• Journal of KIBIM
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.70-79
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• 2022

As BIM(Building Information Modeling) technology advances in architecture around the world, projects and industries using BIM are increasing. Unlike previous developments that were limited to buildings, BIM is now spreading to other fields such as civil engineering and electricity. In architecture, BIM is used in the entire process from design to maintenance of a building, and IFC(Industry Foundation Classes), a neutral format with interoperability, is used as an open BIM format. Since firefighting requires intuitive 3D models for evacuation and fire simulations, BIM models are desirable. However, due to the BIM model, which was developed centered on building objects, there are no objects and specific properties for fire evacuation in the IFC scheme. Therefore, in this study, when adding a new object in the firefighting area to the IFC schema, the IFC interoperability is not broken and the building WBS(Work Breakdown Structure) is analyzed with a hierarchical system similar to the IFC format to define the scope for a new object and the firefighting part within of the building WBS to derive a firefighting HBS(Hierarchy Breakdown Structure) with the extension of the object-oriented IFC file. And according to HBS, we propose an IFC schema extension method. It is a methodology that allows BIM users to instantly adapt the IFC schema to their needs. Accordingly, the methodology derived from this study is expected to be expanded in various areas to minimize information loss from IFC. In the future, we will apply the IFC extension methodology to the actual development process using HBS to verify that it is actually applicable within the IFC schema.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2022.06a
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• pp.1130-1137
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• 2022

The Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) provides standardized product models for the building construction domain. However, the current IFC schema has limited representation for infrastructure. Several studies have examined the data schema for road and highway modeling, but not in a sufficiently comprehensive and robust manner to facilitate the overall integrated project delivery of road projects. Several discussions have focused on slope engineering for road projects, but no solution has been provided regarding the formalized parametric modeling up to now. Iterative design, analysis, and modification are observed during the process of slope design for road projects. The practitioners need to carry out the stability analysis to consider different road design alternatives, including horizontal, vertical, and cross-section designs. The procedure is neither formalized nor automated. Thus, there is a need to develop the formal representation of the product and process of slope analysis for road design. The objective of this research is to develop a formal representation (i.e., an IFC extension data schema) for slope analysis. It consists of comprehensive information required for slope analysis in a structured manner. The deliverable of this study contributes to both the formal representation of infrastructure development and, further, the automated process of slope design for road projects.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2013.01a
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• pp.419-425
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• 2013

Recently AEC industry has required construction automation according to becoming large and complex. Thus BIM-based construction project is increased and used in whole fields of AEC industry. Quantity take-off and estimation fields are important factor for decision-making in conceptual and schematic design stages of construction projects. The purpose of this study improves reliability of the estimation through QTO based on Open BIM. Scope and method to apply QTO is to select conceptual design stage through LoD(Level of Detail) in AEC field and to extract information from BIM model through analysis of IFC structure. This study proceeds three step to make BIM model and check the model quality and calculate QTO. The methodology of QTO using IFC is to verify of result in this study and expects utilizing in design stage of construction projects. The result from this study is expected to decrease the risk factor and time of estimation in the project early phase through improving reliability of schematic estimation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.297-311
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• 2021

Around the world, there is an increasing interest in Digital Twin cities. Although geospatial data is critical for building a digital twin city, currently-established spatial data cannot be used directly for its implementation. Integration of geospatial data is vital in order to construct and simulate the virtual space. Existing studies for data integration have focused on data transformation. The conversion method is fundamental and convenient, but the information loss during this process remains a limitation. With this, standardization of the data model is an approach to solve the integration problem while hurdling conversion limitations. However, the standardization within indoor space data models is still insufficient compared to 3D building and city models. Therefore, in this study, we present a comparative analysis of data models commonly used in indoor space modeling as a basis for establishing a generic indoor space feature model. By comparing five models of IFC (Industry Foundation Classes), CityGML (City Geographic Markup Language), AIIM (ArcGIS Indoors Information Model), IMDF (Indoor Mapping Data Format), and OmniClass, we identify essential elements for modeling indoor space and the feature classes commonly included in the models. The proposed generic model can serve as a basis for developing further indoor feature models through specifying minimum required structure and feature classes.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.339-346
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• 2018

An Industry Foundation Classes(IFC), which is a data schema developed focusing on architecture, is being expanded to civil engineering structures. However, it is difficult to create an information model based on extended IFC since the BIM software cannot provide support functions. To manage a railway track based on the extended IFC, this paper proposed a method to create an alignment-centered separated railway track model and convert it to an extended IFC-based information model. First, railway track elements have been classified into continuous and discontinuous structures. The continuous structures were created by an alignment-based software, and discontinuous structures were created as independent objects through linkage of the discretized alignment. Second, a classification system and extended IFC schema for railway track have been proposed. Finally, the semantic information was identified by using the property of classification code and user interface. The availability of the methods was verified by developing an extended IFC-based information model of the Osong railway site.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.83-92
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• 2013

IFC based open BIM has internationally developed as a solution for interoperability problem among different software applications. Despite much interest and effort, the open BIM technologies are rarely introduced to the construction industry and need more technical development for a practical application as well. This research aims to develop automated code checking modules for quality assurance process of BIM data. The research have analyzed domestic regulations focusing on super-tall buildings and developed open BIM-based code checking modules for the evacuation regulations. The modules are able to validate evacuation regulations such as installation of emergency elevator and fire safety zone. The authors expect to improve the process of BIM quality assurance and enhance the quality of BIM data by this research on automated checking system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.257-260
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• 2010

The Architecture, engineering & construction (AEC) industry domains have grown more complex and larger. BIM is a digital representation of a building to facilitate the exchange and development of construction information integration and interoperability. Industry Foundation Classes (IFCs), under development by International Alliance for Interoperability (IAI), represent the part of buildings or elements of a process. IFC has been adopted as a central information repository in order to deliver integrated information. BIM softwares could open the IFC file, recognize standard objects. However, sometimes, information distortion or information loss occurs during information exchange. As project participants exchange BIM information by using BIM softwares they will need a reliable and efficient exchange of information. This paper suggests the BIM object information compatibility problems among BIM softwares and classify the BIM object information compatibility problems.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2020.12a
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• pp.157-166
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• 2020

Automated rebar fabrication, which requires effective information exchange between model designers and fabricators, has brought the integration and interoperability of data from different sources to the notice of both academics and industry practitioners. Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) was one of the most commonly used data formats to represent the semantic information of prefabricated components in buildings, whereas the data format utilized by rebar fabrication machine is BundesVereinigung der Bausoftware (BVBS), which is a numerical data structure exchanging reinforcement information through ASCII encoded files. Seamless transformation between IFC and BVBS empowers the automated rebar fabrication and improve the construction productivity. In order to improve data interoperability between IFC and BVBS, this study presents an IFC extension based on the attributes required by automated rebar fabrication machines with the help of Information Delivery Manual (IDM) and Model View Definition (MVD). IDM is applied to describe and display the information needed for the design, construction and operation of projects, whereas MVD is a subset of IFC schema used to describe the automated rebar fabrication workflow. Firstly, with a rich pool of vocabularies practitioners, OmniClass is used in information exchange between IFC and BVBS, providing a hierarchy classification structure for reinforcing elements. Then, using International Framework for Dictionaries (IFD), the usage of each attribute is defined in a more consistent manner to assist the data mapping process. Besides, in order to address missing information within automated fabrication process, a schematic data mapping diagram has been made to deliver IFC information from BIM models to BVBS format for better data interoperability among different software agents. A case study based on the data mapping will be presented to demonstrate the proposed IFC extension and how it could assist/facilitate the information management.

• Journal of Applied Reliability
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.220-228
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the tail behavior of the life distribution which exhibits an increasing failure rate or other positive aging effects after a certain time point. Methods: We characterize the tail behavior of the life distribution with regard to certain reliability measures such as failure rate, mean residual life and reliability function and derive several stochastic properties regarding such life distributions. Also, utilizing an L-statistic and its asymptotic normality, we propose new nonparametric testing procedures which verify if the life distribution has an increasing tail failure rate. Results: We propose the IFR-Tail (Increasing Failure Rate in Tail), DMRL-Tail (Decreasing Mean Residual Life in Tail) and NBU-Tail (New Better than Used in Tail) classes, all of which represent the tail behavior of the life distribution. And we discuss some stochastic properties of these proposed classes. Also, we develop a new nonparametric test procedure for detecting the IFR-Tail class and discuss its relative efficiency to explore the power of the test. Conclusion: The results of our research could be utilized in the study of wide range of applications including the maintenance and warranty policy of the second-hand system.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.224-235
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• 2014

Recently, Productivity of the construction industry has been decreasing than other industries. Because of this, BIM is being spread in the construction industry. However, quality criteria for BIM data is insufficient. Regulation information is an important factor for initial architectural design evaluations. However, building code and related regulation are numerous. National building code structure in Korea is much more complex than other countries. The purpose of this study is to suggest the typology method of building code and apply to real regulations. To achieve this purpose, the authors have extracted required information to from original regulation for code checking and suggested mapping methods between extracted information and information of IFC scheme. In addition, the authors have represented EXPRESS-G diagram for extracting information from IFC scheme and suggested code checking method through stair case. Output of this study can be used as a base line data for automated code checking system based on open BIM. Automated code checking system will be utilized in architectural design evaluations and supported to increase design quality. It can be used to mount in SEUMTER that is the construction administration system of Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport (MOLIT).