• 천문학회보
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.93.2-93.2
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• 2011

Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) has measured space environment and its effects on spacecraft and astronaut since 1987. At present, we have operated space environment monitors onboard one GEO spacecraft, one QZO spacecraft, and two LEO spacecrafts. The obtained space environment data has been gathered into the Space Environment and Effects System database (SEES, http://sees.tksc.jaxa.jp/). In this presentation, measurement result of space environment in low earth orbit obtained by the Daichi satellite from 2006 through 2011 is reported as well as recent activities in space environment engineerings in JAXA. The Technical Data Acquisition Equipment (TEDA) on board the Daichi satellite (Advanced Land Observing Satellite: ALOS) had been operated in low earth orbit at 700 km altitude with 98 degree inclination from February 2006 until April 2011. The TEDA consists of the Light Particle Telescope and the Heavy Ion Telescope. The operation period of the Daichi satellite was through the solar-activity minimum period. The space radiation environment around the Daichi satellite had been almost stable. However, large solar flares followed by CMEs sometimes disturbed the space radiation environment in the orbit of the Daichi satellite. In addition, high speed solar wind often flowed and modulated the electron flux in the horn region. On the other hand, a little variation was seen in the SAA region.

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지구물리탐사학회 2008년도 공동학술대회
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• pp.145-148
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• 2008

2003년 1월에 발사된 ICESat 인공위성은 극지방 전 지역을 거의 관측할 수 있는 극궤도 위성으로 극지방 빙하 변화 연구에 많은 기여를 하고 있다. ICESat은 GLAS(Geoscience Laser Altimetry System) 센서를 이용하여 지형의 변화를 정밀 관측함으로써 빙하의 고도 변화 탐지에 매우 유용하다. 이는 기존의 SAR 위성을 이용한 빙하 연구의 단점을 보완할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. ICESat의 정밀 빙하 고도 관측을 이용하여 Amery 빙붕의 속도 변화를 파악할 수 있는 새로운 방법을 제시하였다. 시간의 변화에 따라 수평적으로 이동하는 빙붕의 변화를 ICESat 위성 자료를 통해 확인할 수 있었으며 이를 통해 빙붕의 속도 분포를 계산할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 본 연구를 통해 개발된 방법은 남극의 다른 빙붕 연구에도 적용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.135-148
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• 1994

When we put a construction on the space organization form of Seyeon-jong garden through a consequence of drawing analysis, we were able to certify that a certain space construction principle was applied as following. First, the arrangement and organization of space construction element embodied systematic order y clearing the character of space, and heightening the degree of cognizance with the means of functionability, scale, height, decorationability, an inclination of artificiality and nature, systemetic approchability. Second, the space construction element of Seyeon-jong garden pursued a harmony of human work and nature for creating a various atmosphere and visual quality. Third, Seyeon-jong garden constructed the space by establishing the measurement of human scale that introduced a conception of near, middle, distant view on the visual angle. Forth, Yun go san introduced the natural shape of 'The song of five friends' as a construction element, and represented the symbolism that he had seeked for throught he arrangement method, christening, composing technique of the space construction element for expressing ideal space which is described in 'The four season song of fishermen' spatially at Seyeon-jong garden. As the results of this study, that Yun go san created his own ideal space that he longed for at Seyeon-jong garden with applying fixed design system, and he realized his will that he strived to form a complete whole in perfect harmony.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.109-119
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate differences of the mechanical efficiency on the characteristics of the basketball wheelchairs(cambers & size of the handrims). Nine healthy and normal wheelchair basketball players who had no impairments to their upper extremities were volunteered to participate in this study. $VO_2$ was collected using automatic gas analyzer(vmax29). Gross efficiency, net efficiency and work efficiency were analyzed from the calculated external power output and energy expenditure. The results were followed. First, gross efficiency in the basketball wheelchairs was observed across the range from 4 to 10%. Gross efficiency in this study showed less values than that from the literature reviewed in the arm cranking(15%), racing wheelchair(above 30%), gait(27%) and cycling(18-23%). Second, the small size of handrim(61cm) at the 16 degrees of camber produced higher efficiency values than the large size of handrim(66cm) whereas the different sizes of handrim at the 20 degrees of camber did not show any pattern. Third, both faster speed($1.11^m/s{\rightarrow}1.39^m/s$) and increases in treadmill inclination produced increases in energy expenditure. The results of this study may provide not only better understanding of the mechanical efficiency with adequate camber degree and proper size of handrim but also fundamental information for manufacturing the wheelchair.

• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.1571-1575
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of somatotype on the $VO_2max$ and hormone (adrenaline and noradrenaline) during treadmill walking. Forty healthy men participated and were randomized to four groups: Male 1 (M1) group, Male 2 (M2) group, Male 3 (M3) group, and Male 4 (M4) group. M4 group is the largest body type, and M1 group is the smaller the body type. Participants walked at a speed of 3.5 km/h for five minutes at an incline angle of $0^{\circ}$, $5^{\circ}$, and $10^{\circ}$ in the treadmill. Maximum oxygen consumption and hormone (adrenaline and noradrenaline) were measured. In the results, $VO_2max$ has significantly increased according to the degree of the treadmill inclination, and M4 group (larger body type) consumed more oxygen than the M1 group (smaller body type). In the hormone, there was a significant increase in adrenaline concentration after walking in all groups, and there was a significant difference in M1-M4, M2-M4 and M3-M4. The noradrenaline concentration significantly increased after treadmill gait in all groups, and there was no significant difference in noradrenaline between groups. This study suggests that the larger body type consumes more oxygen during walking, and treadmill walking contributes to an increase in the concentration of adrenaline and noradrenaline.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제24권10호
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• pp.1425-1434
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• 2021

Lately, the mental issues of Chinese worldwide understudies have become an unavoidable examination issue. As per important explores in different nations, the level of discouragement inclination of Chinese understudies has been on the ascent. This examination utilizes the Bread cook Wretchedness Scale II to test the psychological condition of 249 Chinese understudies concentrating in South Korea. The outcomes show that Chinese understudies in South Korea likewise have a specific level of mental issues. The extent has reached 34.5% of the absolute number of Chinese understudies in South Korea. This exploration investigates the current circumstance dependent on the review results, and directs a top to bottom examination of the attributes of worldwide understudies in Korea. Simultaneously, it is recommended that mental treatment can be utilized to work on their psychological state. Through the pertinent inquiries for grounds mental directing administrations, it obviously presents the issues that Chinese global understudies face in South Korean grounds mental guiding, just as the school's improvement measures. Simultaneously, this examination consolidates the media SNS social stage, investigates existing issues, and proposes how schools can adequately construct a SNS stage at the degree of mental advising, just as the adapting techniques and systems for Chinese understudies dealing with mental issues.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.129-136
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to provide basic data necessary for the development of clothing that can improve the satisfaction of body shape of elderly men by examining subjective characteristics and characteristics of perception type of older men's body shape. Using the Q methodology, I investigated and analyzed the process of formation and main characteristics of subjectivity of various types of recognition that elderly men express about their body shape. There were four types of perception of body shape in elderly men: flat hip and bird legs skinny body, back bent and abdominal obese body, thick neck and upper body development body, forward cervical neck and protruding abdomen obese body. The actual body shape of elderly men was classified according to the bust, waist circumference, hip circumference, and body part angle. But recognition body shape of elderly men was classified by visual factors like the abdomen, the angle of the neck, the inclination of the back, the slope of the waist, and the degree of obesity. It is necessary to consider the trend of silver fashion which is increasing in demand. In addition, it is necessary to develop clothing patterns of comfortable fit through ergonomic study on the physical characteristics of older men. Consideration should be given to the design and pattern that can reduce the difference between the ideal body shape and the body shape recognized by older men.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.139-151
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• 2007

To protect the surface of ground-cutting slopes and ground-raised slopes and to recover environment-friendly slopes at the national road expansion construction between Gamchon and Yaechon, test-construction work was done using several modes of hydro-seeding measures to select a suitable construction method through the field survey; the results were as follows : As a result of survey on physio-chemical characteristics of soil, the average soil inclination on ground-raised slopes was from 4.73 mm to 5.37 mm; the average soil acidity was from pH 6.47 to 6.73; the average soil humidity was within the scope of 0.57~1.70 %,; the average soil inclination on ground-cutting slopes was 9.17~10.43mm; the average soil acidity was pH 6.67~6.77 and the average soil humidity was within the scope of 0.53~1.27 %; considered overall, they showed generally satisfactory base materials for plant breeding. As a result of the number of sprouting individuals, the average sprouting number of individuals on test spots executed by Coir net with Seed spray construction methods and the average number of sprouting individuals on other test spots executed by furrow-digging with Seed spray and Straw mat-mulching measures were 1,172 number of per square meter and 970 number of per square meter respectively; thus they showed higher numerical value comparing with other test spots. Likewise, the average number of sprouting individuals on test spots of the ground-cutting slopes executed by Coir net with Seed spray method and the average number of sprouting individuals on other test spot executed by furrow-digger with Seed spray and Straw mat-mulching measures were found to be 1,107 number of per square meter and 1,105 number of per square meter respectively, whose numerical value showed rather higher other test spots. As a result of a survey on living plants' breeding index [dried weight], the weight in dried state on test spots executed by Coir net with Seed spray method and other test spots executed by furrow-digger with Seed spray and Straw mat-mulching measures on both ground-raised and ground-cutting slopes was found to be higher and showed similar characteristics statistically. As a result of survey on the surface-covering degree of ground-raised slopes, nine weeks after test construction, test spots executed by Coir net with Seed spray method and other test spots executed by furrow-digger with Seed spray and Straw mat-mulching measures showed commonly more than 70% of surface-covering degree, but other test spots showed only below 35% of surface covering degree; especially in case of test spots by Verdvol seed spray measures, they showed 10% of the lowest surface-covering. Surface-covering degree on the test spot of ground-cutting slopes nine weeks after test construction showed more than 75% both executed by Coir net with Seed spray construction method and executed by furrow-digger with Seed spray and Straw mat-mulching measures. As a result of survey on appearing plants on the test spots, there dominates Eragrostis curvula both on ground-raised slopes and on ground-cutting slopes with other seeding plant life's lower breeding and there appear intruders, such as Setaria viridis Beauv, Digitaria sanguinalis Scop, and Chenopodium album var.centrorubrum Makino. As for water-borne excavation and soil's washing-away on the slopes, there happened less washing-away and water-borne excavation with good breeding of plant life on test spots executed both by Coir net with Seed spray construction method and by furrow-digger with Seed spray and Straw mat-mulching measures, but there happened much more soil's washing-away along with water-home excavation at the test spot executed by Seed spray with measures. After the research results of test construction sites are examined overall, it's presumed that furrow-digger with Seed spray and Straw mat-mulching measures [interval between lines is 40cm, 5cm in depth] will be preferred to prevent erosion and water-home excavation of slopes located within the construction sites.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.299-310
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• 1995

이 연구의 목적은 교정치료시 제2대구치의 위치변화를 알아보기 위함이다. 이를 위하여 제1대구치까지 banding하여 교정치료를 완료한 성인환자 64명을 Class I 발치군 15명, Class I 비발치군 12명, Class II 13명, Class III 14명으로 4개의 군으로 분류하고 치료전후의 두부방사선 계측사진을 분석하였다. 이 연구로부터 얻어진 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. Class I 발치군에서 하악 제2대구치는 제1대구치보다 적은 정출과 더 많은 원심경사를 보였고, 상악 제2대구치는 제1대구치와 유사한 정출과 근심경사를 보였다. 2. Class I 발치군에서 하악 제2대구치는 제1대구치에 비해 함입되고 유사한 원심경사를 보였으며, 상악 제2대구치는 제1대구치와 비슷하게 정출되었다. 3. Class II군에서 하악 제2대구치는 제1대구치에 비해 적은 정출을 보였고, 상악 제2대구치는 제1대구치보다 많은 정출을 보였다. 4. Class III군에서 하악 제2대구치는 제1대구치와 유사한 정출과 더 많은 원심경사를 보였으며, 상악 제2대구치는 제1대구치에 비해 적은 정출을 보였다. 5. 제2대구치 위치변화에 대한 각 군간의 비교시 FH plane에서 상악 제2대구치 치근 분기점까지 거리 변화는 Class I 발치군과 Class II, Class I 발치군과 Class III군에서 차이를 보였으며, 구개평면과 교합평면에 대한 상악 제2대구치의 각도 변화는 Class I 발치군과 Class III군에서 차이를 보였으며, 하악평면에 하악 제2대구치 치근분기점까지 거리변화는 Class I 발치군과 비발치군, Class I 비발치군과 Class II군, Class I 비발치군과 Class III군에서 차이를 보였으며, 하악 평면과 교합평면에 대한 하악 제2대구치의 각도 변화는 각 군간에 차이를 보이지 않았다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제37권12호
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• pp.1079-1089
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• 2013

폐기물을 효과적으로 소각 처리하기 위해, 고형화된 입자를 고속으로 연소시키는 소각로의 유동 특성을 수치해석적으로 조사하였다. 본 연구에서는, 기존 발전소에서 통용되는 선회 유동 유발을 통한 안정적 화염형성 개념과 고에너지 밀도를 갖는 로켓 엔진 연소실의 설계 개념을 복합적으로 적용하였다. 첫단계로, 소각로로 분사되는 연료와 공기의 유동 특성 파악을 위해 1차 연소실에 주 분사기와 보조 분사기를 장착하여 비반응 유동장 수치해석을 수행하였다. 설계 변경 인자로 주 분사기의 편향각, 보조 분사기의 하향각, 두 분사기간 간격을 선정하였다. 이러한 설계 인자의 변경에 따른 선회 유동 형성의 정도를 파악하기 위해 선회수(swirl number)를 평가 인자로 사용하였다. 각각의 설계 인자가 변함에 따라 선회수는 편향각이 증가할수록 선회수가 증가하였으며, 하향각에 따라서는 선회수가 크게 변하지 않았다. 설계 인자에 따라 형성되는 재순환 영역의 크기가 달라지며 이는 선회수의 크기에도 영향을 끼쳤다. 재순환 영역의 크기가 작으면 선회수가 큰 경향성을 보였다. 이러한 수치해석을 통해 활발한 선회 유동을 형성시킬 수 있는 설계 조건을 찾을 수 있었다.