• The Mathematical Education
• /
• v.63 no.2
• /
• pp.335-350
• /
• 2024

This study explored the factors that influence elementary school teachers' intention to use an artificial intelligence (AI) math learning system and analyzed the interactions and relationships among these factors. Based on the technology acceptance model, perceived usefulness for math learning, perceived ease of use of AI, and attitude toward using AI were analyzed as the main variables. Data collected from a survey of 215 elementary school teachers was used to analyze the relationships between the variables using structural equation modeling. The results of the study showed that perceived usefulness for math learning and perceived ease of use of AI significantly influenced teachers' positive attitudes toward AI math learning systems, and positive attitudes significantly influenced their intention to use AI. These results suggest that it is important to positively change teachers' perceptions of the effectiveness of using AI technology in mathematics instruction and their attitudes toward AI technology in order to effectively adopt and utilize AI-based mathematics education tools in the future.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2024

The purpose of this study is to explore the direction of elderly education in the age of science and technology. The research contents to achieve the research purpose are, first, to examine the current status of elderly education, and second, to suggest the direction of elderly education in the age of science and technology. Due to the current status of education for the elderly, education for the elderly continues to change and develop, and various programs and activities are provided to help the elderly enjoy a richer retirement life. According to the survey report on the elderly, 11.9% of all elderly people participate in learning activities. Senior welfare centers accounted for the largest number of institutions conducting learning activities for elderly education learning activities participants at 35.5%. First, in the direction of elderly education in the age of science and technology, education on the use of digital technology and information is necessary in the composition of elderly education contents. Second, in the case of elderly education methods, customized elderly education methods are needed. Third, in the case of operating elderly education institutions, specialized education centers for elderly education must be further strengthened and supported. The international community is already forming a consensus that the establishment of new social systems and financial investment due to the increase in the elderly population should be considered a new growth engine rather than a social crisis. Although there is a burden on the social security sector due to the increase in the elderly population, there is a shift in the direction of recognizing the potential capabilities and experiences of the elderly and returning them to social resources. Elderly education in the age of science and technology needs to change to a direction that can build a healthy and progressive society in the future.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.91-111
• /
• 2024

Most of utility cable tunnels are constructed utilizing shield TBM as part of the underground transmission line project. The TBM chamber is the only space inside the tunnel that encounters rock and soil, and is the place with the highest frequency of accident exposure, such as collapse and collision accidents. Since there is currently no way to measure the disc cutter wear from outside the chamber, frequent inspection by workers is essential. Accordingly, in this study, in order to prevent safety accidents inside the TBM chamber and expect the effect of shortening the construction period by reducing the number of chamber openings, the concept of disk cutter wear measurement technology was established and a prototype was produced. By considering prior technology and determining that magnetic sensors are most suitable for the excavation environment, wear measurement sensor package were developed integrating magnetic sensors, wireless communication modules, power supply, external casing, and monitoring systems. To verify the performance of the prototype in an actual excavation environment, a full-scale tunnelling test was performed using a 3.6 m EPB shield TBM. Based on the full-scale tests, five prototypes were operated normally among eight prototypes. It was analyzed that sensor measurement, wireless communication, and durability performance were secured within a maximum thrust of 3,000 kN and a rotation speed of 1.5 RPM.

• Journal of Ginseng Culture
• /
• v.6
• /
• pp.116-134
• /
• 2024

This study aimed to identify the issues in Korean ginseng exports through analyzing the ginseng market. Therefore, the study examined the current ginseng production status in South Korea and China, the major ginseng-producing countries in Northeast Asia, including cultivated areas, harvested areas, and production volumes. For South Korea, specific data on ginseng, such as average prices, operating costs, and production costs, were compiled to demonstrate the production competitiveness of Korean ginseng from a production perspective. Furthermore, as major ginseng-exporting countries, South Korea, China, and Hong Kong's export trends, including export quantities, export values, and export prices, as well as crucial export items and tariff rates, were summarized to showcase the export competitiveness of Korean ginseng. Additionally, this study aimed to understand the consumption patterns of ginseng in China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan by presenting various cases and events in these countries. Based on information related to production, export, and consumption, this study identified obstacles in the ginseng export process, including market downturns, weakened price competitiveness of Korean ginseng, increased market share of competing products like Chinese and Western ginseng, a lack of promotion and marketing, and insufficient development and export of various ginseng products. In response, strategies for overcoming these obstacles were proposed, including diversifying exports, establishing effective production systems, enhancing quality and branding, strengthening promotion and marketing efforts, and developing various ginseng products.

• Journal of Ginseng Culture
• /
• v.6
• /
• pp.80-104
• /
• 2024

Ginseng, a representative medicinal plant of South Korea, is also highly valued in North Korea. However, due to limited access to information about North Korea, the actual cultivation, research and development trends, and related industry status of ginseng in North Korea are not well known. In this study, we aimed to understand the current status and research trends of the ginseng industry in North Korea based on limited available literature. In the North Korean pharmacopoeia, ginseng is referred to as "Koryo ginseng" and is defined as the roots of 6-year-old ginseng cultivated in the Kaesong region. The pharmacopoeia includes 22 types of ginseng preparations. In addition, 10 ginseng preparations are included in North Korea's Essential Drug List, and various health supplements, cosmetics, and toothpastes containing ginseng have been developed, distributed, and sold. Since 2014, the ginseng industry and research in North Korea have become more active overall. During this period, the ginseng cultivation area in Kaesong has been significantly expanded, and the facilities have been renovated. The Kaesong Koryo Ginseng Processing Plant has been equipped with sterilized, modernized facilities since 2016 and has been in operation. Since 2017, there has been a growing interest in quality control research, leading to the introduction of quality management regulations and certification systems in 2019. In the 1990s, there was significant research on ginseng product development, and since the 2000s, studies on the pharmacological effects and clinical research of ginseng have been reported. Additionally, research on ginseng cultivation and ginseng processing industries to increase yield has been emphasized. Ginseng, as a representative medicinal crop of Korea, holds great importance for both South and North Korea. Given its significance and the potential for synergy through mutual cooperation, ginseng serves as an ideal subject for inter-Korean exchange and collaboration.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.113 no.1
• /
• pp.51-65
• /
• 2024

Phyto-sociological methods were used in this study to assess the vegetation structure of a forest stand at Mt. Goehwa in Sejong-Si with the aim of providing vegetation information for urban forest utilization and management plans. The actual forest vegetation was classified into two types of community groups (Quercus serrata-Lindera obtusiloba and Coreopsis lanceolata community groups) at the highest hierarchical level. The Q. serrata-L. obtusiloba community group was classified into six units, which included artificial forest and natural forest vegetation. Artificial forests were classified into three communities (Pinus rigida, Castanea crenata, and Robinia pseudoacacia), whereas natural forests were classified into three communities (Quercus variabilis, Quercus acutissimaa, and Pinus densiflora). The Coreopsis lanceolata community group, which exhibited vegetative characteristics of urban forest edge areas, was categorized into four units. The urban forest edges were classified into four communities (Indigofera bungeana, Lespedeza bicolor, Amorpha fruticosa, and Lespedeza cuneata). Accordingly, the vegetation structure of Mt. Goehwa was categorized into 10 vegetation unit systems. An importance value analysis showed the highest importance value for C. crenata at 6.7%, followed by P. rigida at 6.4%, and R. pseudoacacia at 6.3%, indicating that the ecological impact of plantation species can be significant on Mt. Goehwa. A community coefficient of similarity analysis revealed that the artificial and natural forests had similar species compositions; however, both forests differed from the urban forest edge. This variation was further confirmed by Detrended correspondence analysis(DCA), with similar results. Canonical correspondence analysis(CCA) showed that the artificial forest and natural forest community types were positively correlated with altitude, bare rock, and the present species. By contrast, the urban forest edge community types were negatively correlated with these factors.

• Journal of Venture Innovation
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.167-182
• /
• 2024

The aim of this study is to empirically explore the operational spillover effect among companies within chaebol groups, prominent corporate conglomerates in South Korea. Chaebols are known for their horizontal and vertical integration, fostering close collaboration among their constituent companies from a supply chain standpoint. Existing literature highlights the sharing of tangible and intangible resources within chaebol structures, leading to increased efficiency by minimizing transaction costs through resource sharing. This research investigates whether operational management performance within chaebol structures can be transmitted through cooperative resource utilization. To achieve this objective, we categorize leading companies and affiliate companies within chaebols and examine whether the operational management performance of leading companies significantly influences that of affiliate companies. Data on conglomerates, as defined by the Korea Fair Trade Commission, were collected, along with information on companies within these groups. Subsequently, the company with the highest revenue within each group was identified as the leading company, while the remaining companies were designated as affiliate companies. Our analysis reveals a significant positive relationship between the performance of inventory and facility resource management of leading companies and that of affiliate companies. This study sheds light on the transfer of operational management performance within conglomerates from a managerial perspective, underscoring the importance of reinforcing cooperation systems within the chaebol group. Furthermore, this research contributes to the academic discourse by delineating conglomerates from an operational management perspective and empirically demonstrating the transfer effect of operational management performance.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• v.66 no.1
• /
• pp.135-144
• /
• 2024

The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of feeding frequency on a sow's reproductive performance and stress response during gestation. A total of twenty multiparous sows (Yorkshire × Landrace) were used in a completely randomized design based on their parity, body weight (BW), and backfat thickness (BFT), and the sows were allotted to two different feeding systems: 1) once daily feeding (OF) and 2) twice daily feeding (TF) in corn-soybean meal based diets. The gestation diet was formulated to contain 3,265 kcal of metabolizable energy (ME) / kg, 12.90% of crude protein (CP), and 0.75 % of total lysine. The lactation diet was formulated to contain 3,265 kcal of ME / kg, 16.80% of CP, and 1.08% of total lysine and provided ad libitum during lactation. In gestation, sow BFT and BF changes were not affected by feeding frequency, but higher BW and BW gain from day 35 to 90 and day 35 to 110 were observed in OF sow (p < 0.10). In lactation, feeding frequency did not influence on BW, BW gain, BFT, BF changes, average daily feed intake, and wean-to-estrus interval. Also, there were no differences in litter size, litter weight and piglet weight in lactating sows. OF sows had higher (p < 0.05; p < 0.10) protein, solid-not-fat, and total solid concentrations in colostrum compared to TF sows, while OF sows had a lower (p < 0.05) lactose concentration in colostrum compared to TF sows. Sows in OF showed significantly lower average daily water consumption (ADWC) from day 35 to 110 of gestation (p < 0.05). While there were no significant differences in stereotypic behaviors and salivary cortisol levels during gestation between treatments, the OF sows showed less time spending on the activity at day 105 (p < 0.05). In conclusion, reduced feeding frequency increased BW gain during gestation, decreased activation time, and changed the colostrum composition. This information may contribute to the understanding of the physiological and behavioral change of gestating sows by manipulating feeding frequency.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• v.66 no.4
• /
• pp.717-725
• /
• 2024

The Hanwoo traceability system currently utilizes 11 dinucleotide repeat microsatellite (MS) markers. However, dinucleotide repeat markers are known to have a high incidence of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) artifacts, such as stutter bands, which can complicate the accurate reading of alleles. In this study, we examined the polymorphisms of the 11 dinucleotide repeat MS markers currently employed in traceability systems. Additionally, we explored four trinucleotide repeat MS markers and one tetranucleotide repeat MS marker in a sample of 1,106 Hanwoo cattle. We also assessed the potential utility of the tri- and tetranucleotide repeat MS markers. The polymorphic information content (PIC) of the five tri- and tetranucleotide repeat markers ranged from 0.663 to 0.767 (mean: 0.722), sufficiently polymorphic and slightly higher than the mean (0.716) of the current 11 dinucleotide repeat markers. Using all 16 markers, the mean PIC was 0.718. The estimated probability of identity (PI) was 3.13 × 10^-12 using the 11 dinucleotide repeat markers, 7.03 × 10^-6 using the five tri- and tetranucleotide repeat markers, and 2.39 × 10^-17 using all 16 markers; the respective PI_half-sibs values were 2.69 × 10^-9, 1.29 × 10^-4, and 3.42 × 10^-13; and the respective PIsibs values were 3.89 × 10^-5, 9.6 × 10^-3, and 3.69 × 10^-7. The probability of exclusion1 (PE₁) was 0.999864 for the 11 dinucleotide repeat markers, 0.981141 for five of the tri- and tetranucleotide repeat markers, and > 0.99 for all 16 markers; the respective PE₂ values were 0.994632, 0.901369, and > 0.99; and the respective PE₃ values were 0.998702, > 0.99, and > 0.99. The five investigated triand tetranucleotide repeat MS markers can be used in combination with the 11 existing MS markers to improve the accuracy of individual identification and paternity testing in Hanwoo.

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
• /
• v.77
• /
• pp.251-276
• /
• 2024

This study aimed to enhance the educational competencies of instructors and improve the quality of higher education by identifying instructing types, developing an assessment diagnostic tool, and designing a customized faculty training curriculum for each type. To achieve this, a literature review and Delphi research were conducted. The results are summarized as follows: First, instructing types such as 'Star Lecturer', 'Learning Mentor', and 'Designer' were identified through the analysis of previous studies. Second, a diagnostic tool for determining an instructor's type was developed by modifying and enhancing Grasha's Teaching Style Inventory, which is widely used both domestically and internationally. This tool comprises 24 questions, with 8 questions for each type. Third, a curriculum was designed for each instructing type, consisting of common courses necessary for all types and specialized courses tailored to the characteristics of each type. The common courses cover essentials for lesson design, implementation, and evaluation, while the specialized courses cater to the unique needs of each instructing type. Fourth, the developed model, tools, and curriculum underwent validation. A Delphi method was employed with a group of 10 experts, leading to revisions and finalizations based on their feedback. This study has laid the groundwork for instructors to identify their own teaching styles and receive customized training, thereby enhancing their teaching effectiveness and overall educational quality. However, further research is necessary to develop systems and mechanisms for the operationalization of these findings, including incentives for instructors and strategies for disseminating information among participants.