• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.119-128
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• 2001

This study gives information for the enterprise to map out a positive marketing strategy and facilitate a new product development by researching and analyzing the specific character of the high income woman-brackets. In order to do that, based upon the materials of the National Statistical office, I made a selection of the high income brackets, subdividing their scholastic ability into four serfs. The subject of the study was the women from twenties to sixties among customers of a high class dress shop in Taejeon. I made up 600 questionnaires for them. using 441 of these for the statistical analysis and making available the correlation analysis, the primary factor analysis, and $X^2$-test. This study is classified into the type of women customers purchasing clothes who are the high-income brackets. Intended to study a special quality of purchasing according to income. 1. The purchasing manner of the high-income brackets customers is exposed the luxurious vain purchasing manner, the rational reasonable manner, and idiosyncrasy individual manner in order 1) The consumer of the high-income brackets in general prefer to a high class clothes. In the contrast, low-income brackets prefer to rational reasonable consumption in spending money on clothes. 2) The favorite consumption manner of the high income brackets is the luxurious vain purchasing manner. This consumption values the more symbolic means the things show than owing the goods. 2. The higher standard of education and younger tends to be high in the luxurious, vain purchasing. 3. The unreasonable purchasing show an high irrelation at the impulse buying arid self-satisfaction. 4. Self-satisfaction shows the highest interrelation than any other variations in the concern of clothes. 5. The symbolic images which exerts an influence upon purchasing manner are the notable elements of constituting as growing older. 6. The high standard of education prefers to the rational resonable purchasing, but on the other hand shows a high rate at the unreasonable individual purchasing manner.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.435-445
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• 2017

This study was conducted to overcome the limitations of prior research on the equity of medical care performed by identifying simple differences in the use of medical care or using limited medical needs and medical utilization indicators. Specifically, we used activity limits, chronic diseases, and subjective health status as medical needs, and used outpatient, inpatient, and emergency services as medical uses. In addition, we used concentration index, concentration curve, and Le Grand factor to analyze the equity of medical use considering medical needs. The main results are as follows. First, the amount of medical care for the low-income class is higher than that of the high-income class when considering the concentration of medical use. In particular, the number of hospitalization days for low-income households and hospitalization fees were higher than the fees of outpatient medical consultation and emergency room usage. Second, medical needs were concentrated in the low income class. In other words, low-income group is not as healthy as the high-income group. Third, the Le Grand factor was calculated in order to confirm the fairness of the medical uses considering the medical needs. Even if medical needs are taken into consideration, the high-income earners will have a large amount of medical care. In addition, when considering the limitation of activity and the number of chronic diseases, the medical use of the high income class was more frequent. However, when the subjective health condition and the chronic illness were considered, medical use of the low income class was more frequent. This may be due to the underestimation of the medical needs of the low-income earners by neglecting their own health status and perception of chronic diseases.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.108 no.3
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• pp.392-404
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to identify the impact of various income sources on income inequality of forestry households. Data from the Forestry Household Economy Survey from 2013-2016 were analyzed using the Gini coefficient decomposition method via income source. In particular, the income inequality analysis of forestry households was broken down into separate analyses based on group, i.e., the whole of forestry households and the five income quintile classes. The results of the analyses showed that income inequality of forestry households is primarily affected by forestry and nonforestry incomes and income quintile class. Moreover, income inequality of the highest income quintile class was largely affected by forestry income compared with other sources of income, whereas that of other income quintile classes was largely affected by nonforestry income. Therefore, in order to reduce income inequality in forestry households, it is necessary to increase the proportion of forestry income in the lower four quintile classes. Given that the income of the lowest quintile class is negative, it is necessary to devise ways to improve the proportion and quantity of forestry income. At the same time, as forestry income increases, a policy alternative is also required to improve inequality in forestry income.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.1-20
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• 2011

This study investigated the relationships among mother's adult attachment, psychological well-being and affection parenting in low-income class and middle income class The subjects were 339 mothers who reared 3-5 old age child in Daegu and Gyoungbuk Province. The collected data were analyzed by t-test, Pearson's correlation, single and hierachical multiple regression, using SPSS Win 15.0. The results were as follows. (1) Adult attachment fully exerted indirect effects on affection parenting mediated by psychological well-being in low income class of mothers. (2) But adult attachment partly exerted indirect effects on affection parenting mediated by psychological well-being in middle income class of mothers.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.89-96
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• 2018

This study analyzed status and demand of participation in lifelong education for 218 residents of low-income class according to National Basic Livelihood Security Act. The results of the study are as follows. First, among the statuses of participation in lifelong education, the abilities to study of the low-income class were reviewed. They showed 95.3% of foreign language ability, 66.1% of ICT utilization capacity and 75.7% of computer literacy ability. And the lifelong education participation rate of low-income people was 75.7% It was considered as passive participation in education. Voluntary participation was identified and analyzed. The the actual participation rate in lifelong education was very low at 22.9%. Social participation and awareness according to participation in lifelong education was 43.3% higher than that of respondents who had no participation experience. Especially, voluntary participants showed 73.3% higher than those who did not participate. Second, as a result of analyzing lifelong education of low income class, 74.8% of the respondents answered that there is wished education program. And 50.0% of them could not participate because they did not have enough time. The programs that they wanted to participate in were the programs that could help their real lives such as home life, health and medical courses, professional qualification obtaining process, etc. This indicates that the income level plays a significant role in participation in lifelong education. As a result of analyzing the results of this study above, Korean lifelong education is emphasized and the participation rate is increasing rapidly. However, participation of low-income class in lifelong education seems low.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.277-290
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• 2016

This research is about brief accomplishment analysis of Low-Income Class Business Incubator Project, based on applicants' perspective who has been supported by this project, which is funded by the enterprise. As a result of 'quality focused evaluation method', it shows that Low-Income Class Business Incubator Project's applicants experience both economic and non-economic accomplishments such as "work with responsibility," "better future in reality," "Self and change of relationships around self". It concludes that "experience of difference" or "providing hope for Low-income class" brought positive effects on applicants who participated in this projects. The study revealed the virtue of this Low-Income Class Business Incubator Project and reassured its message: the importance of major corporate' responsibility in solving social issues, especially in poverty and its independence.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.59 no.4
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• pp.191-216
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• 2007

This study focuses on the problem of feminization of poverty that is formed within family relations. In order to approach this question, this study analyses the process of becoming poor through the life stories of ten woman are now heads of a household. There are differences among the study participants in the process of becoming a member of a low-income class. I have classified them into two groups depending on the routes they are led into the low-income class; one is the continuation of poverty group, and the other is the new members of the low-income class group. The continuation of poverty group is the case where they have been poor since their childhood and are still poor in their adulthood. The new members of the low-income class group is the case where you have become a low-income class sometime around divorce. The difference of the groups are related to the differences of the ways the power relationships work within a family. Women head of a household are prone to poverty because of the discrimination in formation, distribution and control of resources in their original family and their family formed by marriage. The norm of male breadwinner worked as a discrimination device. But this kind of discrimination device showed differences in their workings according to class. The continuation of poverty group experienced exclusion in the gendered responsibility of supporting the family and maintaining the family, whereas the other group experienced exclusion through the gendered nature of the distribution and control of resources. By showing that the presupposition of discussions on the poverty of woman head of a household is false, these findings challenge the existing view that as long as 'The Family' is maintained women will not be poor.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.7
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• pp.543-553
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of subjective class consciousness on life satisfaction. This research aimed to not only analyze the relative explanatory power, but also the influence of satisfaction of life within the socioeconomic status where the elderly consider themselves to be an integral part. The elderly's satisfaction in life was analyzed in comparison with demographic characteristics such as gender and age. The correlations of objective socioeconomic characteristics such as income level and education level were also observed. For this purpose, the Korea Labor Panel 17th data (2014) was used to conduct a one-way batch distribution analysis and a hierarchical regression analysis. It was seen that there was a correlation in the Korean elderly in terms of class consciousness and life satisfaction. The elderly with a lower subjective class consciousness showed lower life satisfaction. The relative influences were stronger than the demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of the elderly, and the explanatory power was much higher than the objective income levels. These results show that the subjective perception of their socioeconomic status has a significant influence on the level of life satisfaction of the Korean elderly, independent of the objective income level.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.133-143
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• 2017

The objective of this study is to examine whether citizens' expectations of policy impacts of the government's efforts to reduce overlap and duplication among its programs have any influence on citizens' policy attitude. Furthermore, this study examines whether the influence is differential and dependent on income class differences. The results suggest that 'reducing budget waste' bas a positive impact on policy attitude whereas 'enhancing work performance' bad no significant impact. And the results reveal that middle class bold a more negative view than upper class on the government's efforts. Concerning the moderating effect. income class differences weaken the positive relationship between 'reducing budget waste' and policy attitude as well the negative relationship between 'enhancing work performance' and policy attitude. The policy implication of this study is, to gain support from citizens for its overlap and duplication reduction policies, it is critical that the government should publicize that there exists a more of citizens benefitting from such policies.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.625-633
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of private insurance revenues and household spending on household income inequality. To this end, we conducted a concentration index and concentration curve analysis for the income level of medical panel survey data in 2015. The main results are as follows. First, the household income concentration ratio is 0.3580, which means that income is concentrated in the high income group, and the degree of inequality is considerably large. Second, although the portion of the private insurance benefits was small on the high-income household, it helped to strengthen the benefits concentration on this group. Third, the low income group has a large self-pay medical expense. Finally, the index of the income excluding the burden of the total medical expenses in the household income was 0.3676, so that even accounting for medical expenses, the income was concentrated in the high income class. Therefore, private insurance benefits and medical expenses were all contributing factors to the inequality of household income, and this study provides the essential materials for research and policy planning which could lead to the convergence of different fields.