• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.107-116
• /
• 2020

Purpose: We compared three chest compression methods to find an efficient method for performing infant cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) for single rescuers and improving chest compressions quality. Methods: Thirty new marine police trainees at the Korea Coast Guard Education Institute were tested for five sessions using three methods of single rescuer infant CPR: two-finger chest compression, two-thumb encircling chest compression, and two-finger support chest compression. Results: The depth, accuracy, and number of compressions per minute of resuscitation were analyzed for the above three methods. The depth of two-finger chest compression, two-thumb encircling chest compression, and two-finger support chest compression was 3.53±0.20cm, 4.10±0.13cm, and 4.22±0.15cm, respectively. Accuracy was 23.86±12.59%, 54.11±10.8%, 71.55±18.81%, respectively, while the time for one cycle of 30 chest compression was 16.01±10.5 seconds, 16.45±0.85 seconds, and 16.56±0.91 seconds, respectively. Chest compression interruptions were 6.59±0.78 seconds, 7.17±0.37 seconds, and 6.97±0.35 seconds, respectively. The interruptions were consistent with the range of 5-10 seconds suggested by the American Heart Association. Conclusion: When one rescuer performs CPR for an infant in cardiac arrest, a comparative analysis of three methods showed that two-thumb encircling chest compression is the best for accuracy and efficiency of chest compressions.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.153-159
• /
• 2019

In this paper, we propose a the effects of new chest compressions in the implementation of chest compressions during infant cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and to provide basic data for high-quality CPR. On March 12, 2019, the research target used the SPSS 22.0 Version as an experimental study using randomized cross-design of 30 emergency medical services students who completed BLS Health Care-provider. The study also showed significant differences in chest depth and average rate of pressure($34.61{\pm}1.29$, $39.40{\pm}1.08$, <0.001, $105.46{\pm}4.23$, $107{\pm}3.84$, <0.001) depending on chest compressions. There was also a significant difference in the convenience and degree of pain of chest compressions(<0.001). In addition, new chest compressions appeared close to vertical and showed statistically significant differences(p<.001). Based on the results of this study, we can see that the accuracy of the new chest compressions during infant cardiopulmonary resuscitation is increased, and the depth of chest compressions is improved, improving the quality index of chest compressions. However, it will be necessary to further study the use of the new chest compressions to identify the potential for clinical use.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.109-123
• /
• 2019

Purpose: This study aimed to propose an effective one-rescuer infant cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) chest compression technique by comparing the differences in efficacy, convenience, and pain levels between the two thumb-encircling and two finger techniques. Methods: Subjects were randomized to perform either two-thumb-encircling or two-finger technique for 8 minutes each on infant CPR manikins. After the chest compression, a survey was administered to the subjects to measure convenience and pain levels according to compression method. Results: Total compression depth over 8 minutes was significantly deeper for the two-thum-encircling technique ($43.5{\pm}4.8mm$) compared with the two-finger technique ($32.6{\pm}5.4mm$) (p<0.001). In terms of compression depth measured at 1-minute intervals, compression depth with the two-finger technique decreased from $38.3{\pm}4.23mm$ to $29.0{\pm}6.79mm$, whereas compression depth with the two-thumb-encircling technique did not show a significant change (from $43.7{\pm}4.12mm$ to $43.4{\pm}5mm$). The results of the survey indicated that, the majority of subjects found the two-thumb-encircling technique to be the most comfortable technique for compression depth (n=29, 64.4%). The majority of subjects (n=31, 68.9%) answered that the two-finger technique resulted in the most pain. Conclusion: Comparison of efficacy of the two-thumb-encircling and two-finger-techniques in the performance of one-rescuer infant CPR revealed that the two-thumb-encircling technique was more effective in maintaining chest compression depth.

• Fire Science and Engineering
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.67-72
• /
• 2015

This paper aims to compare the effectiveness of the chest compression when a person pushes on the infant's chest by using two fingers with the support during infant cardiopulmonary resuscitation, with the effectiveness of it without the support, and to find which one is better. For the study, 50 college woman students were tested during the simulation and the result of the test has been analyzed by chi-square test, Fisher's exact test. In case of the chest compression by using the support, the depth of the chest compression comes to $3.73{\pm}0.33cm$. On the other hand, in case of the chest compression without the support, $2.50{\pm}0.59cm$. It is founded that the method of pushing on the chest by using the support is more effective than that without the support (p < 0.001). It is concluded that the way that a person pushes on the infant's chest by using two fingers with the support during infant cardiopulmonary resuscitation has turned out to be more effective and useful. It is thought that in the future, the further study for it should be conducted.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2019.05a
• /
• pp.525-527
• /
• 2019

Cardiac arrest is a series of conditions occur when the heart is stopped, regardless of the cause. one of the only ways to save a patient's life in the event of cardiac arrest is cardiopulmonary resuscitation, which is very important beacause it can maintain circulation through this technique, and high-quality CPR affects the survival rate and neurological prognosis of the patient. For infant cardiopulmonary resuscitation, use two finger to compress the chest. Hower, this method can be diffcult to reach the chest commpressions recommended by the American Heart Association because of the anatomically increased fatigue of the fingers and diffculty of vertical pressure. The study aims to verify the effects of new chest compressions in the implementation of chest compressions during infant cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The study also showed singnificant differences in chest depth and average rate of pressure(p<0.001). Based on the results of this study, we can see that the accuracy of the new chest compressions during infant cardiopulmonary resuscitation is increased, and the depth of chest compressions is improved, improving the quality index of chest compressions.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.83-93
• /
• 2000

This survey is mainly focus on identifying the efficacy of CPR training for 92 first responders who participated in the first aid and emergency rescue program dated on November 22 and November 24, 2000. First responders are trained and evaluated using AHA guideline for 4 hours. Data are analyzed by Percentage, Mean, T-test, F-test using SPSS program. The results for this study are as follows: 1. An average score for CPR evaluation is high as 1.71 of total score 2.0. 2. Between adult CPR and infant CPR, an average score for adult CPR is higher than infant CPR. The highest item of adult CPR and infant CPR is checking for unresponse(1.95 and 1.93), the lowest items are checking for circulation and chest compression position in the adult CPR and location of chest compression in the infant CPR 3. There are statistically significant differences in the evaluation score of CPR according to age, education level, occupation, job experience and emergency accident situation in the past.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.99-108
• /
• 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of one-hand compression method (one-hand) and two-thumb compression methods (two-thumb) using a 3-year-old pediatric mannequin. Methods: Participants in the experiment were randomly assigned to 21 people with one hand and 21 people with two thumbs, who had completed a basic life support training course. The mannequin used a few junior QCPR manikis (Laerdal, Norway), based on an age of 3. The study followed the guidelines for two-rescuer pediatric CPR, performing chest compressions and ventilations in a 15:2 ratio for 5 cycles, 10 minutes. The chest compression number, depth, speed rate, and recoil rate were measured after 1, 3, and 5 cycles, respectively. Data were analyzed using SPSS 23.0. Results: Comparing the efficiency of chest compressions performed during 1, 3, and 5 cycles, the depth of chest compressions was 40.84±3.10 mm for the two thumbs and 51.48±4.79 mm for the one-hand, which was significantly different (p<.001). According to pediatric CPR guidelines, the frequency corresponding to the compression depth range of 40.00-50.00 mm was statistically higher at 57.1% (12 people) of two thumb than at 23.8% (5 people) of one hand (p<.001). Conclusion: While the current guidelines recommend one- or two-thumb encircling hand compressions for larger children, the use of one- or two-handed wrapped thumb compressions should be considered for smaller children, depending on the rescuer's judgment, when distinguishing between a child and an infant is difficult.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.33-45
• /
• 2004

The study is designed to develop an educational CD-Title for Basic Life Support. The study is conducted from July to December, 2002, Based on the course of program development suggested by Dick and Cray. the study followed the planning, development, education and evaluation of a program. The developed CD-Title consists of 8 parts. 1. Intro include Introduction, Adult CPR, Child CPR, Infant CPR, Adult Foreign-Body Airway Obstruction, Infant Foreign-Body Airway Obstruction, and Exercise in Menu at Right of screen. 2. Introduction consist of death process at cardiac arresst, chain of survival, introduction of CPR, respiratory & ciculatory anatomy and physiology. 3. Adult CPR consist of assessment responsiveness, activating EMS system, position victim, opening a airway, checking for breathing, rescue breathing, checking for sign of circulation, chest compression, 1 person & 2 persion adult CPR video. 4. Child & Infant CPR consist of, causes, assessment responsiveness, position victim, opening the airway, checking for breathing, rescue breathing, checking for sign of circulation, chest compression, activating EMS system, child & infant CPR video. 5. Adult Foreign-Body Airway Obstruction include assessment responsiveness, activating EMS system, position victim, opening a airway, checking for breathing, 2 rescue breathing, reopening the airway, 2 rescue breathing, finger sweep, 5 abdominal thrusts, unresponsiveness adult Foreign-Body Airway Obstruction video. 6. Infant Foreign-Body Airway Obstruction consist of, causes, assessment responsiveness, position victim, opening the airway, checking for breathing, 2 rescue breathing, reopening the airway, 2 rescue breathing, checking foreign-body object in oral cavity of victim, 5 back blow, 5 chest thsusts, activating EMS system, video. 7. 32 exercise consist of 8 Adult CPR, 12 Child & Infant CPR, 5 Adult Foreign-Body Airway Obstruction, 7 Infant Foreign-Body Airway Obstruction. Every part consist of animations to trigger students interests. This CD-Title will be useful education for first responders and lay rescuers.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.25 no.7
• /
• pp.151-157
• /
• 2020

This study is to find out the effectiveness by Infant CPR method of a single rescuer. It was conducted for 51 general public. And typical infant CPR method by a single rescuer and a new method, CPR with two thumb chest compressions wrapped in both hands over the head were compared. SPSS 22.0 was used as an analysis method and to compare the both CPR methods, Paired t-test was used. As a result of the study, the average chest compression depth(39.38±1.07 mm) by CPR with two thumb chest compressions wrapped in both hands over the head was significantly high(p<0.001). Ease of mouth-to-mouth resuscitation(p<0.001), convenience of CPR method(p<0.001), and finger pain level(p<0.001) had a significant difference. As for the preference of the CPR method, 80.4%(41 people) preferred CPR with two thumb chest compressions wrapped in both hands over the head. In this study, CPR with two thumb chest compressions wrapped in both hands over the head showed more effective results than typical CPR method. However, as a virtual study using mannequins, further research is needed to apply high-quality CPR methods to field.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.53 no.2
• /
• pp.82-85
• /
• 2020

Insertion of an epicardial pacemaker is a useful treatment for pediatric patients with an abnormal heart rhythm. However, there are limitations and concerns when implanting epicardial pacemakers in infants and neonates due to their small body size. We report a patient who experienced rare complications after implantation of a permanent pacemaker.