• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.233-250
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• 2013

Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of inpatients who were admitted to Korean medicine hospital due to traffic accident. Methods 1,162 traffic accident patients who were admitted to department of Korean Rehabilitation Medicine of Cheonan Korean Medicine Hospital, Dae-Jeon University from 1st, January, 2011 to 31th, December, 2012 were analyzed according to the medical charts. Results 1. The average treatment result was 3.22 and in most (71.52%) of the patients, symptoms were more than improved. 2. In distribution according to age and sex, people in their 30s numbered the most both in male (12.65%) and female (14.72%). The 1,162 inpatients comprised of 457 (39.33%) male and 705 (60.67%) female. 3. 541 (46.56%) patients admitted in 2011 and 621 (53.44%) patients admitted in 2012. 4. 695 (59.81%) patients visited Cheonan Korean Medicine Hospital within 0~2 days after their traffic accident, followed by 242 (20.83%) patients who visited within 3~5 days after their traffic accident. Patients who admitted earlier showed more improvement in symptoms. 5. The average admission days were 9.32 days. Most (57.66%) patients discharged within 1 week. 6. 825 (71.00%) patients were driving sedan at the time of accident, followed by 105 (9.04%) SUV owners and 71 (6.11%) pedestrians. 7. Rear-end collision accident numbered the most (45.61%), followed by lateral collision (24.35%) and frontal collision (14.72%). 8. Most frequently prescribed examination was X-ray (95.52%), followed by CT (8.69%) and MRI (3.01%). 9. Most frequently given diagnosis was sprain (1,126 (96.90%) patients), followed by concussion & abrasion (178 (15.32%) patients) and fracture (109 (9.38%) patients). 10. Most frequently given Korean medicine treatment was acupuncture (1,162 (100%) patients), followed by anti-inflammatory pharmacopuncture (652 (56.11%) patients) and moxibustion (462 (39.76%) patients). 11. Most frequently given Korean medicine physiotherapy was infra-red (1,161 (99.91%) patients), followed by cupping therapy (1,152 (99.14%) patients) and hotpack (1,137 (97.85%) patients). 12. Most frequently prescribed herb medicine was huishou-san (13.51%), followed by dangguixu-san (12.65%) and yaojiao-tang G (7.06%) Conclusions In this study, people in their 30s, females, within 0~2 days since the accident took the highest percentage from each category of patients who admitted to Korean Medicine Hospital due to traffic accident. Patients who admitted earlier showed more improvement in symptoms and also discharged earlier.

• Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.81-87
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• 2009

An indium-tin oxide (ITO) coated spinel manganese oxide (${LiMn_2}{O_4}$, LMO) is prepared and its high-temperature ($55^{\circ}C$) cycle performance and rate capability are examined. A severe electrolyte decomposition and film deposition is observed on the un-coated ${LiMn_2}{O_4}$ cathode, which leads to a significant electrode polarization and capacity fading. Such an electrode polarization is, however, greatly reduced for the ITO-coated (> 2 mol%) LMO cathode, which leads to an improved cycle performance. This can be rationalized by a suppression of electrolyte decomposition, which is in turn indebted to a decrease in the direct contact area between LMO and electrolyte. The suppression of film deposition on the ITO-coated LMO cathode is confirmed by infra-red spectroscopy. The rate capability is also improved by the surface coating, which may be resulted from a suppression of resistive film deposition and high electric conductivity of ITO itself.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.45-63
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• 2014

Objectives The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical characteristics in children and adolescents with peripheral facial palsy that was treated with Korean medicine. Methods The study was conducted based on 284 cases that consisted of 261 children (less than 19 years old) who visited the hospital of Korean medicine from August 2010 to August 2014. Then, this study was analyzed by reviewing the patients' charts. Results The incidence of facial palsy in pediatric patients was more common in boys than in girls and the mean age was 11.2 years. The prevalence of facial palsy was more common in winter and most were diagnosed with Bell's palsy. Recurrence was identified in 12.6% of the patients. The average age of the first attack was 9.5 years. It took about 3.2 years for recurrence to occur from the first onset. It took about 5 days to visit the hospital of Korean medicine from the onset. 81% of the patients came within 1 week from the onset. 50.7% of the cases did not receive any treatment before and 49.3% were previously treated at other hospitals. More than half of the patients (65.1%) received Korean medicine first. 54.6% of the patients were hospitalized and 45.4% received outpatient treatments in the hospital of Korean medicine. Outpatient treatments were administered about 11.5 times while hospitalized patients were treated for an average of 16.6 days. In general, hospitalized patients were treated more often than the outpatient group. An overall average duration of treatment was 70.6 days from the onset of facial palsy until the last day of treatment, and 53.0 days from the first day of treatment until the last day of treatment. 41.5% of the cases were treated only with Korean medicine and 49.0% were treated with a combination of Korean and Western medicine. The types of Korean medicine treatment used for facial palsy in descending order of frequency were acupuncture, Infra red, herbal medicine, SSP therapy, electro-acupuncture, carbone, hot pack, cupping, and moxibustion. The treatments that were most frequently used from Western medicines were steroid as monotherapy (61.7%) and a combination of steroids and antiviral therapy (37.6%). Conclusions This result showed that the risk of facial palsy recurrence among children is relatively high and that facial palsy requires a long-term treatment. It's helpful to explain about prognosis, treatment duration, and recurrence potential in children. Facial palsy in children is treated in various ways but more studies about the therapeutic effects of Korean medicine, Western medicine, and combination of Korean-Western medicine in children are needed.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.40.1-40.1
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• 2010

The Main payload of the STSAT-3 (Korea Science & Technology Satellite-3), MIRIS (Multipurpose Infra-Red Imaging System) has been developed for last 3 years by KASI, and its Flight Model (FM) is now being developed as the final stage. All optical lenses and the opto-mechanical components of the FM have been completely fabricated with slight modifications that have been made to some components based on the Engineering Qualification Model (EQM) performances. The components of the telescope have been assembled and the test results show its optical performances are acceptable for required specifications in visual wavelength (@633 nm) at room temperature. The ensuing focal plane integration and focus test will be made soon using the vacuum chamber. The MIRIS mechanical structure of the EQM has been modified to develop FM according to the performance and environment test results. The filter-wheel module in the cryostat was newly designed with Finite Element Analysis (FEM) in order to compensate for the vibration stress in the launching conditions. Surface finishing of all components were also modified to implement the thermal model for the passive cooling technique. The FM electronics design has been completed for final fabrication process. Some minor modifications of the electronics boards were made based on EQM test performances. The ground calibration tests of MIRIS FM will be made with the science grade Teledyne PICNIC IR-array.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.55.2-55.2
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• 2010

한국천문연구원은 과학기술위성 3호의 주탑재체인 다목적 적외선영상시스템(Multipurpose Infra-Red Imaging System, MIRIS)을 개발하고 있다. 이 연구개발 사업은 2007년 교육과학기술부의 과학위성 3호 사업 주탑재체 공모를 통하여 10여개의 후보 탑재체 제안서 중에서 최종적으로 채택되었고, 2011년 발사를 목표로, 3년 동안의 연구개발 기간을 거쳐 현재 비행모델 (FM, Flight Model) 개발이 진행 중이다. MIRIS는 한국천문연구원이 개발하여 2003년 발사에 성공한 과학위성 1호 주탑재체인 원자외선 영상분광기 (FIMS, Far ultra-violet IMaging Spectroscope)에 이어 국내에서 자체 개발되는 두 번째 우주망원경이다. MIRIS는 우주공간에서 0.9~2 micron 사이 적외선 영역의 파쉔 알파 방출선 (Paschen Alpha Emiision Line)과 광대역 I, H 파장영역을 관측할 예정이다. 주요 과학임무로는 아직까지 국제 천문학계에서 잘 알려지지 않은 우리은하 내부에 분포한 고온 플라즈마 (Warm Ionized Medium, WIM)의 기원 연구와 아울러 우리은하 성간난류(Interstellar Turbulence)의 특성 및 적외선 우주배경복사의 (Cosmic Infrared Background; CIB) 거대구조 등을 관측연구할 예정이다. 특히 MIRIS는 저온상태 (절대온도 77K, 약 $-200^{\circ}C$)에서 우주공간 관측을 수행할 예정이므로, 국내에서는 연구기반이 취약한 극저온 광학계 및 기계부 설계기술, 극저온 냉각기술 및 열해석 설계기술과 적외선 센서기술 및 자료처리 기술 등 관련기술을 개발하고 있으며 이러한 기반기술을 바탕으로, 아직까지 국내에서 시도된 바 없는 적외선우주망원경 개발을 통하여, 우리나라의 관련 우주기술 분야의 기초원천 기술로서 크게 활용될 것으로 기대하고 있다.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.49-64
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• 2008

Recently, many researches about making more comfortable input device based on gaze detection technology have been done in human computer interface. However, the system cost becomes high due to the complicated hardware and there is difficulty to use the gaze detection system due to the complicated user calibration procedure. In this paper, we propose a new gaze detection method based on the 2D analysis and a simple user calibration. Our method used a small USB (Universal Serial Bus) camera attached on a HMD (Head-Mounted Display), hot-mirror and IR (Infra-Red) light illuminator. Because the HMD is moved according to user's facial movement, we can implement the gaze detection system of which performance is not affected by facial movement. In addition, we apply our gaze detection system to 3D first person shooting game. From that, the gaze direction of game character is controlled by our gaze detection method and it can target the enemy character and shoot, which can increase the immersion and interest of game. Experimental results showed that the game and gaze detection system could be operated at real-time speed in one desktop computer and we could obtain the gaze detection accuracy of 0.88 degrees. In addition, we could know our gaze detection technology could replace the conventional mouse in the 3D first person shooting game.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.515-523
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• 2012

The objective of this study was to investigate the variability in broiler performance, apparent metabolisable energy (AME) and ileal digestible energy (IDE) between five different maize samples fed with and without xylanase at 16,000 U/kg. Various in vitro characterisations were conducted to determine if any could predict performance or AME. Samples of the maize were harvested in five diverse regions and fed individually in a mash diet as follows (g/kg): test maize 608.3; soya bean meal (SBM) 324.1; poultry fat 25.2; salt 4.6; met 2.6; lys 1.6; thr 0.5; limestone 9.7, dical 18.4; vit/min 5.0; CP 210 and ME (kcal/kg) 3,085. The diets were fed to 720 broilers with 6 replicates, each containing 12 birds per treatment, from 0 to 18 d of age. Maize samples were analysed for starch, protein, crude fibre, fat, protein solubility index (PSI) and vitreousness using near infra red reflectance spectroscopy (NIR). They were also assayed using an in vitro starch digestibility method. The results showed that there was no effect of harvest region on the feed intake (FI), body weight gain (BWG) or feed conversion ratio (FCR) of the broilers over the 18 d period (p = 0.959, 0.926, 0.819 respectively). There was an improvement in all parameters with the addition of xylanase (FI p = 0.011; BWG and FCR p<0.001). There was a significant positive effect of xylanase on IDE, AME, IDE Intake (IDEI) and AME intake (AMEI) (p<0.0001 in all cases). Although there was no significant effect of maize source, there was a strong trend towards variability in IDE (p = 0.066) and AME (p = 0.058). There were no significant correlations (p<0.05) between any proximate or physiochemical values and any performance or AME values. This may suggest that none of those selected were suitable predictors for performance or AME. The broilers performed well according to the breed guidelines, with slightly increased FI, increased BWG and similar FCR prior to the addition of xylanase. When FCR and BWG were analysed with FI as a covariate, xylanase addition remained significant suggesting that the improvement in BWG and FCR was driven by an increase in digestibility and nutrient availability.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.60-65
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• 2013

In this paper, we propose a high-resolution disparity map generation method using a low-resolution time-of-flight (TOF) depth camera and color camera. The TOF depth camera is efficient since it measures the range information of objects using the infra-red (IR) signal in real-time. It also quantizes the range information and provides the depth image. However, there are some problems of the TOF depth camera, such as noise and lens distortion. Moreover, the output resolution of the TOF depth camera is too small for 3D applications. Therefore, it is essential to not only reduce the noise and distortion but also enlarge the output resolution of the TOF depth image. Our proposed method generates a depth map for a color image using the TOF camera and the color camera simultaneously. We warp the depth value at each pixel to the color image position. The color image is segmented using the mean-shift segmentation method. We define a cost function that consists of color values and segmented color values. We apply a weighted average filter whose weighting factor is defined by the random walk probability using the defined cost function of the block. Experimental results show that the proposed method generates the depth map efficiently and we can reconstruct good virtual view images.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.165-173
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• 2012

In this work, scientific and systematic analysis was conducted for finding out the methods and techniques of ancient ink stick making. Analysis the ancient ink stick on ancient documents and wooden writing as letter or painting, we concluded as followings. From the analysis of ancient wood by dendrochronology, wood was cut at 1899, which provided the information on the year of ink stick's made on writing on ancient wood. Single particle size for soot of ancient ink stick was 107 nm for ink on the roof-filling timber in Sinsunwonjeon of Changdeok Palace, compared to 38 to 86 nm on the letter on ancient 12 paper document. Aggregate particle size was 370 nm for ink on the roof-filling timber in Sinsunwonjeon of Changdeok Palace, but 206 to 318 nm for aggregate particle size on 12 paper documents. There was similar pattern between single particle size and aggregate particle size of soot, which might provide the information of raw material for ancient ink. From infra-red and Raman spectroscopic analysis of sheet of writing on paper or wood, there was severe interference from background material (paper or wood). From Raman spectroscopic analysis of ancient ink carefully separated from ancient wood, spectrum pattern was closer to ink stick made by the soot from pine burning.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.49-54
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• 2017

As the Radiofrequency(RF) increases with the magnetic field strength, the wavelength of the RF excitation field becomes smaller, which leads to more the thermal effect in the human-body placed in the electric field. MRI scanner used was GE signa 1.5T, HDx 3.0T and Philips 3.0T with same routine clinical sequence protocol. Therefore temperature was measured before and after each scan. Taken the temperatures in the ear with ear infra-red type thermometer(Braun co). 3.0T were temperature increases more than $0.15^{\circ}C$ and GE 3.0T MRI equipment about $0.14^{\circ}C$ higher than the Philips 3.0T MRI(p<0.012). Psychogenic status was investigated by the survey respondents about their status can not just answer therefore, a little different from the expected. In our study of Thermal effect of clinical MRI with clinical protocol sequence, we found that the 3.0T in the body-temperature rise was greater than the 1.5T. Therefore, in clinical 3.0T examine the dangerous situation caused by the temperature rise occurred (burns, impaired thermoregulatory mechanism in patients with high-temperature damage, exhaustion occurs due to excessive sweating), not to appear the more watched the patient's condition with procedure.