• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2000

For a profound understanding about the elementary students' scientific attitude, I have performed this study based on the students' opinion by the ethnographic interview and participant observation of science classes. I have analyzed the data by qualitative data analyzing method, and compared the analyzed results with analyzed results by the Likert's scaled as il questionnaire method. To perform this study, I selected one elementary school located in an agricultural village in Choong-Buk Province in Korea and studied four 5th grade students. Here, I present results of this study as follows. First, in ethnographic interview, all informants represented positive reaction to scientific curiosity. But, It is appeared that there are external curiosity and internal curiosity. Internal curiosity is more closely and positively related to problem solving skills. Second, all informants represented positive open-mindness expressing their own opinions actively and accepting other students' opinions. Students who had positive critical-mindness and voluntariness recorded high scores in science achievement. Third, scientific attitude analyzed by ethnographic methods didn't correspond with scientific attitude measured by Likert's scale in all cases. I presumed this discrepant result could come from subjects' different tendency on replying to questionnaire and students' own criterion.

• 대한음성학회지:말소리
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• 제25_26호
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• pp.52-64
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• 1993

This paper aims to explore the rhythmic phenomena of standard Korean by an experimental phonetic method. A total of 16 informants taking part in this experiment were divided into four groups : old males(OM) and old females(OF) in their fifties and young males(YM) and young females(YF) in their twenties. The informants were asked to read speech data consisting of two rhythmic units, each of which began with a stressed syllable with a long wowel. Starting with the frame / 'ma:1 'ma:nta /, the first rhythmic unit was expanded up to five syllables in all while keeping the second rhythmic unit constant with a view to investigate the pattern of increase in the interstress time interval. The results of this study are as follows: 1. There is a considerable difference between yen and old generations with respect to the duration of interstress interval . The young generation tends to speak faster than the old generation. This observation is supported by difference in the interstress intervals as exhibited by OM(389.66), OF(473), YM(275.55), YF(285.83) in the test frame '말 많다' ['ma:1 'ma:nta]. 2. Young and old generations showed a different tendency in the increase rate of duration between mono-syllables and polysyllables. In other words, the rhythm of young generation shows the tendency of syllable-timed language whereas that of old generation clearly leans towards the stressed-timed language.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.3-11
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• 2015

This study compared English and Korean speakers with regard to the nasalization of the English stops /b, d, g, p, t, k/before a nasal within and across a word boundary. Nine English and thirty Korean speakers participated in the experiment. We used 37 speech items with different grammatical structures. Overall the English informants rarely nasalized the stops while the Korean informants generally greatly nasalized them though widely varying from no nasalization to almost complete nasalization. In general, voiced stops were more likely to be nasalized than voiceless stops. Also, the alveolar stops /d, t/tended to be nasalized the most, the bilabial stops /b, p/ the second most, and the velar stops /g, k/ the least. Besides, the closer the grammatical relationship between neighboring words, the more likely the stop nasalization occurred. In contrast, the Korean syllabification - the addition of the vowel /i/ to the final stops - worked against the stop nasalization. On the other hand, different stress (accent) or rhythm effects of the two languages are assumed to contribute to the significantly different nasalization between English and Korean speakers. The spectrum of stop nasalization obtained from this study can be used as an index to measure how close a certain Korean speaker's stop nasalization is to English speakers'.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.131-146
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to explore what makes the elderly women resilient in old age and how they reconstruct their later lives. This study used life histories extracted from tape-recorded interviews of 13 elderly women and analyzed key issues focused on how to adapt in old age. Main results are following: First, emerging themes to maintain life satisfaction in old age are related to both informants' inner and outer life worlds; subjective reinterpretation of life, feeling rich, family, social activities, overcoming social stigma. With supporting and supplementing one another, these five dimensions are important contributors to better later life. Second, where my informants search for meaning of life in old age is the critical clue of understanding the later life styles. Some of them are still searching meaning of life in roles as a ‘mother’, while others are finding their sense of worth outside the family or in themselves. These results show that the elderly are interacting with themselves and their surroundings in adapting to old age and different tie styles according to different sources of life satisfaction manifest the changes among the elderly and Korean society.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.253-263
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• 2021

This research aims to increase the tourism destination competitiveness for the city of Malang. This research uses the extended criteria of Resource-based View (RBV): VRIOLU (Valuable, Rare, Inimitable, Organization, Large Market, Unmet Need) to analyze tourism destination competitiveness for the city of Malang. A qualitative approach with a case study research design is adopted in this research. Data was collected using data triangulation, such as an in-depth interview with the informants, direct observation in the form of field notes, and picture documentation. The data was analyzed manually by the researchers using thematic analysis. In this research, VRIOLU, the extended criteria of RBV is proven that it can be used as a tool to analyze tourism destination competitiveness by giving the researchers a framework to get the answers from the informants to achieve the research aim. Suggestions to improve the tourism destination competitiveness for the city of Malang include: (1) Actively promoting the added value that can be given by the city of Malang to the visitors; (2) Forming a tourism board to manage the city of Malang as a tourism destination in a holistic manner; (3) Creating synergistic promotion between the stakeholders of tourism operator and governments.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.548-556
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• 2016

노년기의 인지-언어적 변화는 일상생활의 불편함을 초래할 뿐 아니라 신경학적 질환의 주요 지표가 될 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 정상 노년층의 인지-언어 능력에 대한 주관적 및 객관적 평가 간의 상관성을 분석하고 인지-언어 능력의 예측 변인을 알아보았다. 이를 위해 2015년 7월부터 2016년 2월까지 만 65세 이상 정상 노인 63명과 이들의 정보제공자 63명을 대상으로 인지-언어 능력에 대한 자기 보고형 및 정보제공자 보고형 주관적 평가(ISCOLE)와 객관적 평가(CAPTBI)를 시행하였다. 그 결과, 첫째, 노인 및 정보제공자 집단 간에 주관적 평가의 차이는 유의하지 않았다. 둘째, 노인 집단은 8개, 정보제공자 집단은 15개 영역에서 주-객관적 평가 간에 유의한 상관성을 보였다. 셋째, 문제해결력 등은 정보제공자 보고형의 언어능력이, 그리고 집행기능과 언어능력은 정보제공자 보고형의 기억력이 주요 예측 변인이었다. 본 연구를 통해 인지-언어 능력에 대한 주-객관적 평가 간 상관성에 있어 노인 및 정보제공자 집단이 하위 영역별로 차이를 보이며, 정보제공자 집단의 주관적 평가가 더 많은 영역에서 객관적 평가와 상관성이 있음을 알 수 있었다. 이는 정상 노년층을 대상으로 한 인지-언어 능력의 평가 및 예방적 중재 시 적극 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.47-52
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• 2009

The speech of Sino-Korean has been evolved from geopolitical cause since 1945. The aim of this study is to collect Yanji dialectal speech and to compare with South Korean dialectal speech. Twenty Yanbian university students participated as informants. Acoustic speech informations are analyzed using the Multi-Speech Windows Vista version. Dialectal speech characteristics of Yanji sino-Korean showed posterior vowel /${\alpha}$/, neutralization of mid-vowel /o/ between /o/ and /Ɔ/. Lenis stop sound showed the tendency of glottalization based on VOT value. Sibilant sound contains aspiration following constriction and lateral /l/ realized the approximant /r/.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.36-47
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was to explore adaptation experience to family among women who immigrated for marriage. Specific aims were to identify problems immigrant women face as family members and how they interact with other family members. Methods: Grounded theory methodology was utilized. Data were collected from iterative fieldwork with individual in-depth interviews from 6 immigrant women as key informants, and 2 of their husbands and 2 of their mothers-in-law as general informants. Results: Through constant comparative analysis, a core category emerged as "tearing down the wall in communicating". Causal conditions were feeling frustrated in one's expectations, differences in language and life style, differences in recognition, and perceptions of discrimination and prejudice. Strategies were learning the Korean language, learning Korean culture, managing stress, mediating differences between family members, and introspecting. Intervening factors were support systems, burdens of child-rearing, and the condition of one's health. Consequences were rooting oneself in one's family and accepting one's life as it is. Conclusion: Results of the study indicate that there is a need for nurses to understand differences in communication with family members among immigrant women and to provide information and emotional support to improve the adaptation of these women to their Korean families.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.41-59
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to analyze consumers' purchase behavior for the counterfeits of fashion luxury brands. The research method of the study used a naturalistic approach. The first participant observation was carried out in the internet sites in order to collect the data on the purchase behavior for counterfeits; and the second participant observation was applied in the Dongdaemun shopping mall, Namdaemun shopping mall and Itaewon shopping mall; finally 6 informants were selected and then an interview was held with them. The results of the study are as follows; 1. The reasons for the first purchase of counterfeits are variously shown according to life stages, and the repetitive purchase behavior is influenced by the degree of satisfaction for the first purchase. The information collection for counterfeits is widely made through various media, and especially the information collection is active and positive in the case of planned purchase but it is passive and negative in the case of unplanned purchase. 2. The most important criteria in purchasing counterfeits is the degree of similarity with luxury brands and other criteria include price, design, utility etc. The majority of purchase items is not clothing but miscellaneous goods which are more similar in terms of design and quality. The purchase of counterfeits is made by impulse purchase but the purchase of luxury brands is made by planned purchase. 3. The rationalization mechanism for the purchase of counterfeits is observed in all informants, which is a sort of defence mechanism for avoiding a guilty conscience to buy illegal goods.

• 한국조사연구학회지:조사연구
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.51-83
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• 2008

온라인 조사는 면접 조사와 전화 조사를 대체할 조사 방법으로 각광받고 있지만 면접원 없이 진행되는 자기기입 방식을 택하고 있기 때문에 응답자가 불성실하게 응답할 수 있다는 불신을 받고 있다. 이러한 단점에 대해 조사 전문가들은 설문 응답시간을 통해 불성실 응답자들을 차단할 수 있다고 생각해 왔다. 너무 짧거나 긴 설문시간은 성실하지 못하게 조사에 응한 증거로 볼 수 있다는 논리이다. 본 연구는 이러한 가설을 실증적으로 확인해 보고자 한다. 이를 위해 1,052명으로 이루어진 온라인 조사 패널 회원을 대상으로 온라인 조사를 실시하여 응답시간을 분석하였다. 평균 비교, 응답 범주 횟수, 상관 분석을 실시한 결과, 설문 시간이 짧은 응답자들은 대략 만족적(satisficing)응답 경향을 보이거나, 나머지 응답자들과 매우 다른 방식으로 응답을 하는 등 불성실 응답 가능성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 반면 설문 시간이 긴 응답자들에게서는 이러한 문제가 나타나지 않았다. 로지스틱 회귀분석 결과 설문 시간이 매우 짧은 응답자들은 금전적 관심이 높았으며, 조사 참여 시도 횟수는 많았고, 보상 적립금의 기부율은 낮았다. 또한 이들은 패널가입기간이 짧다는 특징이 있었다. 본 연구의 결과는 온라인 패널에 불성실하게 응답하는 회원이 엄존함을 보여주고 있는데, 이에 대처하기 위해서는 온라인 조사를 실시할 때, 실제 표본 수보다 많은 표본을 조사하여 응답 시간이 지나치게 짧은 집단을 제외해야 할 것이다. 또한, 불성실 응답과 관련된 패널 관리는 가입 초기에 집중되어야 할 것이다.