• Journal of Korean Medical Science
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• v.33 no.51
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• pp.329.1-329.9
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• 2018

Background: Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is routinely performed to identify brain lesions in girls with central precocious puberty (CPP). We aimed to investigate the prevalence and type of brain lesions among Korean girls with CPP and evaluate the need for routine brain MRI examinations. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study evaluated data on 3,528 girls diagnosed with CPP from April 2003 to December 2016, and identified 317 girls who underwent sellar MRI. Exclusion criteria were patients with a known brain tumor or who did not undergo brain MRI due to refusal or the decision of the pediatric endocrinologist. Results: Normal sellar MRI findings were observed in 291 of the 317 girls (91.8%). Incidental findings were observed in 26 girls (8.2%). None of the patients had pathological brain lesions. Conclusion: The prevalence of intracranial lesions among girls who were generally healthy and without neurological symptoms but diagnosed with CPP was lower than that previously reported. Furthermore, none of the identified lesions required treatment. It may be prudent to reconsider the routine use of brain MRI to screen all patients with CPP, especially if they are healthy and neurologically asymptomatic, and are girls aged 6-8 years.

• BMB Reports
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• v.54 no.6
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• pp.295-304
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• 2021

Olfactory neuropathology is a cause of olfactory loss in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Olfactory dysfunction is also associated with memory and cognitive dysfunction and is an incidental finding of AD dementia. Here we review neuropathological research on the olfactory system in AD, considering both structural and functional evidence. Experimental and clinical findings identify olfactory dysfunction as an early indicator of AD. In keeping with this, amyloid-β production and neuroinflammation are related to underlying causes of impaired olfaction. Notably, physiological features of the spatial map in the olfactory system suggest the evidence of ongoing neurodegeneration. Our aim in this review is to examine olfactory pathology findings essential to identifying mechanisms of olfactory dysfunction in the development of AD in hopes of supporting investigations leading towards revealing potential diagnostic methods and causes of early pathogenesis in the olfactory system.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.307-311
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• 1979

Bronchogenic carcinoma with subcutaneous metastasis is rare, and the incidence ranged from 1.0 to 3.0 %. Therefore metastatic nodules are incidental findings in some instances. The distribution in order of frequency Is as follows: chest wall, scapular region, abdominal wall, course of spine, upper extremities and scalp etc, and mos. of nodules are between 0.5-2.0 cm in diameter. In this report, we present one case of a 54 year old male having bronchogenic carcinoma (squamous cell type) with multiple subcutaneous metastases. The metastatic nodules were located in subcutaneous tissue of right posterior chest wall ($4{\times}5$ cm), frontal scalp area (two; $2{\times}3$ cm, $0.5{\times}0.5$ cm), left scapular region ($1{\times}1$ cm) and left iliac crest ara ($1{\times}11$ cm).

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.27 no.10
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• pp.885-887
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• 1994

Lipomatosis is a condition containing multiple lipomatous masses.Lipoma is a benign neoplasm composed of adult adipose tissue, and occur most often in the fifth or sixth decade and rarely in the pleura. Pleural lipomas are usually asymptomatic and revealed as an incidental roentgenographic findings. The patient was 59 year-old male and admitted because of dyspnea-on-exertion for 30 years. Chest CT revealed right pleural mass abutting on the chest wall, measuring minus 80 hounsfield units. The mass was resected with calcified pleural plaque and confirmed to be lipomatosis with collagenous fibrosis arising from viserai pleura.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.141-144
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• 2016

Atypical adenomatous hyperplasia is a premalignant lesion reflecting a focal proliferation of atypical cells. These lesions are usually observed as incidental findings in lungs that have been resected due to other conditions, such as lung cancer. We report the youngest case of atypical adenomatous hyperplasia on record in a 12-year-old girl. In this patient, the lesion was found in association with pneumothorax.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.72-75
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• 2018

Pericardial cysts are rare benign anomalies generally discovered as incidental findings on radiographic images. Rarely, pericardial cysts cause symptoms and may lead to complications. A 56-year-old woman presented to the emergency department for mild chest pain. A cardiovascular and respiratory examination revealed no abnormalities, while a chest X-ray and subsequent thoracic computed tomography (CT) showed a pericardial cyst. The patient refused both percutaneous treatment and thoracic surgery. Three years later, a thoracic CT scan showed that the pericardial cyst had disappeared. Although the spontaneous resolution of these lesions is rare, this article highlights the possibility of conservative management in select cases.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.34-39
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• 2005

Two cases of primary torsion of the greater omentum were described. The first patient was a 5-year-old boy who was admitted to the hospital because of severe abdominal pain for 1 day. The The clinical features were similar to perforated acute appendicitis. Laparotomy revealed a normal appendix and the greater omentum twisted around its pedicle. The second patient was a 7-year-old girl admitted to the hospital because of abdominal pain in right lower quadrant for 2 days. The clinical features? were that of acute appendicitis. Laparotomy revealed a normal appendix and primary torsion of greater omentum around its pedicle. In both cases, resection of twisted omentum and incidental appendectomy were done. The microscopic findings in two cases consisted of congestion and vascular hemorrhage. Both patients recovered uneventfully. Torsion of the greater omentum, therefore, may be added to the entities to consider in the differential diagnosis of acute appendicitis.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.74 no.3
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• pp.97-103
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• 2013

A lung cyst is an air-filled lucent structure surrounded by a thin wall. The presence of multiple intrapulmonary cysts is defined as cystic lung disease. Although cystic lung disease is rare, incidental detection has increased significantly in recent years by screening using computed tomography. There are many conditions that can mimic lung cysts and cause cystic lung disease. Clinical, radiographic, and histologic findings are all necessary for a proper diagnosis, and multidisciplinary approaches are frequently required. The aim of this report is to review the causes and characteristics of cystic lung disease to better understand and improve treatment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Veterinary Pathology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.39-39
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• 2003

Balantidiasis is an infectious disease worldwide which is produced by a protozoan Balantidium coli. This single-celled organism is characterized by their large size ranging from 50 $\mu\textrm{m}$ to more than 500 $\mu\textrm{m}$ [1] which indicated by the presence of cilia on its cell surface. The parasite occurs in the lumen of cecum and colon of swine, humans and nonhuman primates as commensal, but can turn opportunist and invade injury tissues by other diseases [2]. It is difficult to diagnose the disease clinically since they are asymptomatic [3]; and can be complicated with other disease or parasitism. Here we report the incidental findings of Balantidiasis in the lymphatic ducts of gastric lymph node of Barbary sheep (Ammotragus lervia). (omitted)

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.424-435
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• 2012

This study aimed to examine the influences of children's sex and the social information interpretation(intentional/incidental) on aggressions (form/function). The subjects were 363 fifth and sixth graders from 6 elementary schools in Busan and the data were analyzed with two-way ANOVA. The research findings were as follows: First, children's sex had significant influence upon their overt aggression, and children's interpretation of social information had significant influences upon their overt aggression and relational aggression alike. Second, children's sex and interpretation of social information had significant influences upon their proactive aggression and reactive aggression. Finally, children's sex had significant influences upon proactive-overt aggression, reactive-overt aggression and proactive-relational aggression.