• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.147-165
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• 2017

Recently, there have been numerous issues about password breaches and it is becoming important for the users to manage their passwords. In practice, the online service provider are asking the online users to change their passwords periodically. However, majority of the users are not changing their passwords regularly, and this can increase the risk of password breach. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether 'fear appeals' and 'message framing' enhance the behavior of changing passwords by the online users. Furthermore, we identify the mechanism on how the behavior of changing passwords is enabled using protection motivation theory. The results of an online experiment show that the online users who are exposed to 'fear appeals' perceived a more vulnerability and severity of password breaches, which in turn, increased the intention of changing their password. In addition, we found that perceived severity of password breaches affect fear positively. Moreover, we found that fear has significant impact on the willingness of changing passwords. Finally, Message framing plays a moderating role between fear and change intentions. That is, in a situation where 'fear appeal' is presented, it means that 'gain framing' is more effective than 'loss framing' These findings suggest that the online service providers may need to use 'fear appeals' to the online users. Security managers can address issues related to the password breaches by carefully designing 'fear appeals'.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.33-41
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• 2008

Due to the advantage of wavelet transform such as the compatibility with JPEG2000, multi-resolution decomposition, and application of HVS(Human Visual System), watermarking algorithm based on wavelet transform (DWT) is recently mast interesting research subject. However, mast of researches are focused on theoretical aspects for the robustness rather than practical usage, and. may be not suitable too much complicated to use in practice. In this paper, robust logo watermarking algorithm based on DWT is proposed for large and huge data processing. The proposed method embeds the logo watermark by mapping of $8{\times}8$ blocks in order of the number of '1' of the original image and the randomized watermark image with LFSR. The original image is transformed by 2 level wavelet. The experimental results shows that the watermark is embedded successfully, and the proposed algorithm has the valuable robustness from the image processing like JPEG compression, low pass filter, high pass filter and changes in brightness and contrast.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.199-208
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• 2016

This study examined the trends and practices of disaster welfare in Japan, particularly with the point of view of the community response. This study summarized the experiences and implications of Japan's disaster welfare. First, it is necessary to establish a foundation and linkage of support networks. In case of a disaster, the linkages among administrations, social work institutions, and community residents are required to understand the accurate situation and needs, and to develop resources. In particular, the constitution of DWAT was submitted for initial intervention. Second, the establishment of a manpower dispatching system is needed for emergency situations. In addition, the methods to cover the entire areas by system are needed. Third, the intervention of psychological treatment was shown have a low agreement rate among specialists. Fourth, it is necessary to have guidelines so that privacy protection is compatible with disaster support in a disaster welfare practice process.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.153-160
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was done to examine the level of compliance and the relation of related factors of nosocomial infection control among nurses in emergency rooms. The data will provide fundamental information for developing programs for nosocomial infection control in the emergency room. Method: Study participants were 183 nurses working in emergency rooms in general hospitals that had more than 500 beds and were located in Daegu, Daejeun, and Pusan. The survey was carried out from March 7 to March 26, 2006 and a structured questionnaire was used. Descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA and Sheffe test with SPSS 14.0 were used to analyze the data. Results: The average level for practice of infection control was relatively low Levels of compliance were high when the participants had: 1) regular conferences for nosocomial infection control, 2) positive perception of protection devices, 3) knowledge of whom to report and experiences of reporting needle stick injuries, 4) hospital guidelines for infection control and 5) enough equipment supplies from the hospital. Conclusion: Nosocomial infection control among emergency room nurses could be improved via personal, psychosocial, and organizational factors and related education.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.588-609
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• 2018

The objective of this study is to provide information for improving the domestic particulate matter (PM) management. To achieve the study goal, we reviewed the past and current practice of PM management in the United States (US). Our review includes the assessment about the philosophical foundation and effectiveness of PM management, systematic program implementation to reach desirable PM conditions, and steady development of analytical tools including photochemical air quality models. We noticed that the current US PM management approach has improved annual $PM_{2.5}$ concentrations 22-48% in various parts of the US in the last 16 years. In addition, we analyzed strengths and difficulties in the past US PM management implementation. Based on the results of our analyses, we propose key elements to establish more effective domestic PM management in the future than now: steady investment in technological innovations and close-communications between local governments and the central government at various stages of PM management.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.295-329
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• 2012

A medical malpractice case requires special legal protection, considering its characteristics, such as seriousness and long term effects of its damages, medical information asymmetry between practitioners and patients, and difficulties in realization of liability. Taking the points above into consideration, Medical Malpractice Arbitration Act of 2012(MAA) has legislative intent to protect the rights of the injured from medical malpractice, while protecting the stability of medical practice by providing arbitration as an alternative dispute resolution. However, constitutional review is required for one new scheme of compensation for medical injuries during delivery, which is implemented in MAA of 2012, especially with regard to freedom to exercise occupation, property, equality under the Constitution. Two important aspects are 1. according to the law, absolute liability applies to compensation for damages during delivery without negligence of practitioners; and 2. the practitioner bears some portion of the cost, 30% in the law above. This article aims to analyze this new institution in various aspects of the Constitution, and, as a result, it does not comply with constitutional criteria.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.684-695
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• 2010

Geographic information system (GIS) is being increasingly used for decision making, planning and agricultural environment management because of its analytical capacity. GIS and remote sensing have been combined with environmental models for many agricultural applications on monitoring of soils, agricultural water quality, microbial activity, vegetation and aquatic insect distribution. This paper introduce principles, vegetation indices, spatial data structure, spatial analysis of GIS and remote sensing in agricultural applications including terrain analysis, soil erosion, and runoff potential. National Academy of Agricultural Science (NAAS), Rural Development Administration (RDA) has a spatial database of agricultural soils, surface and underground water, weeds, aquatic insect, and climate data, and established a web-GIS system providing spatial and temporal variability of agricultural environment information since 2007. GIS-based interactive mapping system would encourage researchers and students to widely utilize spatial information on their studies with regard to agricultural and environmental problem solving combined with other national GIS database. GIS and remote sensing will play an important role to support and make decisions from a national level of conservation and protection to a farm level of management practice in the near future.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.685-694
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• 1998

Protection of groundwater resources from contamination has been of increasing concern throughout the past decades. In practice, however, groundwater monitoring is performed based on the experience and intuition of experts or on the convenience. In dealing with groundwater contamination, we need to know what contaminants have the potential to threat the water quality and the distribution and concentration of the plumes. Monitoring of the subsurface environment through remote geophysical techniques or direct sampling from wells can provide such information. Once known, the plume can be properly managed. Evaluation of existing methodologies for groundwater monitoring network design revealed that one should select an appropriate design method based on the purpose of the network and the availability of field information. Integer programming approach, one of the general purpose network design tools, and a cost to-go function evaluation approach for special purpose network design were tested for field applicability. For the sam contaminated aquifer, two approaches resulted in different well locations. The amount of information, however, was about the same.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.36
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• pp.109-132
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• 2006

It is difficult to found the concept of public interest properly, being ambiguous to distinguish media and service as to the convergence of broadcasting and telecommunications. Accordingly, it is necessary to found the concept of public interest not related to the character of media and service in the age of digital convergence. Therefore this study intended to re-found the concept of public interest, as to industrial changes in the age of convergence of broadcasting and telecommunications. The convergence of broadcasting and telecommunications causes the changes of value chain, which includes contents, platform, network, terminal. It could not help avoiding modifying the industrial structure of broadcasting and telecommunications, because of the changes of value chain. The changes of industrial structure needs the changes of ideology, regulatory policy, regulatory system, and it creates the foundation of new regulatory idea. The purpose of regulatory idea in the age of digital convergence is to practice public interest, and it is an ultimate purpose to increase consumers' welfare. Consequently, for increasing comsumer' welfare, it is necessary to achieve diversity, fairness, objectivity, the preservation of social value in the aspect of contents. Also in the aspect of platform, it is necessary to achieve the protection of privacy, consumer protection, harmful information blocking, and in the aspect of network, it is necessary to achieve the maintenance of secure network, fair competition. Finally, in the aspect of terminal, it is necessary to achieve the maintenance of compatibility, the solution for digital divide. Then regulatory policy of each value chain from a legal and institutional perspective, should be promoted to provide public interest, step by step.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.35-46
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• 2006

Objectives: In recently. the management and protection on individual information in patient's medical & nursing records have been very important, and that need a guideline. The purpose of this study was to investigate the status of using the patient's nursing records of nursing students in clinical practice, to find and discuss the patient's informed consent, and status of education and management concerned to patient's nursing records. Methods: This study used a mailing survey. data collected from September 24th to October 31th in 2002. The subject were 333 professors who are major in adult nursing, pediatric nursing, psychological nursing of 111 university of nursing department and nursing college. And then we received the survey mail from 103 professors that respondent rate was 30.9%. Results: The characteristics of study subjects showed 49.0% of university. 51.0% of college of nursing. 50.0% of the subjects practiced point the patient by oral approval in clinical practice. But when the decision of the patient was very difficult, 21.6% of the subjects take to informed consent from his or her families. During the clinical practice, 49.0% of the subjects were explain to patient about clinical practice and contents of the nursing student, only 7.8% of the subjects were explain to patient with nursing records. 52.0% of the subjects were took out records from the hospital, only 17.6% of the subjects had standard of the patient's informed consent and standard of handling practice records. 17.6%-92.2% of the subjects that educate and manage concern to patient's nursing records.