• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제12권4호
• /
• pp.503-510
• /
• 2003

How to plan the energy system is one of the keys f3r constructing the Environment -Friendly City. for this reason, a great number of surveys for utilizing unused energy have conducted by a planner. In regard to unused energy, the heat from incineration plants classify as a unused energy having high-exergy-energy. From this point of view, It is studied about the plant systems providing heat to district heating & cooling(D.H.C) and producing electric power. It is divided four system models as system I (10K [kgf/cm$^2$) vapor as outlet of boiler, supply far 10K vapor and return to 60$^{\circ}C$ as supply condition of district heating), system II (30 K vapor as outlet of boiler, supply for 5t vapor and return to 60f as supply condition of district heating), system 111 (30 K vapor as outlet of boiler, supply for 85$^{\circ}C$ hot water and return to 60$^{\circ}C$ as supply condition of district heating), system IV (30 K vapor as outlet of boiler, supply for 47$^{\circ}C$ hot water and return to 40t as supply condition of district heating). The results from the upper condition of four system, System II got a proper on economical benefits and system IV calculated as benefiting on energy saving effects, and suggest indifference curve as the total evaluation method of both economical benefits and energy saving.

• 벤처창업연구
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.105-111
• /
• 2012

한국 교육의 양적 성장이 증대된 지금, 교육의 질적 향상을 위하여 현 교육의 실태를 돌아보아야 할 때이다. 현교육에 대한 부정적 인식과 긍정적 인식의 측면을 파악하고자 한다면, 우리 교육의 역사적 맥락을 어떻게 인식하고 있는지를 먼저 알아보아야 한다. 이러한 전통 교육에 대한 인식을 알아보는 것은 앞으로 역사 교육이나 다가올 통일 시대를 대비하여 정립해 나가야 할 인문학 전반의 노력이 되어야 할지도 모른다. 선행연구가 부족한 이러한 인식에 대한 연구 방법으로 근거이론을 통한 질적 연구 방법을 실행하고자 한다. 근거이론의 방법론은 학제 간연계의 가능성을 시사하리라 기대한다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.290-300
• /
• 1982

The study deals with the empirical research on the condition of nutrient intake of low income class which be represented by urban slum and rural area, with the analysis of the factors which might influence on the prevalent condition of nutrient- intake. The method of the research was based on the spot-survey with questionaires. The result is that the levels of nutrient-intake are below the standard requirement level of nutrients in both of urban slum and rural area. The level of nutrient intake in urban slum lies in approximately 50% of the standard requirement level and 80% of the standard requirement level in rural area. The extent of malnutrition was explained in terms of the amount of calorie, protein, calcium and iron. More than half of the population in the community are below the standard requirement level of the nutrient- intake. The problem of malnutrition was serious in urban slum than in rural areas, which made a good contrast with the result of Peru study. Deficiency in calcium was most serious. The factor analysis of the prevalent condition of malnutrition in low class suggests that 1) The function of local market in supplying food is not so effective in the sense that the quality of the foods purchased id the local market is poor. 2) Low level of knowledge, the consequent ignorance and the indifference to the nutrition and the low income led to malnutrition. The level of income and the education were significantly correlated to the nutrient-intake.

• 무역상무연구
• /
• 제25권
• /
• pp.75-98
• /
• 2005

With the advent of new customs and practice of electronic records, the eUCP provides some useful guidance to accommodate the presentation of the paper documents electronically and also provides necessary rules to allow the UCP and eUCP to work together. There is no denying the fact that many of the UCP articles are not impacted by the presentation of electronic equivalent of paper documents, so the integrated application of the UCP and eUCP will be broad enough to allow for developing practice in this area. This study discusses some theoretical implication for efficient utilization of the global usages of letter of credit through the finding of optimal solution in the state of uncertainty caused by the electronic presentation of documents. This study suggest that the decision rules be developed to show how individuals choose optimal portfolio between the eUCP and the UCP that maximize their expected utility in letter of credit transaction, and also suggest that the optimal portfolio be determined at the point of tangency between the efficient trading line and the highest indifference curve in the mean-variance plane. This study finally recommends three rebuttable doctrines with regard to the relationship between the eUCP and UCP such as linkage characteristics, generation lap propensity, and homothetic application rule, which may be the critical standards for understanding of the integrated usages of the eUCP and UCP.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
• /
• 제4권
• /
• pp.113-130
• /
• 2004

Korea may have the social environment that has a high interest and demand for the fashion industry, but the relative importance that the Hanbok industry occupies in the fashion industry is very low. It can be found that this is attributed to the difficulty in identifying the trends of Hanbok due to the smallness of Hanbok material producers and Hanbok producers, a change in consumers' consciousness of Hanbok, the difficulty of ties and integration between Hanbok-related organizations, the lack of support from government and the like. Given the recent trend that the principal factor that enables the Korean fashion industry to be competitive in the world fashion business community is based on the beauty of Hanbok, this indifference to the Korean Hanbok industry would be the roadblock to internationalizing the Korean fashion industry. Accordingly, this study attempted to identify the problem of Hanbok-rela1ed department as the basic work for the development of the Hanbok industry and present the plan to activate it, thereby providing basic materials for exploiting the new arena of the Hanbok cultural industry the domestic and foreign fashion market in the 21st century.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제10권4호
• /
• pp.1471-1479
• /
• 2015

A major portion of the capital costs in the present day power transmission systems are due to the cost of equipment and construction process. Transmission utilities in the recent years are drawing greater attention towards performing life cycle costing studies for cost management and decision making. However, the data involved in these studies are highly uncertain and the effect of these uncertainties cannot be directly included in the study process, resulting in inaccurate solutions. Interval mathematics provides a method for including these uncertainties throughout the cost analysis and provides final solution range in the form of intervals. In this regard, it is essential and extremely important that significant research has to be carried out in understanding the principles of life cycle costing methodology and its applicability to cost analysis of transmission lines along with uncertainties involved in the cost assessment process. In this paper, economic analysis of power transmission lines using interval mathematics has been studied. Life cycle costing studies are performed using net present value analysis on a range transmission lines used in India and the results are analyzed. A cost break even analysis considering right of way costs was carried out to determine the point of economy indifference.

• 대한산업공학회지
• /
• 제38권1호
• /
• pp.57-66
• /
• 2012

The paper deals with the development of a model for group decision making under multiple criteria. The Multi-criteria group decision making (MCGDM) is the process to determine the best compromise solution in a set of competing alternatives that are evaluated by decision makers having their own preferences on conflicting objectives. For MCGDM, we propose a Mixed-Integer Programming (MIP) model that implements a revised median approach by noticing that the original median approach cannot consider the willingness to reject and the indifferent preference conditions. The proposed MIP model tries to select a common best Pareto-optimal solution by maximizing the overall desirability considering the willingness to reject and the indifferent preference that represent the tolerance measure of each decision maker. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed model, we compared the results of the proposed model with those of the median approach. The results showed that the proposed MIP model produces more realistic and better compromised alternative by incorporating the decision maker's willingness to reject and the indifferent preferences over each criteria.

• 패션비즈니스
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.97-113
• /
• 2014

This study investigates consumer's traits of market segmentation based on the apparel benefits. The subjects were 302 college students living in Yunnam, China. The mean, ANOVA, factor analysis, Duncan test, and K-means cluster analysis were used for statisticals analysis. The results of this study are as follows. The college students were classified, into six subdivisions, according to the apparel benefits by cluster analysis: indifference group, utility pursuit group, hedonic/brand pursuit group, individuality pursuit group, social recognition/fashion pursuit group, and pursuit benefits-minded group. In the factors of happiness-pursuing and life-centered of materialism, significant differences were found according to the groups of apparel benefits, and all factors of symbolic consumption and brand loyalty were found to have significant differences according to the groups of apparel benefits. The evaluation criteria of clothing were significantly different, depending on apparel benefits subdivision in criteria of aesthetic, socio-psychological, and utility. The use of information was shown to have significant differences, according to the groups of apparel benefits. The study results are highly expected to be utilized as useful sources in marketing plans for the midwest of China.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제5권3호
• /
• pp.179-183
• /
• 2018

This study aims to explore the relationship between organizational justice and social loafing of organizations in Ho Chi Minh City through quantitative analysis from the survey data for the 228 employees are working at the Organizations in Ho Chi Minh City. The instrument of collecting data was a questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 22 and employing exploratory factor analysis (EFA), Cronbach's alpha, multiple regression analysis. The results showed that only two factors are Distributive justice and Procedural justice is to have the reverse effect on social loafing of employee. From the results of the study showed, Distributive justice and Procedural justice has the opposite effect of social loafing, which demonstrates that when individuals feel that their work is spent on Perform tasks in a clearly divided and they will receive a worthwhile result in the group when performing the task then the individual's collective indifference to the organization will decrease. And motivate the employee to make more efforts to work and contribute for the organization. In addition, the factor of Procedural justice also has the opposite effect of collective redundancy, which demonstrates that employees are more concerned about fairness in official policies and organizational procedures.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2008

지방자치는 국민들의 정치참여 및 자치의식의 함양을 통한 정치선진화를 위해 대단히 중요한 것인 만큼 이의 필요성을 직시하고 지방자치가 성공적으로 정착되어 발전할 수 있는 방안을 강구함이 타당하다. 이에 따라 지방자치와 관련하여 지방자치의 주체인 주민과 공무원, 지방의원을 대상으로 자치의식에 대하여 조사하였다. 조사결과 전문성 청렴성 등에서 문제가 있음도 나타났으며, 지역 및 집단 이기주의적 요소의 잠복과 함께 일부 주민들의 정치적 무관심이 심화되고 참여를 기피하는 현상도 밝혀졌다. 이는 무엇보다 지방자치를 이끌어가고 있는 참여자들의 자치의식의 정립과 지속적인 제고노력이 필요함을 시사하고 있다.