• Journal of Species Research
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• v.12 no.spc2
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• pp.1-6
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• 2023

During an investigation into the indigenous prokaryotic species diversity in Korea, a total of five bacterial strains were isolated from various environments in Korea. The isolated bacterial strains were identified by analyzing their 16S rRNA gene sequences, and those with a minimum of 98.7% sequence similarity with known bacterial species but not reported in Korea were designated as unrecorded species. These isolates were assigned to three phyla, five orders, five families, and five different genera. The isolates were identified as Cumulibacter manganitolerans (99.1%) and Myolicibacterium tusciae (98.7%) of the class Actinomycetes; Bacillus marasmi (99.9%) of the class Bacilli; and Novosphingobium mathurense (100%) and Microvirga ossetica (98.8%) of the class Alphaproteobacteria. Gram reaction, colony and cellular morphology, basic biochemical characteristics, and phylogenetic position of theses isolates are also described.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.75-85
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• 2020

The collection of biological data of indigenous species must comply with the Nagoya Protocol. Fungi contain various bioactive substances making them an attractive source of several products, including food and medicines. In this study, we investigated the growth characteristics of five indigenous fungal strains, Fomitiporia punctata, Polyporus ulleungus, P. brumalis, Gymnopus subnudus, and Tyromyces kmetii, isolated from samples collected in the Ulleungdo Island. The growth rates for each strain were assessed across various temperatures (20 ℃ to 35 ℃), culture media (Potato dextrose agar, Malt extract & Yeast extract agar, Malt extract agar, Malt extract & peptone agar, Sabouraud dextrose agar, and Modified Melin-Norkrans agar), and pH conditions (4.0 to 8.0). Additionally, we assessed the mycelial growth characteristics in liquid culture. The mycelial growth in different media varied across species; specifically, F. punctata (in MMNA), G subnudus (in MMNA), and P. brumalis (in MEPA) showed rapid growth. Optimal growth temperatures ranged between 25 ℃ and 30 ℃ for most species, with the exception of T. kmetii and P. brumalis, which were able to grow across all the temperatures tested. P. brumalis showed the best growth rate, whereas P. ulleungus showed the lowest growth potential. The optimal pH conditions for mycelial growth ranged between 4.0 and 5.0. In experiments using culture flasks, the dry weight of the culture filtrates decreased with the increasing incubation time and showed a significant decrease between 1 and 6 months of incubation, indicating that the five strains take longer than a month to fully use the culture media. Our findings highlight and establish the optimal growth conditions for five different fungal species that can be used in future application studies.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.378-387
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• 2009

To investigate the effects of sago palm pith (SPP) substitution of corn in the diets on intake, digestibility, rumen fermentation characteristics, nitrogen balance and microbial N Supply, five ruminally fistulated Southern indigenous cattle (mean initial BW = 226${\pm}$5 kg) were randomly assigned to a 5${\times}$5 Latin Square Design to receive five diets, $T_1$ = concentrate with 0% SPP, $T_2$ = 25% SPP, $T_3$ = 50% SPP, $T_4$ = 75% SPP and $T_5$ = 100% SPP, of dietary dry matter, respectively. Plicatulum hay (PH) was offered ad libitum as the roughage. A metabolism trial lasted for 21 days during which liveweight changes and feed intakes were measured. Based on this experiment, there were no significant differences (p>0.05) among treatments groups regarding total DM intake (OMI, NDFI and ADFI) and digestion coefficients of nutrients (DM, OM, CP, NDF and ADF), while total DM intake (% BW) was significantly (p<0.05) higher as higher levels of SPP were incorporated into diets. Rumen parameters (ruminal temperature, pH, glucose, packed cell volume, volatile fatty acid and rumen microorganism populations) were similar among treatments (p>0.05), whereas $NH_3-N$, blood urea nitrogen and molar proportion of propionate concentrations were significantly (p<0.05) higher as higher levels of SPP were incorporated into diets. The amount of N absorption, N retention and microbial protein synthesis were similar among treatments. These results indicate that SPP can be included in diets for Southern indigenous cattle to supply up to 100% of supplemental corn when fed with PH without negative impact on animal performance and it was a good approach in exploiting the use of local feed resources for beef cattle production.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.94-103
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• 2016

Landfarming that supplies aerobic biodegradation condition to indigenous microbes in soils is a biological remediation technology. In this research, volatilization and biodegradation rate by indigenous microbes in the soil contaminated with total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) were measured. Soils were contaminated with diesel artificially and divided into two parts. One was sterilized by autoclave to remove indigenous microorganism and the other was used as it was. Various moisture contents and number of tillings were applied to the soil to find out proper condition to minimize volatilization and enhance bioremediation. Volatilization of TPH was inhibited and biodegradation was enhanced by increase on moisture content. Tilling was usually used to supply air for microbes, but tillings did not affect the growth of microbes in our study. Enough moisture content and proper aeration are important to control volatilization in landfarming. Also, TPH degradation was a function of the microbe counts (x₁), numbers of tilling (x₂), and moisture content (x₃) from the application of the response surface methodology. Statistical results showed the order of significance of the independent variables to be microbe counts > numbers of tilling > moisture content.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.15-24
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• 2019

The study was compared for soil chemical and microbial properties as well as growth of the cherry tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum var. cerasiforme) plants environmentally friendly gown for 3 years and 5 years, which had been fertigated with homemade liquid fertilizer (LF) with indigenous microorganism as an additional fertilizer. Treatment included LF with indigenous microorganism for 3 years (3-year IM-LF) and for 5 years (5-year IM-LF), with an effective microorganism for 10 years (EM-LF), which had been applied with 1,000 times of dilution in the farmhouse. IM-LF and EM-LF materials had increased pH pattern for 16 weeks, in particular for increase of 1.2 for EM-LF. IM-LF material contained slightly higher EC but similar level of 0.2 dS/m to EM-LF. For a pot experiment in the greenhouse, IM-LF treatment increased root dry weight of the cherry tomato plants. In the farmhouse experiment, IM-LF treatment increased to 7.5 of soil pH and 8.4 dS/m of EC, indicating high salt accumulation. EM-LF treatment increased to 62 g/kg of soil OM, which would have affected concentrations of macro essential nutrients, including T-N in the soil. However, the optimum soil chemical levels for growth of cherry tomato plants were observed on the IM-LF plots. EM-LF treatment increased number of bacteria and actinobacteria in the soil. EM-LF treatment increased concentrations of macro essential nutrients in the plants, except for P, with similar nutrient concentrations observed between 3-year IM-LF and 5-year IM-LF-treated plants. Leaf SPAD and PS II levels decreased in the plants treated with 3-year IM-LF. EM-LF treatment increased leaf width and length, number of leaves, canopy area, plant height, and stem diameter in the mid-term stage of growth, which were not significantly different between the treatments. EM-LF treated-plants had two times higher leaf dry weight than those of values observed on the IM-LF plants, which was the opposite result observed on the number of fruit.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.158-161
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• 2004

Chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons (CAHs) especially perchlorethylene (PCE) and trichlooethylene (TCE) are common groundwater contaminants in Korea. PCE and TCE were often reductively dechiorinated in an aquifer. Several isolates dechlorinate PCE to TCE or cis-1,2 dichloroethylene (c-DCE) were obtained from contaminated and pristine sites in USA and Europe. However in Korea, no information on indigenous microorganism being involved in reductive dechlorination of PCE and TCE is available and different dechlorinating microorganisms might be reside in Korea, since geochemical, and hydrogeological conditions are different, compared to those in the other sites. So we evaluate that: 1) if reductive dechlorinating microorganisms are present in PCE-contaminated site in Korea, 2) if so, what kinds of microorganisms are present; 3) to what extent PCE is reductively dechlorinated. As a results in some PCE-contaminated aquifers in Korea other dechlorinating microorganisms but Dehalococcoides ethenogenes may be responsible for PCE dechlorination. More detailed molecular works are required to evaluate that different dechlorinating microorganisms would reside in Korea.

• Journal of Species Research
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.214-223
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• 2017

As part of a larger study with the aim to discover indigenous prokaryotic species in Korea, nine bacterial strains were isolated and assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria in 2016. High 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (>98.5%) and formation of a robust phylogenetic clades with known species indicated that each strain belongs to an independent and predefined bacterial species. This is the first report of these nine species in Korea: two strains of the Methylobacterium, two strains of the Microvirga, one strain of the Pantoea, and four strains of the Psychrobacter, all within the Proteobacteria. Gram reaction, colony and cell morphology, basic biochemical characteristics, and isolation sources are also described in the species description section.

• Mycobiology
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.346-354
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• 2021

The genus Aspergillus is commonly isolated from various marine and terrestrial environments; however, only a few species have been studied in rhizosphere soil. As part of the Korean indigenous fungal excavation project, we investigated fungal diversity from rhizosphere soil, focusing on Aspergillus species. A total of 13 strains were isolated from the rhizosphere soil of three different plants. Based on phylogenetic analysis of β-tubulin and calmodulin and morphological characteristics, we identified five Aspergillus species. A. calidoustus and A. pseudodeflectus were commonly isolated from the rhizosphere soil. Four species were confirmed as unrecorded species in Korea: A. calidoustus, A. dimorphicus, A. germanicus, and A. pseudodeflecuts. The detailed morphological descriptions of these unrecorded species are provided.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.385-392
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• 2021

The fungi play important roles in maintaining the balance and homeostasis of natural ecosystems. We investigated fungal specimens indigenous to the Gayasan National Park located in the deep inlands of southeastern Korea from 2017-2020. Six fungal species in the Korean macromycota-Chiua olivaceoreticulata, Entoloma conchatum, Galerina sulciceps, Hebeloma radicosoides, Spongiporus gloeoporus, and Tricholoma sinoacerbum-were identified based on morphological characteristics and rDNA sequences. The six fungal speices were newly revealed on the Korean Peninsula, and it supports that the continuous investigaton is the best way to realize the mycosis.

• Mycobiology
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.184-194
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• 2020

Macrofungi play important roles in forest ecology as wood decayers, symbionts, and pathogens of living trees. For the effective forest management, it is imperative to have a comprehensive overview of macrofungi diversity in specific areas. As a part of the National Institute of Biological Resources projects for discovering indigenous fungi in Korea, we collected macrofungi in Gayasan National Park from 2017 to 2018. These specimens were identified based on morphological characteristics and sequence analysis of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) or the nuclear large subunit rRNA (LSU) region. We discovered 17 macrofungi new to Korea: Butyrea japonica, Ceriporia nanlingensis, Coltricia weii, Coltriciella subglobosa, Crepidotus crocophyllus, Cylindrobasidium laeve, Fulvoderma scaurum, Laetiporus cremeiporus, Lentinellus castoreus, Leucogyrophana mollusca, Marasmius insolitus, Nidularia deformis, Phaeophlebiopsis peniophoroides, Phanerochaete angustocystidiata, Phlebiopsis pilatii, Postia coeruleivirens, and Tengioboletus fujianensis. We described their detailed morphological characteristics.