• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.3 no.5
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• pp.527-547
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• 2009

Moving object management is widely used in traffic, logistic and data mining applications in ubiquitous environments. It is required to analyze spatio-temporal data and trajectories for moving object management. In this paper, we proposed a novel index structure for spatio-temporal aggregation of trajectory in a constrained network, named aCN-RB-tree. It manages aggregation values of trajectories using a constraint network-based index and it also supports direction of trajectory. An aCN-RB-tree consists of an aR-tree in its center and an extended B-tree. In this structure, an aR-tree is similar to a Min/Max R-tree, which stores the child nodes' max aggregation value in the parent node. Also, the proposed index structure is based on a constrained network structure such as a FNR-tree, so that it can decrease the dead space of index nodes. Each leaf node of an aR-tree has an extended B-tree which can store timestamp-based aggregation values. As it considers the direction of trajectory, the extended B-tree has a structure with direction. So this kind of aCN-RB-tree index can support efficient search for trajectory and traffic zone. The aCN-RB-tree can find a moving object trajectory in a given time interval efficiently. It can support traffic management systems and mining systems in ubiquitous environments.

• Journal of KIISE:Databases
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.463-475
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• 2006

In applications such as a traffic management system, analysis using a spatial hierarchy of a spatial data warehouse and a simple aggregation is required. Over the past few years, several studies have been made on solution using a spatial index. Many studies have focused on using extended R-tree. But, because it just provides either the current aggregation or the total aggregation, decision support of traffic policy required historical analysis can not be provided. This paper proposes hybrid index based on extended aR-tree for the spatio-temporal aggregation. The proposed method supports a spatial hierarchy and the current aggregation by the R-tree. The sorted hash table using the time structure of the extended aR-tree provides a temporal hierarchy and a historical aggregation. Therefore, the proposed method supports an efficient decision support with spatio-temporal analysis and is Possible currently traffic analysis and determination of a traffic policy with historical analysis.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.56 no.8
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• pp.1367-1372
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• 2007

The modem large electric power system has made power system analysis much more complex and difficult. For effective analysis of the power system, model reduction and aggregation is required. In this paper, a new relation index to identify the coherency among the generators is presented and also a new aggregation method is presented to aggregate the coherent generators in the large scale power system while matching the power flow. In order to demonstrate the effects of this aggregation method, it is applied to the IEEE 39 bus test power system and to the 2006 summer power system of Korea Electric Power Corporation, and the simulation results are compared with those of the original system.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.139-163
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• 1979

Utilization of the aggregation concept applied in economics has been a traditional way of describing the state of an economic system and of predicting the future economic conditions. In addition, certain aggregate variables have also played a crucial role as indicators of the business cycle. Quick examples would be the price index, the productivity changes, the industrial production index, GNP, and so on. The methods of aggregation could be either simple summations, like GNP, or sophisticated weighted average, like the price index.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.339-341
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• 2006

Increasing interconnection of power plants in modern large electric power system has made power system dynamic studies much more complex. For effective analysis of the power system, model reduction and aggregation is required. In this paper, a new relation index is presented to identify the coherent generators in the large scale power system. In order to demonstrate the effects of this relation index, it is applied to a small scale power system of IEEE 39-bus test system and the simulation results are presented.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.9 no.12
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• pp.1529-1541
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• 2006

Moving objects have been widely employed in traffic and logistic applications. Spatio-temporal aggregations mainly describe the moving object's behavior in the spatial data warehouse. The previous works usually express the object moving in some certain region, but ignore the object often moving along as the trajectory. Other researches focus on aggregation and comparison of trajectories. They divide the spatial region into units which records how many times the trajectories passed in the unit time. It not only makes the storage space quite ineffective, but also can not maintain spatial data property. In this paper, a spatio-temporal aggregation index structure for moving object trajectory in constrained network is proposed. An extended B-tree node contains the information of timestamp and the aggregation values of trajectories with two directions. The network is divided into segments and then the spatial index structure is constructed. There are the leaf node and the non leaf node. The leaf node contains the aggregation values of moving object's trajectory and the pointer to the extended B-tree. And the non leaf node contains the MBR(Minimum Bounding Rectangle), MSAV(Max Segment Aggregation Value) and its segment ID. The proposed technique overcomes previous problems efficiently and makes it practicable finding moving object trajectory in the time interval. It improves the shortcoming of R-tree, and makes some improvement to the spatio-temporal data in query processing and storage.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.173-180
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• 1998

Thrombogenesis and atherosclerosis are mainly caused by platelet aggregation, blood coagulation, and hyperlipidemia. Platelet aggrelation, activated platelet thromboplastin time (APTT) were measured as indexes of blood coagulation and lipid contents in the subjects who have taken red ginseng products (e.g. water extract, tea, drink etc.) for 4 to 5 years. The platelet aggregation in the red ginseng-taking group was significantly decreased, as compared with the non-red ginseng-intaking group, when platelets were stimulated by 100 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml of collagen (P<0.01). The atherogenic index and the ratio of triglyceride to HDL-cholesterol in blood, the risk factors of atherosclerosis, were decreased in the subjects of ginseng group, compared with that in control group. APTT was also prolonged to greater extent in ginseng group than in control group. These results suggest that long-term intake of ginseng products may help to prevent the risks of thrombogenesis and atherosclerosis.

• Journal of Internet Technology
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.1287-1297
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• 2021

Data aggregation is the significant process in which the information is gathered and combines data to decrease the amount of data transmission in the WSN. The sensor devices are susceptible to node attacks and security issues such as data confidentiality and data privacy are extremely important. A novel technique called Ruzicka Index Regressive Homomorphic Ephemeral Key Benaloh Cryptography (RIRHEKBC) technique is introduced for enhancing the security of data aggregation and data privacy in WSN. By applying the Ruzicka Index Regressive Homomorphic Ephemeral Key Benaloh Cryptography, Ephemeral private and public keys are generated for each sensor node in the network. After the key generation, the sender node performs the encryption using the receiver public key and sends it to the data aggregator. After receiving the encrypted data, the receiver node uses the private key for decrypting the ciphertext. The key matching is performed during the data decryption using Ruzicka Indexive regression function. Once the key is matched, then the receiver collects the original data with higher security. The simulation result proves that the proposed RIRHEKBC technique increases the security of data aggregation and minimizes the packet drop, and delay than the state-of-the- art methods.

• Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.61-66
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• 2007

The aggregation characteristics of red blood cells (RBCs) are known as important factors in the microvascular flow system, and increased RBC aggregation has been observed in various pathological diseases, such as thrombosis and myocardial infarction. This paper describes a simple microfluidic device for measuring the RBC aggregation by integrating a microfluidic slit rheometry and laser-backscattering technique. While a decreasing-pressure mechanism was applied to the microfluidic rheometry, a syllectogram (the light intensity versus time) showed an initial increase and a peak caused by the high shear stress-induced disaggregation, immediately followed by a decrease in the light intensity due to RBC aggregation. The critical shear stress (CST) corresponding to the peak intensity was examined as a new index of the RBC aggregation characteristics. The CST of RBCs increased with increasing aggregation-dominating protein (fibrinogen) in the blood plasma. The essential feature of this design was the combination of the rheometric-optic characterization of RBC aggregation with a microfluidic chip, which may potentially allow cell aggregation measurements to be easily carried out in a clinical setting.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.101-113
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• 2015

Air quality index (AQI) or air pollution index (API) is commonly used to report the level of severity of air pollution to public. A number of methods were developed in the past by various researchers/environmental agencies for determination of AQI or API but there is no universally accepted method exists, which is appropriate for all situations. Different method uses different aggregation function in calculating AQI or API and also considers different types and numbers of pollutants. The intended uses of AQI or API are to identify the poor air quality zones and public reporting for severity of exposure of poor air quality. Most of the AQI or API indices can be broadly classify as single pollutant index or multi-pollutant index with different aggregation method. Every indexing method has its own characteristic strengths and weaknesses that affect its suitability for particular applications. This paper attempt to present a review of all the major air quality indices developed worldwide.