• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.191-202
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• 2007

We developed an in-situ analyzer to understand the HONO levels in indoor environments. The in-situ measurement system utilizes a diffusion scrubber and luminol chemiluminescence to measure the HONO concentration with time resolution of 4-minute. Concentrations of NO, $NO_{2}$, and HONO were determined at an indoor air of an apartment for 9 days using the developed in-situ analyzer. Indoor HONO concentrations were highly elevated when a gas range was operated. Enhancements of the indoor NO, $NO_{2}$, and HONO concentrations during combustion indicate that the observed indoor HONO was formed by direct emission. In addition to the direct emission, the indoor HONO was partially generated from heterogeneous reactions of $NO_{2}$ on indoor surfaces, which was supported by strong relationships between peak NO, $NO_{2}$, and HONO concentrations, high HONO/$NO_{2}$ ratio and a weak correlation between NO and HONO concentrations. Additionally, three combustion experiments during the whole measurement period were performed to investigate the effects of unvented and vented gas burning on the HONO, NO, and $NO_{2}$ concentrations and their decay. The decay rate of the HONO concentration was significantly less than the NO and $NO_{2}$ decay rates for all the experiments, indicating that the lifetimes of trace nitrogen species in indoor environment varied in the order approximately HONO>$NO_{2}$>NO.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.108-112
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• 1997

Recently, the use of Dwelling House has been expanded due to the rapid urbainzation and congestion of population in City. Indoor Air Quality in apartment houses was investigated by measuring pollutants such as $CO_2$ gas, dust concentration. In this study, the mesurements of indoor air environment were performed in Dwelling house in Seoul area to investigate indoor air environment and the relation of air contaminative and the response level. Indoor air contamination and living environment of the occupants have been compared & analyzed with practical investigation of IAQ in Seoul, Korea and Tokyo, Japan.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제24권11호
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• pp.171-178
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 노인요양병원의 실내공기질 관리계획을 제안하고자 노인요양병원의 실내공기질 수준을 측정하고 근무자의 실내공기질에 대한 인식에 대하여 조사하였다. 측정 항목은 온도, 습도, CO2, CO, PM10, VOC이며 2019년 4월 26일에 실시하였다. 설문 조사에 따르면 실내 공기질에 대한 만족도가 낮을수록 실외 공기질이 더 좋다고 응답하였으며 실내환경 요소 중 악취가 가장 낮은 것으로 응답하였으며 실내 공기질의 만족도가 높을 경우 실내환경 요소의 만족도도 높은 것으로 분석되었다. 다중응답 분석결과 "환기 부족"이었고 회귀 분석 결과 "공기질 관련성" 항목이 가장 낮은 것으로 분석되었다. 노인 요양 병원의 실내 공기질 환경을 최고 수준으로 유지하려면 냄새를 제거하기 위한 환기 장지를 추가로 설치하고 자연 환기 횟수를 늘리고 정기적인 환기담당자를 지정해야 할 것으로 판단된다. 이러한 계획을 수립함으로써 노인요양병원 근무자에게 최상의 서비스를 제공하기 위한 실내 공기질 환경을 제공 할 수 있다.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.19-26
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• 2017

The purpose of study developing Development evaluation methods of light environment for indoor of middle school based on 'Biophilia'. This study is mainly based on literary review and survey research. To construct structural questionnaire based on 'Light and Space' of Biophilic Design for well being lighting environmental evaluation. We construct structural questionnaire that have 10 evaluation factors and 60 detail evaluation items to evaluate lighting environment for indoor of middle school based on biophilia theory. To survey students' subjective evaluation, the participant of study has been selected with the total number of 232 middle school students. The data were analyzed using Multiple Regression Analysis by IBM SPSS statistics 21. The result of pearson correlation analysis between satisfaction of indoor light environment and school life satisfaction, satisfaction of the whole indoor light environment was found showing positive relationship with school life satisfaction. The results of light environmental evaluation were factor 3,6,8,9 was lower than others. This study was designed to suggesting an evaluation method of light environment of the school. Biophilia theory said when 10 evaluation factor are in harmony, light environment can be well-being. So, factor 3,6,8,9 that are important elements to increase the satisfaction of lighting environment are consider carefully for the plan of indoor lighting environment.

• 웰빙융합연구
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.19-31
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• 2022

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify indoor air quality in various living spaces using sensors that can measure noise, vibration, fine dust, and odor in real time and to propose optimal indoor air quality maintenance management using Internet of Things(IoT). Research design, data and methodology: Using real-time sensors to monitor physical factors and environmental air pollutants that affect the comfort of the residential environment, Noise, Vibration, Atmospheric Pressure, Blue Light, Formaldehyde, Hydrogen Sulfide, Illumination, Temperature, Ozone, PM10, Aldehyde, Amine, LVOCs and TVOCs were measured. It were measured every 1 seconds from 4 offices and 4 stores on a small scale from November 2018 to January 2019. Results: The difference between illuminance and blue light for each measuring point was found to depend on lighting time, and the ratio of blue light in total illumination was 0.358 ~ 0.393. Formaldehyde and hydrogen sulphide were found to be higher than those that temporarily attract people in an indoor office space that is constantly active, requiring office air ventilation. The noise was found to be 50dB higher than the office WHO recommendation noise level of 35 ~ 40dB. The most important factors for indoor environmental quality were temperature> humidity> illumination> blue light in turn. Conclusions: Various factors that determine the comfort of indoor living space can be measured with real-time sensors. Further, it is judged that the use of IoT can help maintain indoor air quality comfortably.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.71-76
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• 2016

Purpose: This study aimed at improving the indoor environment of the office building by measuring the indoor environment and conducting a survey. Method: The measurement was conducted from January 13 to March 16 in 2012, targeting 44 sites in same office building located in Seoul, South Korea. The lists of measurement such as dry-blub temperature, relative humidity, formaldehyde (HCHO), asbestos, carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and particle pollution (PM10) were measured. In addition, illuminance which belongs to light environment and noise in sound[acoustical] environment were measured respectively. Result: The buildings showed overall pleasant conditions. In terms of the thermal, air, sound, and visual environment, each measurements were satisfied with the requirements in standard, within pleasant ranges, except several sites. However, the survey results were revealed that the office workers were mostly dissatisfied with their indoor environment. Given that the measured values were mostly within standards, the results of survey might have resulted from a compensation mentality biased toward the subjects in psychological terms.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.64-69
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• 2003

Recently, Indoor air quality(IAQ) in workplace, residential environments and office has been concern of people, scientists and related the public. The oxygen in air was very important and essential element in every aspect of life. This study was performed on a questionnaire survey of 400 people about their awareness of indoor air quality, oxygen generators and measured of oxygen concentration in indoor environment. The results obtained were as follows; As respondents are having their 90% of daytime indoors a day, and 80% of them can feel indoor air pollutions degrees directly by particle matters. The control of most important problems of IAQ was the poor ventilation. We know that 22% of the respondents was recognized the oxgen generator. And for the installation of indoor pollution control equipment, 20% of all respondents installed oxygen generators because almost respondents was not satified the trust of ability purified indoor air pollutants. In the experimental results, it was found that the oxygen concentration of sampling sites were in the range of 20~23.5%. Therefore, it was recommended that the government related IAQ was suggested the guideline and control of oxygen generators. Finally, it appeared that the oxygen generators using indoor environment can be applied to new technology for cleaning of indoor air.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.160-165
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• 2005

Schools have significant and serious indoor environmental health problem, of which indoor air quality (IAQ) in school building may affect the health of the students and indirectly affect learning performance. Schools are of special concern when regarding indoor exposure to air pollutants, because students are particularly sensitive to pollutants and spend a significant amount of time in that environment. Therefore researches for improvement of indoor air quality have been developed such as installation of air cleaning device, ventilation system, titanium dioxide(TiO2) coating and so on. However, it is difficult to evaluate the magnitude of improvement of indoor air quality in field study because indoor air quality can be affected by source generation, outdoor air level, ventilation, decay by reaction, temperature, humidity, mixing condition and so on. In this study, evaluation of reduction of formaldehyde emission rate in school indoor environments by far-Infrared ray coating material was carried out using mass balance model in indoor environment. we proposed the evaluation method of magnitude of improvement in indoor air quality, considering outdoor level and ventilation. Since simple indoor concentration measurements could not properly evaluate the indoor air quality, outdoor level and ventilation should be considered when evaluate the indoor air quality.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.303-313
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• 2007

Nowadays, according to many studies, indoor space's pollution level is two to ten times higher than outdoor space's. This result arouses our attention. The major causes of deterioration of indoor air quality are the lack of ventilation caused by draught-proofing and insulation construction, and harmful chemical substances emitted from building materials, office machine and furniture. Therefore, we are continuing research to find the method for healthful house and production of many forms of well-being goods. However, because of exaggerated advertisements and the lack of accurate information, consumers choose the products whose performance is not verified. Therefore, this study investigates the actual conditions of pollution by building materials and the extent of the health damage by this pollution, and suggests the method for minimizing indoor pollution in aspect of indoor environment control and the use of environment friendly materials. But the building materials presented in this study are limited to the environment friendly construction materials that are in circulation In domestic market because this research is primarily aimed to give domestic consumers the standard for selecting this materials.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.87-108
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• 2018

Schools are one of the critical social infrastructures in a society, the first place for social activity and the most important indoor environment for children besides the home. Poor IAQ in classrooms can increase the chance of long-term and short-term health problems for students and staffs; affects productivity of teachers; and degrade the student learning environment and comfort levels. The primary objective of this paper is to review and summarize available scientific evidence on indoor air quality of schools and related health effects in children. It was found that the indoor air pollutant levels in school buildings varied over a wide range in different parts of the world depending on site characteristics, climatic conditions, outdoor pollution levels, occupant activities, ventilation type and building practices. Among the indoor air pollutants, particulate matter concentrations were found to be very high in many schools. Outdoor pollutant sources also play a major role in affecting the IAQ of the school building. Hence, scientific knowledge on sources of indoor pollutants, quantification of emissions, temporal and spatial dispersion of pollutants, toxicological properties, chemical and morphological characteristics of the pollutants and associated health risk among children in the school buildings are essential to evaluate the adequacy and cost effectiveness of control strategies for mitigating the IAQ issues.