• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.95-100
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• 1996

The effect of the extracellular protease of Salmonella schottmulleri on human serum constituents such as immunoglobulins, hemoglobin and lysozyme and tissue constituents such as fibronectin and collagens was investigated. This protease degraded collagens (type I and III), fibronectin and serum proteins such as human hemoglobin and lysozyme. Bovine serum albumin was degraded slightly. Thus, the present study suggested the possibility that this protease is not only played an important role in invasion of S. schottmulleri by degrading the constituent proteins such as collagens and fibronectin but also induced complications observed in septicemia and chronic infections by degrading the serum proteins. This protease is also capable of degrading defence-oriented humoral proteins, immunoglobulins (IgG and IgM). Furthermore, it is toxic to HEp-2 cells. These findings clarified the possible role of Salmonella protease as a virulence factor in the pathogenesis of Salmonella infections.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.7-11
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• 2012

The antifungal activities of the bee venom against Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Trichophyton rubrum were determined by using modified broth dilution assay. The most common dermatophytes, named T. mentagrophytes and T. rubrum, were known to cause a variety of cutaneous infections in humans and animals. The bee venom exhibited prominent antifungal activities against the two dermatophytes tested in this investigation. Moreover, the antifungal activities of the bee venom were much stronger than that of fluconazole, one of the commercial antifungal drugs used in the treatment and prevention of superficial and systemic fungal infections. The result suggests that bee venom could be developed as a natural antifungal drug.

• Proceeding of EDISON Challenge
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• 2014.03a
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• pp.287-299
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• 2014

Bicarbonate anion ($HCO_3{^-}$) takes the role of major buffer systems in our body by maintaining the pH at 7.4. Epithelial $HCO_3{^-}$ secretion also hydrolyzes the mucus which protects body from noxious infections. It has been widely known that such infections are closely related to $HCO_3{^-}$ permeability through membrane and, thus, increasing the $HCO_3{^-}$ permeability is essential. To evaluate the $HCO_3{^-}$ permeability through ion channels, the free energy changes relevant to ion pumping are calculated with the Integral Equation Formalism-PCM (IEF-PCM) theory. Molecular structures of various anions including $HCO_3{^-}$ were optimized with the density functional theory at the level of B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) in gas and solution phase. In addition, the anion permeability is significantly influenced by the relative size of the anion and pore. We introduce a shifted volume factor model that describes the pore size effect when the charged solutes transfer through ion channels. We found excellent agreement between experimental and calculated permeability when our novel model of the size effect was taken into account to.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.309-314
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• 2016

Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) is a heat-processed ginseng developed by the repeated steaming and air-drying of fresh ginseng. Compared with fresh ginseng, KRG has been shown to possess greater pharmacological activities and stability because of changes that occur in its chemical constituents during the steaming process. In addition to anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and immune-modulatory activities, KRG and its purified components have also been shown to possess protective effects against microbial infections. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on the properties of KRG and its components on infections with human pathogenic viruses such as respiratory syncytial virus, rhinovirus, influenza virus, human immunodeficiency virus, human herpes virus, hepatitis virus, norovirus, rotavirus, enterovirus, and coxsackievirus. Additionally, the therapeutic potential of KRG as an antiviral and vaccine adjuvant is discussed.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.53 no.9
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• pp.855-858
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• 2010

Kawasaki disease (KD) causes multisystemic vasculitis but infrequently manifests with deep neck infections, such as a peritonsillar abscess, peritonsillar or deep neck cellulitis, suppurative parapharyngeal infection, or retropharyngeal abscess. As its etiology is still unknown, the diagnosis is usually made based on typical symptoms. The differential diagnosis between KD and deep neck infections is important, considering the variable head and neck manifestations of KD. There are several reports on KD patients who were initially diagnosed with retropharyngeal abscess on on computed tomography scans (CT). However, the previously reported cases did not have abscess or fluid collection on retropharyngeal aspiration. Therefore, false-positive neck CT scans have been obtained, until recently. In this case, suspected neck abscess in patients with KD unresponsive to intravenous immunoglobulin could signal the possible coexistence of suppurative cervical lymphadenitis.

• Journal of Korea Association of Health Promotion
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.172-180
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• 2005

A small scale survey on intestinal parasitic infections was investigated by subjecting residents of North Korea to recommend a plausible control strategy. The Kato-Katz method was applied to 235 residents in a borderline city and 46 in a refugee camp in borderline China. Only eggs of Ascaris and Trichuris were detected in 41.1% and 37.6% respectively but most of them were light infected. Females were infected in 61.2% while 53.1% males were egg positive. By age, residents in their 30s showed highest egg positive rates. The survey confirmed high prevalence of soil-transmitted intestinal nematodes in rural areas in North Korea It is recommended to implement mass chemotherapy for al residents with a part sample examination in rural areas, North Korea.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.157-165
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• 2010

A survey of canine heartworm infections among 83 dogs (Male 42, Female 41) of pet dogs in Ulsan area was performed from March to July 2009 using antigen test. Of 83 dogs, 6 dogs (7.2%) were infected with the Dirofilaria immitis, and 5 dogs (6%) were detected to have microfilaria in the peripheral blood. The infection according to the age of 4~5, 6~7, 7 over years were 7.4%, 12.5%, and 10.5%, Also, A survey of canine heartworm infections among 23 dogs (Male 15, Female 8) of hunting dogs in Ulsan area was performed from July 2008 using antigen test. Of 23 dogs, 11 dogs (47.8%) were infected with the D. immitis, and 6 dogs (26.1%) were detected to have microfilaria in the peripheral blood. The infection according to the age of under 1, 2-3, 4-5, 6-7 over years were 12.5%, 40%, 85.7% and 66.7%, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.27-32
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• 1979

Seed samples of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) from Chung-nam Provincial Office of Rural Development were infected by 12 fungi. Alternaria sesamicola, A. tenuis and Corynespora cassicola were the predominant fungi. Except C. cassicola, all fungi were almost completly reduced and wipid out the infections by pretreatment with chlorine. Plating of seed components also indicate that C. cassicola was well-established infections. In infection experiment C. cassicola produced severe leaf and stem spots and blights on sesame plants and showed severe seed and seedling rot.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.302-308
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• 1995

It is very difficult to differentiate the malignant tumor from the maxillofacial infections that have unclear cause, severe indurated swelling, pain and nonresponsiveness to antibioitic treatment and incision and drainage. Incisional biopsy, CT, and MRI examination may not distinguish between infection and a malignant tumors. And then, the clinicians can make a mistake that they perform a unnecessary radical surgery because of inaccurate diagnosis. We present three case reports of maxillofacial infectious disease with diagnosis process, treatment and differential diagnosis. The infectious disease were not resolved with antibiotic and surgical drainage. The progression of clinical sign and radiographic, indings of these disease were masqueraded as malignant tumors.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.387-394
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• 1997

A total of 353 farmed rockfish, Sebastes schlegli Hilgendorf, 1880 were sampled from 3 localities on Korean coastline over a 12 month period. Full parasitological examination revealed the polypisthocotylean monogenean Micorcotyle sebastis Goto, 1894 to be abundant with infections consistently reaching over 90~100% prevalence throughout the year. A seasonal pattern in parasite abundance on the gills is evident, with the population peaking twice, the largest in winter and again in summer. While the parasitic load on the left and right gills was not dissimilar, parasites within the gill sets were found to favour settlement of the II and III gill arches. A comparison of parasite abundance with host length, revealed that the smaller length fish classes (<17cm standard body length) had significantly heavier infections than those of larger fish (>17 cm standard body length). This report represents the fist record of Microcotyle sebastis on farmed rockfish in Korean coastal waters.