• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.29-43
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• 2003

9Objective : We carried out this experimental study in order to investigate the effect of Chaenomelis Fructus(木瓜) extract and herbal-acupuncture on the arthritis induced by injecting Freund's complete adjuvant Method : 1. We categorized SD-rats into five groups as followings. (1) Control: Without any Treat (2) Treat I: treated by acupuncture (3) Treat II: treated by drinking 5% saline (4) Treat III: treated by drinking Chaenomelis Fructus(木瓜) extract (5) Treat IV: treated by Chaenomelis Fructus(木瓜) herbal-acupuncture 2. We established ten items for decision of experimental results as followings Edema rate, Pain endurance, WBC, Hemoglobin, Platelet, Total protein, Albumin, Globulin, RA factor, CRP Results : The groups that showed significant effects compared with Contol group were explained as followings. 1. Edema rate : Treat I , Treat III 2. Pain endurance : Treat I, Treat IV 3. WBC : Treat IV 4. Hemoglobin : Treat III 5. Plat99elet : Treat IV 6. Total protein : Treat I, Treat IV 7. Albumin : None 8. Globulin : Treat I, Treat IV 9. RA factor : Treat I, Treat IV 10. CRP : Treat IV Conclusion : Observing above experimental results, we can guess that the effects of acupuncture and Chaenomelis Fructus(木瓜) herbal-acupuncture on Freund's adjuvant arthritis are more superior than other ways. In addition, we can find that the latter is more better than the former in effect by two items(platelet, CRP).

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.111-116
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• 2016

Background: Inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) of the mandible is commonly used in the oral cavity as an anesthetic technique for dental procedures. This study evaluated the success rate of the first IANB administered by dental practitioners. Methods: Volunteer dental practitioners at Mahidol University who had never performed an INAB carried out 106 INAB procedures. The practitioners were divided into 12 groups with their advisors by randomized control trials. We recorded the success rate via pain visual analog scale (VAS) scores. Results: A large percentage of the dental practitioners (85.26%) used the standard method to locate the anatomical landmarks, injecting the local anesthetic at the correct position, with the barrel of the syringe parallel to the occlusal plane of the mandibular teeth. Further, 68.42% of the dental practitioners injected the local anesthetic on the right side by using the left index finger for retraction. The onset time was approximately 0-5 mins for nearly half of the dental practitioners (47.37% for subjective onset and 43.16% for objective onset), while the duration of the IANB was approximately 240-300 minutes (36.84%) after the initiation of numbness. Moreover, the VAS pain scores were $2.5{\pm}1.85$ and $2.1{\pm}1.8$ while injecting and delivering local anesthesia, respectively. Conclusions: The only recorded factor that affected the success of the local anesthetic was the administering practitioner. This reinforces the notion that local anesthesia administration is a technique-sensitive procedure.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.125-132
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• 2008

Background : The number of outpatient injected anticancer drug is increasing. and the pathway of prescribing, compounding, and injecting anticancer drug is processed very rapidly in out-patient department. Moreover, Dose of anticancer drug is often changed depending on side effect of patients. So we need more effective inspection of anticancer drug prescriptions. The purpose of this study was to analyze the prescription errors for anticancer drugs in Out-Patient Department and to suggest system to prevent them. Method : The study took place at Asan Medical Center from July to September 2007. The pharmacists performed inspection of anticancer drug prescriptions before compounding and injecting. We used protocol-based anticancer drug order program and Electronic Medical Record (EMR). Result : During the study period, we analyzed 4683 prescriptions for out-patient. And we detected 55 medication errors (1.2%). Most common errors included dosage above or below the correct ones (56.3%), followed by incorrect treatment duration. Because most of dosing errors were in the range of usual dosage, it was hard to detect them. So when inspecting the prescription, we considered the medical records of individual patients. As a result, we could raise the efficiency of intervention. Therefore inspection using EMR could possibly reduce the number of anticancer drug errors. Conclusion : we are preventing the medication errors on stability and dosage above or below the maximum therapeutic dose according to the previous inspection system. However most of dosing errors were in the range of usual dosage according to the result of this study. Because of there was interpatient variability of dosage depending adverse effect. For improvement of quality assurance, we suggest inspection system based on patient's medical history.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.43-49
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• 2022

This paper compares the sensorless control performance according to the applied voltage waveform by injecting sinusoidal, triangular, and square waveform in the harmonic injection sensorless control method. By injecting various voltage shape waveform with a frequency of 1kHz, the error amount of the estimated angle for each waveform is compared and analyzed. For the experiment, the HILS(hardware in the loop simulation) system was used. The hardware is the control board, and the inverter and motor models implemented in Simulik are located in the real-time simulator. The control algorithm is implemented by the FPGA control board, which includes a PWM interrupt service routine with a frequency of 10 kHz, harmonic injection and position detection sensorless algorithm.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.42-45
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• 2016

Purpose Neuracep is used to other diagnostic evaluations of the brain to estimate beta-amyloid neuritic plaque density in adult patients with cognitive impairment and inspected cognitive impairment. $^{18}F-Florbetaben$ specially has moderate lipophilicity and property of the added ethanol. It is the subject of interest of the patient pain and residual activity after injecting. Our study is effective injection method of the radiopharmaceutical and patient care. So it is for the highest quality image. Materials and Methods Patients were targeted 70 subjects, it was injected mean $259{\pm}74MBq$ to the patients ($^{18}F-FDG$: 20 subjects, $^{18}F-FP-CIT$: 20 subjects, $^{18}F-Florbetaben$: 30 subjects). After injection (reflusing 2 times, reflusing 3 times) using a 3-way set, it measured the residual activity. When injecting $^{18}F-Florbetaben$, we evaluated the effective injection methods(3-way set method and heparin cap method). The average residual activity after the injection was compared using a statistical analysis of SPSS 12.0(ANOVA, t-test analysis). Also, elemental analysis was performed on $^{18}F-Florbetaben$ by GC (Gas Chromatography). Results When reflusing 2 times measured residual activity as follows ($^{18}F-FDG$: 1.48 MBq, $^{18}F-FP-CIT$: 7.4 MBq, $^{18}F-Florbetaben$: 32.6 MBq). And when reflusing 3 times measured residual activity as follows ($^{18}F-FDG$: 1.85 MBq, $^{18}F-FP-CIT$: 3.7 MBq, $^{18}F-Florbetaben$: 36.3 MBq). There was a significant difference when reflusing 2 times(P < 0.05) and reflusing 3 times (P < 0.05). But when reflusing 3 times, there was no significant difference relation FDG and FP-CIT (P > 0.05). $^{18}F-Florbetaben$ Residual activity according to the injection method was a significant difference (P < 0.05). GC analysis results were measured ethanol: 207665 ppm and acceton: 377.4 ppm. Conclusion $^{18}F-Florbetaben$ was high residual activity compared to FDG and FP-CIT. Heparin cap method was effective when $^{18}F-Florbetaben$ was injected. $^{18}F-Florbetaben's$ ethanol component analysis was highly measured. So it is recommended that inject to 6 sec/ml or more in order to reduce the pain.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.17-23
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• 2006

This paper proposes a novel active frequency drift (AFD) method for the islanding prevention of grid-connected photovoltaic inverter. To detect the islanding phenomenon of grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) inverters concerning about the safety hazards and the damage to other electric equipments, many kinds of anti-islanding methods have been presented. Among them, AFD method using chopping fraction enables the islanding detection to drift up (or down) the frequency of the voltage during the islanding situation. In this paper, injecting the periodic zero current into the basic AFD method is proposed. This proposed method shows the analytical design value of cf to meet the test procedure of IEEE Std. 1547 with various load conditions. Detection of islanding is verified using simulation tool PSIM.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.171-176
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• 2018

An electronic paper display was fabricated by injecting electronic ink, including white and black particles coated by positive and negative charge control agents (CCA), respectively, into closed cells surrounded by micro-barriers. These two types of charged, colored particles are easily damaged or their charging value can be changed by the injection process; therefore, the electrical and optical properties of the image panel fabricated by the injection method were estimated in this study. The active particle-loading method, proposed as a new electronic ink injection process, was applied, and the electro-optical properties of the resulting three-electrode-type e-paper image panel were analyzed. The reflection rate of the white image-panel fabricated with our new injection method was 24.7%, while that of the same panel fabricated with a previously reported injection method was 19.8%. In addition, the response time was improved by about five times compared to those reported in other publications.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.68 no.3
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• pp.430-438
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• 2019

For a pump or a compressor motor, a high periodic load torque variation is induced by the mechanical works, and it causes system vibration and noise. To minimize these problems, load torque compensation method, injecting periodic torque current, could be utilized. However, with the sensorless control method, which is usually utilized in the pump and compressor for low cost, the periodic torque current degrades the accuracy of the rotor position estimation owing to the inductance variation. This paper analyzes the rotor position and speed estimation error of sensorless control method with constant motor parameters under period loading. Assuming the constant speed by the accurate load torque compensation, the speed error equation is derived in frequency domain with inductance depending on the stator current. Further, it is also shown that the rotor position error could be minimized by compensating the inductance variation. The simulation and experimental results verify that the derived speed error model and the validity of the inductance compensation method.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.46-52
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• 2022

As the consumer market in the eco-friendly vehicle industry grows, the demand for water pump in a electric car parts market. This study intend to propose a mathematical model that can verify the effect of improving thermal properties when a non-conductive cooling filler liquid is introduced into an electric vehicle water pump. Also, the pros and cons of the immersion cooling method and future development way were suggested by analyzing the cooling characteristics using on the derived analysis solution. Thermal characteristics analysis of electric water pump applied with non-conductive filler liquid was carried out, and the diffusion boundary condition in the motor body and the boundary condition the inside pump were expressed as a geometric model. As a result of analyzing the temperature change for the heat source of the natural convection method and the heat conduction method, the natural convection method has difficulty in dissipating heat because no decrease in temperature due to heat release was found even after 300 sec. Also, it can be seen that the heat dissipation effect was obtained even though the non-conductive filling liquid was applied at the 120 sec and 180 sec in the heat conduction method. It has proposed to minimize thermal embrittlement and lower motor torque by injecting a non-conductive filler liquid into the motor body and designing a partition wall thickness of 2.5 mm or less.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2003.03a
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• pp.85-92
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• 2003

Generally, ordinary portland cement(OPC) is widely used for grouting to reduce permeability of ground under the foundations of structures. But, it is hard to be injected into the microscopic voids, fissures and crevices in soil or rock formation for the OPC material. Therefore new method what is called MSG(Micro Silica Grouting) has been developed recently to improve the weak point of the OPC material. In this case study, in order to verify performance of the MSG's water cut-off, trial injections were performed in rear of CIP(Cast in Place Pile) on the site A(weathered soil) and B(alluvial soil) that are constructed for the subway No. 9 nowadays. To take the proper grouting method of the MSG in the trial injecting, the injections are carried out for grouting types(constant pressure or fixed Quantity) and grouting methods(1.5shot or 2.0shot) and to confirm the effects of water cut-off and the injection range of the MSG, the tests of permeability and indicator(phenolphthalein) response were performed before and after the injection. Through the tests results, we could affirm the effects of water cut-off of the MSG and the injection range for the weathered and alluvial soil layers near the Han River. Finally we could make sure the application of the MSG method in actual construction under the layers.