• 한국사회복지학
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• 제64권2호
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• pp.185-212
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• 2012

본 연구는 한국노동패널 2차, 7차, 12차 자료를 활용하여 노년기로의 이행에 따른 소득불평등의 변화와 소득이동성을 분석하였다. 분석 결과는 다음과 같이 요약된다. 첫째, 비노년기에서 노년기로 이행할 때 소득불평등 수준이 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 비노년기에서 노년기로 이행하는 시기에 소득순위의 변동이 크게 나타나고, 노년기로의 이행이 이루어진 이후 노년후기로 갈수록 소득순위가 고착화되는 경향이 나타났다. 셋째, 노년기로 이행할 때 소득불평등 수준을 증가시키고 소득순위의 변동을 야기하는 가장 큰 요인은 근로소득의 감소이다. 이러한 분석 결과는 노년기로 이행할 때 근로소득의 감소가 소득불안정성을 야기한다는 사실을 의미한다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제106권4호
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• pp.497-508
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• 2017

이 연구는 임가의 소득불평등과 양극화의 추이를 살펴보기 위한 목적으로 수행되었다. 이를 위해 소득불평등도는 지니계수와 엣킨슨 지수를 활용하여 분석하였으며 양극화는 DER 지수를 이용하였다. 그리고 이들 지수들은 임가소득과 함께 이것을 구성하는 하부소득인 임업소득, 겸업소득 그리고 이전소득으로 세분화하여 살펴보았다. 분석결과, 임가의 소득불평등도는 우리나라 전체 가구의 소득불평등도보다 상대적으로 높은 수준으로 분석되었다. 그리고 이전소득을 제외한 임가소득, 임업소득, 겸업소득에 있어서 소득 불평등은 심화되는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 추세는 양극화에서도 볼 수 있다.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.69-78
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to identify which is the better indicator to forcast housing tenureship between permanent income and current income, and study the effects of non-human capital asset on housing tenureship. To forcast permanent income, a statistic regression equation is used with current income as the dependent variable. Multi-nomial logistic model is used to forcast the housing tenureship Using current income as the dependent variable delivered a more accurate result than using permanent income. Current income is used as a dependent variable and sex, age, education and occupation are used as independent variables to forcast permanent income. Non-human capital asset is also used as an independent variable. Also, excluding non-human capital asset variable when forcasting bothe permanent income and housing tenureship proved to be more accurate. Because permanent income, the sum of future income and current asset, is a good indicator of current consumption including housing, the result with permanent income should be more accurate than the forcast using current income. This implies an underdevelopment of a housing mortgage system that enables people to consume now on the basis of their future income. The Korea's unique Chonsei housing rental system has also made it difficult to forcast housing tenureship based on people's permanent income and asset. While, the Key-money of Chonsei housing and the housing asset of homeowners with debt are very similar in their amount, the result is completely different. One is a renter and the other is a homeowner.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제108권3호
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• pp.392-404
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• 2019

이 연구의 목적은 임가의 소득원이 소득불평등에 미치는 영향을 파악하는 데 있다. 이를 위해 2013년부터 2016년까지 임가경제조사 데이터를 이용하여 소득원천별 지니계수 분해법을 적용하여 분석하였다. 구체적으로는 임가의 소득불평등도 분석은 임가 전체와 5개의 소득분위 계층별로 구분하여 분석하였다. 분석결과를 보면 임가의 소득불평등에 주로 영향을 미치는 소득은 임업소득과 임업 외 소득으로 나타났으며, 분위별로는 최상위 소득계층의 소득불평등은 임업소득의 영향력이 다른 소득원에 비해 크게 나타난 반면, 그 외의 분위에 속하는 임가에서는 임업 외 소득의 영향이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 임가의 소득증대를 위해서는 최상위 계층을 제외한 다른 계층에서의 임업소득에 대한 비중을 증대시킬 필요가 있으며, 최하위 소득계층의 임업소득이 부채상태인 점을 감안할 때, 이를 개선시킬 수 있는 방안의 강구도 필요한 것으로 판단된다. 동시에 임가의 소득불평등을 개선하기 위해서는 임가소득이 증대될수록 임업소득의 불평등을 개선하기 위한 정책적 대안이 필요한 것으로 판단된다.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.33-41
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between parents' conflict and child-rearing and school-aged children's depression in low income family and non-low income family. The subjects were 357 school-aged children who attended elementary school and who were 5th 176(49.3%) and 6th grade 181(50.7%)(boys were 206(57.7%), girls 151(42.3%)). The data were analyzed by t-test, Pearson's correlation, simple regression, enter regression(using SPSS 12.1). Major findings were as follows: (1) Parents' conflict was significantly associated with children's depression in low income and non-low income family. (2) Parents' conflict was significantly associated with parents' child-rearing in low income and non-low income family. (3) Parents' conflict partially exerted indirect effect on children's depression, controlled by parents' child-rearing in low income and non-low income family. The effect of parents' child-rearing as mediation was higher in low-income family than in non-low income family.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제109권1호
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• pp.99-108
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• 2020

이 연구는 소득과 불평등 간의 관계에 대한 다양한 논의가 진행되고 있는 가운데 임가의 소득과 소득불평등 간의 관계를 알아보기 위해 동태적 접근법을 통해 그 관계를 알아보고자 하는데 있다. 이를 위해 단위근 검정과 공적분 검정을 실시한 후 불안정한 시계열 자료를 안정적인 시계열 자료로 변환시킨 후 VAR 모형을 추정하였고 이를 바탕으로 충격반응, 분산분해 분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과, 임가 소득의 영향이 지니계수에 의한 영향에 비해 상대적으로 큰 것으로 나타났으며 임가 소득의 충격이 자체 소득을 증가시키는 방향으로 작용할 뿐만 아니라 지니계수를 감소시키는 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 지니계수의 충격은 임가 소득을 감소시키는 방향으로 영향을 미치며 소득불평등을 더욱 심화시키는 것을 보여주고 있다. 따라서 임가 소득불평등을 완화시키기 위해서는 소득분배 정책보다는 소득성장 정책이 보다 효과적일 수 있을 것이라는 결론을 얻을 수 있었다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.51-74
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• 1991

It has been many changes in traditional Korean food habits according to the improvement of household income levels and the rise of standard of living. Therefore, the pattern of consumption in animal origin processed/convenient foods would have changed. This research aims to find the tendency of consumption in some animal origin processed/convenient foods compared with typical Korean traditional foods according to household income levels. Therefore, this survey was made on 698 children from 10 elementary schools located in Seoul. They were divided into 6 groups according to their household income levels. The data were analysed using Chi-square test and F-test in SPSS package program. From this research, the following results were obtained: 1. Their average monthly household income levels were between 500, 000~1, 500, 000 won(64.2%) and their family were of mostly 4~5 members. There were no significant differences in children's physical status among various income groups. As the household. income level increases, the food expenditure per month increases and Engel's coefficient decreases. 2. The animal origin processed/convenient foods that have no significant differences are ham, sausage, milk, yogurt, canned fish, and fish meal. The high-income groups preferred bacon, cheese, pork cutlet, and fried chicken, compared to those of low-income groups. The low-income groups preferred crab-flavored meal, compared to those of high-income groups. 3. In some Korean traditional foods, there were significant differences according to income levels. Those were Bulgogi, baked fish, fried meat, cooked fish and meat with soy-bean sauce. Fried fish and anchovy have no significant differences in food intake frequency according to household income levels. Chicken and egg saute are liked by children in every income groups. 4. Between the animal origin processed/convenient foods and the typical Korean nonprocessed traditional foods, children preferred the former regardless of income levels. In conclusion, animal origin processed/convenient food consumption patterns were not affected by household income levels.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.53-66
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• 1986

The prensent study was aimed to explore the reality of the low-income consumers problem by the comparison among five income classes. Specifically, this study was intended to (1) compare the levels of consumer skill, market risk, and consumer problem among the five income classes, (2) examine the relationship between consumer problem and consumer skill, and the relationship between consumer problem and market risk, and (3) search the types of consumer problems that each income class consumers might experience the most often. For this purpose, a survey was conducted using questionaire on 525 home managers in Seoul. The deta were analyzed by ANOVA and DMR test. The major findings were as follows; First, the consumer skill was the poorest in the low-income consumers. There was curvilinear relationship between consumer skill and income level. Second, the market risk was the highest in the low-income consumers. Market risk had a negative linear relationship with income level. Third, consumer problem was the most serious in the low-income consumers and was the least serious in the middle-income consumers. Fourth, the lower consumer skill and the higher market risk the consumers had, the more consumer problems they tended to experience. Finally, the low-income consumers had relatively more difficulties in door-to-door sale and inferior goods problem than the middle and the high-income consumers. On the other hand, the latter experienced relatively more difficulties in false and misleading advertising, overcharge, unfair bargain, and warrenty-repair-exchange problem than the former. Taken together, the research hypotheses were well supported in this study. It was suggested that the quality and the quantity of the low-income consumers problem were different from those of the middle-and the high-income consumers problem.

• 한국가정과학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 1999

This study was to compare the income and financial assets of the Salary Earner and those of Self-Employed households. The data was drawn from the Korean Household Panel Study(KHPS) that was surveyed by Daewoo in 1995. The major findings were as follows: 1. All households were holding salary/business income, and the average of salary/business income of Salary earner household and Self-employed household were found to be 1,580,000 won and 2.050,000 won respectively. 2. Households were holding saving accounts most in both groups. 3. The yearly financial income, yearly immovable property income, and the yearly annuity income were correlated with yearly subsidiary income. The yearly financial income were correlated with the yearly annuity and yield from bonds. There were negative relationships between the yearly annuity and yield from bonds. The yearly miscellaneous income was correlated with the yearly yield from stock. There were negative relationships between the yield from stock and bonds in Salary-Earner households. 4. The yearly subsidiary income and yield from bonds were correlated with monthly business income. The yearly annuity and yearly total amounts of saving accounts were correlated with yearly subsidy income. The immovable property, the yearly yield from stock and bonds were correlated with the yearly financial income. The yearly yield from stock and bonds were correlated with the immovable property and the yearly annuity income. The yearly misellaneous and total amounts of saving accounts were correlated with the yearly yield from stock and bonds. The Yearly yield from stock was correlated with yield from bonds in Self-Employed households. (Koran J of Human Ecology 2(l) : 1-11, 1999)

• 동아시아경상학회지
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.21-23
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• 2016

There are so much oil and gas reserves in Iran. Therefore extraction from these reserves and sell extracted oil and gas in international markets causes to high oil income for Iran. Especially in some years which oil price increases, our oil income was too high. In this paper, we want to reveal that, high oil income is not cause to rise of nonoil export. For this aim, we use from data of 1971-2013 and with Johansen co-integration test and Error Correction Model (ECM) extract short run and long run relations. Results of estimation reveal that in Iran high oil income is not cause to many non oil exports in long run and short run. Therefore, we should allocate oil income to import industrial machines and reallocate them to agriculture and industrial sectors which causes to raise national production which will cause to high non oil export. Then, in this condition, our needy exchanges are provided from non oil export and our dependence to oil income will be declined.