryongsangagambang showed slightly higher effect on the inhibition of apoptosis than Yinjin. From flow cytometric analysis of apoptosis, while 39.9% of untreated cells showed etoposide-induced apoptotic cell death, only 19.6% or 17.4% of Yinjin or Yinjinsaryongsangagambang-treated cells were fond at apoptotic sub G1 phase, respectively. Interestingly, strong induction of Gadd45-mRNA was observed from Yinjin or Yinjinsaryongsangagambang-treated cells. However, no changes in expression levels of p53 and Waf1 were detected, demonstrating that induction of Gadd45 mRNA expression by Yinjin or Yinjinsaryongsangagambang occurs by p53-independent mechanism. Marked mRNA inductions of two apoptosis-inhibiting genes, Bcl-2 and Bcl- XL, were found in both Yinjin or Yinjinsaryongsangagambang-treated HepG2 cells while no changes was detected in expression levels of an apoptosis-promoting gene, Bax.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.10-16
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• 2011

본 실험은 인진으로 쓰이는 사철쑥과 더위지기의 항미생물활성을 검정한 것으로 추출용매에 따른 항미생물활성은 gram양성균 3종과 gram음성균 2종 모두에서 ethylacetate 추출물들이 ether추출물들보다 전반적으로 높았다. 실험미생물 중 B. subtilis와 B. cereus에 대한 추출물들의 활성이 다른 실험미생물에 비하여 강하게 나타났으며 더위지기 추출물들이 사철쑥 추출물들에 비하여 높은 활성을 보였다. 추출용매에 따른 최소저해농도는 ethylacetate추출물이 ether추출물보다 낮은 농도에서 대부분의 미생물들의 생육을 억제하였고, 더위지기와 사철쑥 부위별로는 잎과 줄기에서 잎에 비하여 낮은 농도에서 미생물들의 생육을 억제하였으며 더위지기 추출물들의 최소저해농도가 사철쑥 추출물들보다 낮았다.총 폴리페놀함량은 사철쑥 잎과 줄기 추출물에서 27.57 mg/g으로 가장 높게 나타났으며 대체로 잎과 줄기 추출물에서 잎 추출물에서보다 높은 함량을 나타내었다.