• 한국정밀공학회지
• /
• 제23권8호
• /
• pp.171-177
• /
• 2006

This study was performed as a part of the research on the development of a maskless and electroless process for fabricating metal micro/nanostructures by using a nanoindenter and an electroless deposition technique. $2-{\mu}m$-deep indentation tests on Ni and Cu samples were performed. The elastic recovery of the Ni and Cu was 9.30% and 9.53% of the maximum penetration depth, respectively. The hardness and the elastic modulus were 1.56 GPa and 120 GPa for Ni and 1.51 GPa and 104 GPa for Cu. The effect of single-point diamond machining conditions such as the Berkovich tip orientation (0, 45, and $90^{\circ}$ ) and the normal load (0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 1, 3, and 5 mN), on both the deformation behavior and the morphology of cutting traces (such as width and depth) was investigated by constant-load scratch tests. The tip orientation had a significant influence on the coefficient of friction, which varied from 0.52-0.66 for Ni and from 0.46- 0.61 for Cu. The crisscross-pattern sample showed that the tip orientation strongly affects the surface quality of the machined are a during scratching. A selective deposition of Cu at the pit-like defect on a p-type Si(111) surface was also investigated. Preferential deposition of the Cu occurred at the surface defect sites of silicon wafers, indicating that those defect sites act as active sites for the deposition reaction. The shape of the Cu-deposited area was almost the same as that of the residual stress field.

• 열처리공학회지
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.75-82
• /
• 2010

A new advanced combined PVD/CVD technique of DLC film deposition has been developed. Deposition of a DLC film was carried out using a pulsed carbon arc discharge in vapor hydrocarbon atmosphere. The arc plasma enhancing CVD process promotes dramatic increase in the deposition rate and decrease of compressive stress as well as improvement of film thickness uniformity compared to that obtained with a single PVD pulsed arc process. The optical spectroscopy investigation reveals great increase in radiating components of $C_2$ Swan system molecular bands due to acetylene molecules decomposition. AFM, Raman spectroscopy, XPS and nano-indentation were used to characterize DLC films. The method ensures obtaining a new superhard DLC nano-material for deposition of protective coatings onto various industrial products including those used in medicine.

• Tribology and Lubricants
• /
• 제11권5호
• /
• pp.114-121
• /
• 1995

An ultrasonic technique using normal-incident compressional waves was used to evaluate the surface and subsurface damage in ceramics produced by Hertzian indentation. Damage was produced by a blunt indenter (tungsten carbide ball) in glass-ceramic, green glass and silicon nitride. The damage was classified into two types; (1) Hertzian cone crack, in green glass and fine grain silicon nitride, and (2) distributed subsurface micro fractures, without surface damage, produced in glass ceramic. The ultrasonic technique was successful in detecting cone craks. The measurement results with the Hertzian cone cracks indicated that cracks perpendicular to the surface could be detected by the normal-incident compressional waws. Also shown is the capability of normal-incident compressional waves in detection distributed micro-sized cracks size of subsurface microfractures.

• 비파괴검사학회지
• /
• 제33권2호
• /
• pp.165-172
• /
• 2013

발전설비 구조물은 기대 수명동안의 안전성을 확보하기 위하여 정해진 규격에 부합하도록 설계하여 건설된다. 하지만 가동 중 다양한 복합 환경에 노출됨에 따라 구조물을 이루고 있는 재료의 열화 현상이 가속화 되어 예상하지 못한 파손이 발생할 수 있기 때문에, 용접부와 같은 구조물의 취약부에 대하여 기계적 물성을 정확하게 측정하는 기술은 안전과 직결되는 필수적인 연구 분야이다. 인장시험 등의 기존의 역학물성 측정 시험법들은 특정 크기의 시편을 요구하고 파괴적인 시험이기 때문에 가동 중 구조물에 적용하는 것이 불가능하였다. 이러한 한계점을 극복하고자 비파괴적이고 간편한 방법으로 다양한 역학물성 평가가 가능한 연속압입시험법이 각광받는 시험법으로서 연구되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 연속압입시험에서 압입자 하부에 발생하는 응력장 해석을 기반으로 하여 인장물성 및 잔류응력을 평가할 수 있는 최신 기법을 소개한다. 또한, 원전 구조물의 취약부로 알려진 용접부에 대하여 실험을 수행하여 산업상에서 연속압입시험이 건전성 평가에 유용하게 적용할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국재료학회지
• /
• 제5권2호
• /
• pp.178-183
• /
• 1995

본 연구에서는 상온에서 정방성 조성인 $Pb_{0.9888}Sr_{0.012}(Zr_{0.52}Ti_{0.48})O_{3}$계 세라믹스를 소결 후 직류전계 및 코로나를 이용하는 방법으로 소결시편을 분극한 후 분극방법에 따른 시편의 압전특성을 조사하였으며, 열화현상을 평가하기 위한 방법으로 시편의 내부응력의 차이를 조사하였다. 이 결과 코로나 분극방법은 직류분극에 비하여 $30^{\circ}C$정도 저온에서도 최대 Kp값을 얻을 수 있었으며 열화현상이 천천히 진행되었고 절연파괴가 발생하지 않는 등의 장점이 관찰되었다. 그러나 Kp값은 직류분극의 경우가 코로나 분극에 비하여 약 9~10%정도 높은 값을 나타내었다.

• 대한기계학회논문집
• /
• 제17권5호
• /
• pp.1208-1217
• /
• 1993

본 장치의 핵심은 상 홀로그래피(image holography)시스템을 구성하여 상을 확대시키고, 기준파(reference beam)의 세기를 일반적인 홀로그래피방법에 비해 매우 약하게 하여 홀로그램 기록시 확대된 영상에 스텍클 무늬를 선명하게 기록되도록 한 것이다. 물체에 미소변위를 가하여서 변형 전과후의 상태를 이중으로 기록한 홀로그 램을 얻은 후, 이로부터 확대된 홀로그래피 간섭무늬와 선명한 영의 무늬를 얻을 수 있었다. 본 시험장치로 구성된 홀로스펙클 방법의 신뢰성을 평가하기 위하여 이론적 인 변위량을 알고 있는 외팔보의 변형을 대상으로 하여 실험하였다. 외팔보에 면외 변위와 면내변위를 각각 발생시켜 이때 얻어지는 홀로그래피 간섭무늬와 영의 간섭무 늬의 간격으로부터 면위를 정량적으로 분석하였으며, 면외변위와 면내변위를 동시에 발생시켜 면내변위가 홀로그래피 간섭무늬에 미치는 영향과 면외변위가 영의 간섭무늬 에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 또한 홀로스펙클 방법을 이용하여 일반적인 방법으로는 는 측정이 어려운 볼 압입문제의 3차원 변형상태를 측정하고 유한요소법의 결과와 비교하였다.

• 한국세라믹학회지
• /
• 제44권7호
• /
• pp.368-374
• /
• 2007

CVD-SiC coating has been introduced as a protective layer in TRISO nuclear fuel particle of high temperature gas cooled reactor (HTGR) due to its excellent mechanical stability at high temperature. In order to prevent the failure of the TRISO particles, it is important to evaluate the fracture strength of the SiC coating layer. It is needed to develop a new simple characterization technique to evaluate the mechanical properties of the coating layer as a pre-irradiation step. In present work, direct strength measurement method with the specimen of hem i-spherical shell configuration was suggested. The indentation experiment on a hemisphere shell with a plate indenter was conducted. The fracture strength of the coating layer is related with the critical load for radial cracking of the shell. The finite element analysis was used to drive the semi-empirical equation for the strength measurement. The SiC hemispherical shells were successfully recovered from the section-grinding of TRISO coated particle and successive heat treatment in air. The strength of CVD-SiC coating layer was evaluated from the experimentally measured critical load during the indentation on SiC hemisphere shell. Weibull diagram of fracture strength was also constructed. This study suggested a new strength equation and experimental method to measure the fracture strength of CVD-SiC coating of TRISO coated fuel particles.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제15권10호
• /
• pp.5974-5979
• /
• 2014

압입 방식으로서 경량화된 부품이 매우 균질한 정밀도로 생산이 되며 프레스의 기술이 향상되고 있다. 압입 방식으로 조립하였을 시 핀과 구멍사이에는 압축력에 의한 변형력이 발생되고 접촉면이 손상을 입는다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 CATIA 프로그램을 이용하여 3D 모델링하였으며, ANSYS 프로그램을 통하여 압입 접촉된 평면에서 손상평가를 하였다. 해석결과, 핀이 들어갈 때 PCB판에 작용하는 하중은 약 21.3N인 것으로 확인되었으며, PCB판이 Pin에서 빠져나올 때의 하중은 약 19.24N으로 나타났다. 또한 구조 해석결과, Pin 1이 본 연구 모델의 모든 부품들 중에서 가장 최대응력이 많이 발생하므로, 대표적으로 Pin 1의 최대 등가응력이 192.96MPa로 나타났다. 압입 접촉 손상 특성을 규명하고 본 연구결과를 실제의 압입 공정의 설계에 응용함으로서 그 파손을 방지하고 내구성을 평가할 수 있다고 사료된다.

• Tribology and Lubricants
• /
• 제39권5호
• /
• pp.167-172
• /
• 2023

Titanium alloys are widely recognized among engineering materials owing to their impressive mechanical properties, including high strength-to-weight ratios, fracture toughness, resistance to fatigue, and corrosion resistance. Consequently, applications involving titanium alloys are more susceptible to damage from unforeseen events, such as scratches. Nevertheless, the impact of microscopic damage remains an area that requires further investigation. This study delves into the microscopic wear behavior of α-titanium crystal structures when subjected to linear scratch-induced damage conditions, utilizing molecular dynamics simulations as the primary methodology. The configuration of crystal lattice structures plays a crucial role in influencing material properties such as slip, which pertains to the movement of dislocations within the crystal structure. The molecular dynamics technique surpasses the constraints of observing microscopic phenomena over brief intervals, such as sub-nano- or pico-second intervals. First, we demonstrate the localized transformation of lattice structures at the end of initialization, indentation, and wear processes. In addition, we obtain the exerted force on a rigid sphere during scratching under linear movement. Furthermore, we investigate the effect of the relaxation period between indentation and scratch deformation. Finally, we conduct a comparison study of nanoindentation between crystal and amorphous Ti substrates. Thus, this study reveals the underlying physics of the microscopic transformation of the α-titanium crystal structure under wear-like accidental events.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정밀공학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.1115-1119
• /
• 2005

The paper proposes the elastic modulus evaluation technique of a cantilever beam by vibration analysis based on time-average electronic speckle pattern interferometry (TA-ESPI) with non-contact and nondestructive and Euler-Bernoulli equation. General approaches for the measurement of elastic modulus of thin film are Nano indentation test, Bulge test and Micro-tensile test and so on. They each have strength and weakness in the preparation of test specimen and the analysis of experimental result. ESPI has been developed as a common measurement method for vibration mode visualization and surface displacement. Whole-field vibration mode shape (surface displacement distribution) at a resonance frequency can be visualized by ESPI. And the maximum surface displacement distribution from ESPI is a clue to find the resonance frequency at each vibration mode shape. And the elastic modules of test material can be easily estimated from the measured resonance frequency and Euler-Bernoulli equation. The TA-ESPI vibration analysis technique is able to give the elastic modulus of materials through the simple processing of preparation and analysis.