• Journal of Korean Academic Society of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.135-143
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to provide basic data for the development of education programs which improve the nurses' infection control performance by investigating the knowledge, performance, and educational needs of infection control among nurses in long-term care hospitals, and analyzing the relationship between these parameters. Methods: This was a descriptive study. A self-reported questionnaire was provided to 153 nurses in 210 long-term care hospitals on Jeju Island. Their knowledge, performance, and educational needs of infection control, data were analyzed using SAS Window(ver. 9.4), t-test, Wilcoxon rank-sum test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffe test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results: Both knowledge (r=0.16, p=.042) and performance (r=0.52, p<.001) of infection control had positive correlations with the educational needs of the infection control. Conclusion: The higher the knowledge of infection control was, the higher the educational needs of the nurses were. However, knowledge of infection control did not correlate with performance of infection control. Therefore to increase the knowledge and performance of infection control, infection control education programs should suit the educational needs and the actual conditions of long-term care hospitals.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Dental Administration
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.25-31
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• 2021

The aim of this study was to investigate the level of dental infection control experienced by dental hygiene students in clinical practice institutions to identify problems and improve infection control in dental institutions. This study conducted online surveys targeting 269 dental hygiene students from universities that conducted clinical practice to determine the students' level of awareness regarding dental infection control in dental institutions and the reality of infection control in dental institutions. The results showed that dental hygiene students recognized the need for infection control and education about infection control at a high level. However, only 47% of the students were accurately informed about COVID-19. Basic instruments, periodontal instruments, and implant surgical instruments were sterilized after use for each patient, mostly by the institution, but 3-way syringe tips, preservation instruments and prosthetic instruments were more frequently reused without sterilization immediately after use. For dental infection control to be practiced at dental institutions, it is necessary to establish a systematic and safe infection control system, including infection control education, designation of infection managers, and provision of infection control guidelines.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.120-128
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• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of infection control knowledge and nursing work environment on infection control performance among general hospital nurses. Methods: A total of 138 nurses from four general hospitals located in G and P cities participated in this descriptive study. The collected data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple regression. Results: The average mean score was 21.41±1.92 points out of 25 for infection control knowledge, 2.53±0.33 points out of 4 for nursing work environment, and 4.62±0.40 points out of 5 for infection control performance. In the final analysis, the variables that had the greatest influence on infection control performance were the nursing work environment (β=.32, p<.001), working department (β=.19, p=.014), and knowledge (β=.19, p=.016). Conclusion: This study showed that nurses with a better nursing work environment, employment in general department, and more infection control knowledge delivered superior infection control performance. Therefore, to improve infection control performance, it is necessary to enhance the nursing environment and develop practical education programs for augmenting infection control knowledge.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2023

Objectives: This study analyzed a total of 30 domestic research trends related to dental infection control from 2013 to 2022. Methods: Two researchers analyzed the research question, "What are the research trends on infection control in dental hygiene at dental clinics and dental hygiene education institutions?" The selected literature was classified according to the research subject and the purpose of the study. Results: The study sample comprised 63% dental hygienists, 30% dental hygiene students, and 7% dental workers. The research topics on dental infection control were classified into knowledge, awareness, practice, infection control education, clinic environment, and infection control personnel. The largest proportion of research on dental infection control were about awareness and practice of infection control (69%). Clinic environment, knowledge, infection control education, and infection control personnel appeared in order. Conclusions: It is believed that this can be used as a reference material to present the direction of research design for researchers studying in infection control in the field of dental hygiene in the future.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.31 no.8
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• pp.1109-1114
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• 2021

Chlamydia pneumoniae is a type of pathogenic gram-negative bacteria that causes various respiratory tract infections including asthma. Chlamydia species infect humans and cause respiratory infection by rupturing the lining of the respiratory which includes the throat, lungs and windpipe. Meanwhile, the function of interleukin-4 (IL-4) in Ch. pneumoniae respiratory infection and its association with the development of airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in adulthood and causing allergic airway disease (AAD) are not understood properly. We therefore investigated the role of IL-4 in respiratory infection and allergy caused by early life Chlamydia infection. In this study, Ch. pneumonia strain was propagated and cultured in HEp-2 cells according to standard protocol and infant C57BL/6 mice around 3-4 weeks old were infected to study the role of IL-4 in respiratory infection and allergy caused by early life Chlamydia infection. We observed that IL-4 is linked with Chlamydia respiratory infection and its absence lowers respiratory infection. IL-4R α2 is also responsible for controlling the IL-4 signaling pathway and averts the progression of infection and inflammation. Furthermore, the IL-4 signaling pathway also influences infection-induced AHR and aids in increasing AAD severity. STAT6 also promotes respiratory infection caused by Ch. pneumoniae and further enhanced its downstream process. Our study concluded that IL-4 is a potential target for preventing infection-induced AHR and severe asthma.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.409-415
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• 2005

Infection of Drosophila melanogaster adults with 6 Vibrio species revealed that V. cholerae was lethal (100% mortality) within 20 h as a result of systemic infection. Avirulent infection by V. vulnificus restricted the subsequent virulent infection by V. cholerae. The immediate transcription of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), most notably Attacin A, was delayed in V. cholerae infection compared to V. vulnificus infection. Ectopic expression of Attacin A and Metchnikowin enhanced the survival of D. melanogaster upon V. cholerae infection. These results suggest that AMPs are important in the response to infections by Vibrio species and that the signaling pathways governing their expression may be targeted by V. cholerae virulence factors to elude the innate immunity of Drosophila.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.149-160
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors influencing performance of MultiDrug-Resistant Organisms (MDROs) infection control by nurses in general hospitals. Methods: The research design was a descriptive survey design using convenience sampling. Data were collected from 130 nurses working in 6 general hospitals. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 21.0 program for descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression analysis. Results: General hospital nurses' MDROs infection control performance was influenced by their awareness of environmental safety, recognition of MDROs infection control, number of beds in the hospital, whether nurses had nursing experience with infection control and guidelines for MDROs infection control. The most important predictors of MDROs infection control performance were awareness of environmental safety and recognition of MDROs infection control. Conclusion: Findings indicate that it is necessary to include content related to awareness of environmental safety and recognition of infection control in developing MDROs infection control education programs for general hospital nurses.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.686-692
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• 2003

Purpose: To assess the effect of handwashing improving program and MRSA carrier detection program on MRSA(methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus) infection rate in a intensive care unit. Method: The intervention was Nosocomial Infection(NI) control program consisted of hand washing improving program and identification and treatment of MRSA carrier. Data on the NI and MRSA infections were collected by an infection control nurse based on the definition of CDC. MRSA infection rates were calculated by the number of MRSA infection per 100 admissions or 1,000 patients-days. The difference of MRSA infection rates between pre and post intervention was tested by Chi-square at =.05. Result: MRSA infection rates 3.0% or 3.2 per 1,000 patient-days at the pre, 4.6% or 3.7 per 1,000 patient-days at the post, and the differences were not statistically significant (p=.411, p=.769 respectively). Conclusion: The handwashing improving program and MRSA carrier detection program was not effective in reducing the Nosocomial Infection(NI) or MRSA infection rates. It is recommended further studies with a longer intervention and follow-up period.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.47-60
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of infection control education, knowledge, attitude and self-confidence of student nurses, regarding nosocomial infection control. Method: This was a nonequivalent control group nonsychronized design. The participants were 83 student nurses who were conveniently assigned to the experimental or a control group. The data were collected from March 5 to June 11, 2008 and analyzed based on Fisher's exact test and t-test. Result: The 1st hypothesis, "Posttest nosocomial infection control knowledge scores for the experimental group will be higher than scores for the control group" was supported (t=2.057, p=.043). The 2nd hypothesis, "Posttest nosocomial infection control attitude scores for the experimental group will be higher than those for the control group" was not statistically significant (t=.466, p=.643), The 3rd hypothesis, "Posttest nosocomial infection control self-confidence scores for the experimental group will be higher than those for the control group" was not statistically significant (t=2.290 p=.025). Conclusion: This infection control education was effective in increasing the levels of knowledge and self-confidence for student nurses regarding nosocomial infection control.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.166-173
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• 2007

In a trial to select suitable fungicides for developing a spray program that can control apple white rot effectively, after-infection activities in some protective fungicides were detected. Six fungicides, mancozeb, propineb, benomyl, folpet, azoxystrobin and iminoctadine-triacetate, which had been extensively used in apple orchards, were sprayed on 12-year-old apple trees (cv. Fuji) at 15-day intervals from late May to late July. Disease incidences and infection frequencies of the fruit bagged just before and soon after each spray were examined. When the infection frequency or disease incidence of the fruit bagged after each spraying of fungicide was significantly lower than those of the fruit bagged before spraying, the fungicides appeared to confer after-infection activity. The six fungicides showed diverse activities on white rot: folpet showed after-infection activity on disease development, iminoctadine-triacetate showed after-infection activity on infection, azoxystrobin showed after-infection activity on disease development and infection, and mancozeb, propineb and benomyl showed no distinct activity. The activity of a fungicide became much higher when it was sprayed alternately with other fungicide rather than successive spraying of the same fungicide. Analysis of the properties of these protective fungicides could lead to the development of a highly effective spray program against white rot.