• 제목/요약/키워드: Individual characteristics

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중소기업 종업원의 지각된 기업특성과 개인특성이 직무만족에 미치는 영향 : 기업 혁신성의 매개 역할을 중심으로 (The Effect of Company Characteristics and Individual Characteristics Perceived by Employees of Small Businesses on Job Satisfaction : Focusing on Intermediary Role of Company Innovation)

  • 유은희;하규수
    • 벤처창업연구
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    • 제10권1호
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    • pp.1-12
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    • 2015
  • 본 연구에서는 중소기업 종업원의 지각된 기업특성과 개인특성이 직무만족에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고 특히, 기존의 연구에서 확장하여 기업혁신성이라는 기업관련 변수를 추가하여 살펴보았다. 이러한 연구는 중소기업의 CEO들이 조직구성원의 직무만족을 유발시키고 변화하는 글로벌 사회의 환경에 초점을 맞추어 관리방안들을 모색할 수 있도록 하여 조직의 활성화를 도모하고, 경영의 개선이나 제도적 발전을 위한 제언이 될 것이다. 본 연구는 중소기업 종업원들을 대상으로 약 2개월간 실시하였으며, 실증적 분석의 결과 첫째, 중소기업 종업원의 지각된 기업특성과 개인특성이 직무만족에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으나, 이중 직무스트레스가 직무만족에 영향을 미친다는 가설은 유의하지 않았다. 둘째, 중소기업 종업원의 지각된 기업특성과 개인특성이 기업혁신성에 미치는 영향관계 중 조직유연성과 CEO의 리더십, 회사의 의사소통과 부서간, 개인간 협력정도, 지각된 개인의 특성에서의 개인의 도전성은 기업혁신성에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으나, 직무스트레스는 영향을 미친다는 가설은 유의하지 않았다. 셋째, 기업혁신성은 직무만족에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 네째, 기업혁신성이 종업원의 지각된 기업특성 및 개인특성과 직무만족 사이에서의 매개효과 검증에서는 조직유연성과 소통과 협력은 부분매개를, CEO의 리더십은 완전매개 하는 것으로 나타났고, 개인의 도전성과는 완전매개를, 직무스트레스는 매개효과가 검증되지 않았다. 이러한 결과는 독립변수인 중소기업 종업원의 지각된 기업특성과 개인특성은 직무만족과의 직접적인 관계일 뿐아니라, 기업의 혁신성에 따라 매개되는 간접효과도 가진다는 것을 시사한다. 그러므로 중소기업 종업원들의 직무만족을 높이기 위해서는 기업의 혁신활동의 성과도 중요하다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 특히, 리더십과 개인의 도전성은 기업의 혁신성을 통해 완전 매개되므로 중소기업 종업원의 직무만족을 높이기 위해서는 조직의 혁신성 노력이 동시에 추진되어야 효과가 있다고 할 수 있겠다.

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대학교 음주관련 정책 환경이 대학생 음주문제에 미친 영향 (Effects of Policy and Environmental Characteristics of University on Drinking Problems among University Students)

  • 김광기;제갈정;이기일;박정은
    • 보건교육건강증진학회지
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    • 제29권2호
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    • pp.83-91
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    • 2012
  • Objectives: This study is to examine that drinking problems among university students were accounted for not only by student's individual characteristics but alcohol policy and environmental characteristics of the university in which students were enrolled. Method: Secondary data analysis was employed in which variables under study were derived from a raw data of a nationwide representative sample in 2009. Raw data under analysis included 3,665 students from 63 universities across Korea. Organizational and environmental characteristics of the university were collected from university administrators while individual characteristics and drinking behavior from the students in using self-administrated questionnaire. Multilevel regression analyses were employed to describe alcohol policy effects on students's drinking problems measured by AUDIT by using HLM7.0. Results: ICCs indicate that variation in drinking problem depends on alcohol policy of university. Multilevel regression models identified statistically significant factors in explaining variance of drinking problems. Group means on drinking problem are affected by indicators representing alcohol policy with level of drinking problem of student being decreased in accordance to level of availability of alcohol on campus. Conclusions: It is concluded that drinking problems among university students were associated with both individual characteristics and alcohol policy of the university they enrolled. This study supports policy belief that interventions at environmental as well as individual level are required to prevent drinking problem among university students.

기업조직의 기술유형에 따른 직무특성과 직무태도와의 관계에 대한 연구 (An Empirical Study on the Relationship between Job Characteristics and Job attitudes across Technological Classification in Business Organization)

  • 이선규;이웅희;최동국;이상록
    • 한국디지털정책학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국디지털정책학회 2006년도 추계학술대회
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    • pp.311-322
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    • 2006
  • Job is a basic factor which ties individual employee and organization, and it affects employee satisfaction and organizational effectiveness. It is usually found that the relationship between individual and organizational interests does not coincide each other in short-term. When job is being performed, it is important to have a job which satisfies individual interest and maximizes organizational goals in order to have an organizational effectiveness. The purposes of the study were designed to investigate the variations of the job characteristics and job attitude across technological classification, to examine the relationship of job attitude to the job characteristics employed by both socio-technological and job design approaches to organizational change, to find the job characteristics which characterized technological classification, and to test the moderating effects of demographic characteristics in korea organizations.

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인터넷 쇼핑몰의 특성과 사용자 수용간의 상황적 관계분석 (A Contingent Analyses on the Relationship Between the Characteristics of Internet Shopping Mall and User Acceptance)

  • 서건수
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • 제11권2호
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    • pp.23-55
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    • 2001
  • It is generally agreed that realizing the full potential of the internet shopping mall(ISM) requires careful identification of customer needs and expectations. However, a quantitative framework to explain and predict users' behavior toward ISM has not been well established because the research on the user acceptance of ISM is still in its infancy. This study proposes a model which uses factor analysis to identify factors of ISM characteristics and individual characteristics affecting user acceptance of ISM. Predictive models based on the multiple regression analyses select the factors and their interactions with individual characteristics that significantly influence user acceptance. Results show that five factors including economy, convenience, credibility, reliability, information risks, and performance risks affects user acceptance. In addition, individual differences in terms of innovativeness, playfulness, and recreational shopping traits have both direct and interaction effects on user acceptance. The implication of this study is that, although user attitudes towards ISM characteristics in general are important to their acceptance behavior, the level of importance depends upon different user groups.

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대학생의 개인 심리 특성이 안전행동에 미치는 영향 탐색 (An Exploratory Study of the Individual Characteristics Influencing the Safety Behavior of University Students)

  • 배성아;노수림;옥승용
    • 한국안전학회지
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    • 제31권3호
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    • pp.102-108
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    • 2016
  • As a range of accidents happen frequently in our society due to safety insensitivity, researches on individual psychological characteristics related to safety behavior and on safety education are increasing. However, safety behavior research that targets university students as potential employees remains rare. Therefore, this research investigates individual characteristics and psychological factors that affect safety behaviors of university students. Research participants were 131 university students (80 males, 51 females) from the Gyeonggi-do and Chungnam areas. Psychological characteristics (self-regulation, cognitive failure, conscientiousness, and emotional stability) were included as variables that may predict university students' safety behaviors (habits, compliance, mistakes, and violations). The major findings of the study are as follows. Stepwise regression analysis showed conscientiousness was a major predictor explaining safety habits and safety compliance; Cognitive failure and emotional stability were main predictors explaining safety mistakes, and self-regulation was a major predictor explaining safety violations. These findings suggest that development of proper education programs focusing on individual characteristics would allow systematic improvement of safety behaviors of university students.

특정 대상에 대한 개인 수준의 문화적 성향이 사용자 경험에 미치는 조절효과에 대한 실증적 연구: 미국, 독일, 러시아의 4개 디지털 기기 사용자를 대상으로 (An Empirical Study on How the Moderating Effects of Individual Cultural Characteristics towards a Specific Target Affects User Experience: Based on the Survey Results of Four Types of Digital Device Users in the US, Germany, and Russia)

  • 이인성;최지웅;김소령;이기호;김진우
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • 제19권1호
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    • pp.113-145
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    • 2009
  • Recently, due to the globalization of the IT(Information Technology) market, devices and systems designed in one country are used in other countries as well. This phenomenon is becoming the key factor for increased interest on cross-cultural, or cross-national, research within the IT area. However, as the IT market is becoming bigger and more globalized, a great number of IT practitioners are having difficulty in designing and developing devices or systems which can provide optimal experience. This is because not only tangible factors such as language and a country's economic or industrial power affect the user experience of a certain device or system but also invisible and intangible factors as well. Among such invisible and intangible factors, the cultural characteristics of users from different countries may affect the user experience of certain devices or systems because cultural characteristics affect how they understand and interpret the devices or systems. In other words, when users evaluate the quality of overall user experience, the cultural characteristics of each user act as a perceptual lens that leads the user to focus on a certain elements of experience. Therefore, there is a need within the IT field to consider cultural characteristics when designing or developing certain devices or systems and plan a strategy for localization. In such an environment, existing IS studies identify the culture with the country, emphasize the importance of culture in a national level perspective, and hypothesize that users within the same country have same cultural characteristics. Under such assumptions, these studies focus on the moderating effects of cultural characteristics on a national level within a certain theoretical framework. This has already been suggested by cross-cultural studies conducted by scholars such as Hofstede(1980) in providing numerical research results and measurement items for cultural characteristics and using such results or items as they increase the efficiency of studies. However, such national level culture has its limitations in forecasting and explaining individual-level behaviors such as voluntary device or system usage. This is because individual cultural characteristics are the outcome of not only the national culture but also the culture of a race, company, local area, family, and other groups that are formulated through interaction within the group. Therefore, national or nationally dominant cultural characteristics may have its limitations in forecasting and explaining the cultural characteristics of an individual. Moreover, past studies in psychology suggest a possibility that there exist different cultural characteristics within a single individual depending on the subject being measured or its context. For example, in relation to individual vs. collective characteristics, which is one of the major cultural characteristics, an individual may show collectivistic characteristics when he or she is with family or friends but show individualistic characteristics in his or her workplace. Therefore, this study acknowledged such limitations of past studies and conducted a research within the framework of 'theoretically integrated model of user satisfaction and emotional attachment', which was developed through a former study, on how the effects of different experience elements on emotional attachment or user satisfaction are differentiated depending on the individual cultural characteristics related to a system or device usage. In order to do this, this study hypothesized the moderating effects of four cultural dimensions (uncertainty avoidance, individualism vs, collectivism, masculinity vs. femininity, and power distance) as suggested by Hofstede(1980) within the theoretically integrated model of emotional attachment and user satisfaction. Statistical tests were then implemented on these moderating effects through conducting surveys with users of four digital devices (mobile phone, MP3 player, LCD TV, and refrigerator) in three countries (US, Germany, and Russia). In order to explain and forecast the behavior of personal device or system users, individual cultural characteristics must be measured, and depending on the target device or system, measurements must be measured independently. Through this suggestion, this study hopes to provide new and useful perspectives for future IS research.

전자상거래 이용자의 프라이버시 염려에 관한 연구 : 정보경계이론을 중심으로 (A Study on the Privacy Concern of e-commerce Users: Focused on Information Boundary Theory)

  • 김종기;오다운
    • 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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    • 제26권2호
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    • pp.43-62
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    • 2017
  • Purpose This study provided empirical support for the model that explain the formation of privacy concerns in the perspective of Information Boundary Theory. This study investigated an integrated model suggesting that privacy concerns are formed by the individual's disposition to value privacy, privacy awareness, awareness of privacy policy, and government legislation. The Information Boundary Theory suggests that the boundaries of information space dependends on the individual's personal characteristics and environmental factors of e-commerce. When receiving a request for personal information from e-commerce websites, an individual assesses the risk depending on the risk-control assessment, the perception of intrusion give rise to privacy concerns. Design/methodology/approach This study empirically tested the hypotheses with the data collected in a survey that included the items measuring the constructs in the model. The survey was aimed at university students. and a causal modeling statistical technique(PLS) is used for data analysis in this research. Findings The results of the survey indicated significant relationships among environmental factors of e-commerce websites, individual's personal privacy characteristics and privacy concerns. Both individual's awareness of institutional privacy assurance on e-commerce and the privacy characteristics affect the risk-control assessment towards information disclosure, which becomes an essential components of privacy concerns.

MFSK Signal Individual Identification Algorithm Based on Bi-spectrum and Wavelet Analyses

  • Ye, Fang;Chen, Jie;Li, Yibing;Ge, Juan
    • KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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    • 제10권10호
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    • pp.4808-4824
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    • 2016
  • Signal individual reconnaissance and identification is an extremely important research topic in non-cooperative domains such as electronic countermeasures and intelligence reconnaissance. Facing the characteristics of the complexity and changeability of current communication environment, how to realize radiation source signal individual identification under the low SNR conditions is an emphasis of research. A novel emitter individual identification method combined bi-spectrum analysis with wavelet feature is presented in this paper. It makes a feature fusion of bi-spectrum slice characteristics and energy variance characteristics of the secondary wavelet transform coefficient to identify MFSK signals under the low SNR (signal-to-noise ratios) environment. Theoretical analyses and computer simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has good recognition performance with the ability to suppress noise and interference, and reaches the recognition rate of more than 90% when the SNR is -6dB.

보건소 진료실을 이용한 개별보건교육이 고혈압혼자의 지식, 자기효능감, 자가간호행위에 미치는 효과 (Effect of Individual Health Education the Medical Clinic of Public Health Centers on Knowledge, Self-efficacy, and Self-care behavior in Clients with Hypertension)

  • 이현정
    • 한국보건간호학회지
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    • 제18권1호
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    • pp.80-89
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    • 2004
  • This study focused on individual health education for people with hypertension who were being seen in public health centers. The program was an adjusted intervention program that considered the characteristics of each individual and reflected the individual's will to change. Each individual had a different lifestyle with different characteristics and habits so the study considered these individual's characteristics. A comparison was done of knowledge related to hypertension, self-efficacy, and self-care in these individuals. In order to determine the effectiveness of education given by the nurses the variables were measured before and after the individual health education program. The participants in this study were 85 people with hypertension who were seen at a public health center in G city. They were assigned to an experimental group (43) and a control group (42). A tool developed by Park Young-Im (1994) was used to measure knowledge related to hypertension and self-efficacy. A tool developed by Lee Young-Whee (1994) was used for self-care. Data collection was done for 10 weeks from March 24 to May 31, 2003 using interviews with questionnaires. The following is a summary of the results of the study. Hypothesis 1, 'the experimental group which had the individual health education will have higher knowledge scores on hypertension than the control group that did not have the individual health education' was supported (t=4.17, P=0.00). Hypothesis 2, 'the experimental group which had the individual health education will have higher self-efficacy scores than the control group that did not have the individual health education' was supported (t=4.06, P=0.00). Hypothesis 3, 'the experimental group which had the individual health education will have better self-care ability than the control group that did not have the individual health education' was supported (t=4.94, P=0.00). Based on the results of this study, the public health centers should develop an educational program that uses a variety of visual aids and assess the effects of the education on patients with different chronic diseases. After the development of an inclusive education program which will standardize health education effectively and provide a variety of teaching methods, study is needed to measure changes in lifestyle after education and to determine how much knowledge related to hypertension, self-efficacy, and self-care increase

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Characteristics of Individuals Influencing Adoption Intentions for Portable Internet Service

  • Kim, Moon-Koo;Jee, Kyoung-Yong
    • ETRI Journal
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    • 제28권1호
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    • pp.67-76
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    • 2006
  • This study aims to identify the factors that influence adoption intentions towards portable Internet service, based on the individual characteristics that assist in creating markets and developing strategies. Two types of factors are defined: individual characteristics including demographics, existing services usages, prior knowledge, adoption attitudes, and service evaluations; and adoption intentions including the willingness to subscribe, subscription term, willingness to pay, usage type, and preferred terminal. The results indicate that the importance of demographic variables depends on adoption intentions, and that users of mobile Internet service and wireless LAN are probably targets for portable Internet service. Furthermore, the results demonstrate the need for an enhanced perception of the usefulness and ease of use of service, as well as an intensive marketing activity for potential users and a bearable innovation to stimulate the market for portable Internet service.

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