• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권8호
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• pp.3617-3619
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• 2012

Background: The completeness of cancer registration is a major validity index of any reported cancer incidence. The present study aimed to evaluate the esophageal cancer incidence registered in the Tehran Metropolitan Area Cancer Registry. Materials and methods: The data on esophageal cancer abstracted from three sources of 1) pathology departments, 2) medical records, and 3) death certificates during 2003 till 2007 were utilized. The completeness of the data sources were evaluated using coverage (defined as the proportion of a community population with esophageal cancer identified by the source) and density (defined as the proportion of non-empty fields of the data by source). Results: A total 1,404 cases of esophageal cancer were reported for the duration of the study. Pathology provided 771, medical records 432, and death certificates 609. The coverage was 0.55 for pathology, 0.31 for medical records, and 0.43 for death certificates. The respective density values were 0.82, 0.96 and 0.98, respectively. Pathology (0.45) was the most complete source followed by medical records (0.42), and death certificates (0.29). Discussion: A low degree of completeness dictates putting more effort into case finding plus abstracting data more thoroughly.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.109-116
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• 1984

The epidemiological information on 156 cases of acute drug intoxication treated at emergency room of Sin An Dai-Woo Hospital in Bi-Gum island during the year of 1981-1982 were reviewed and analyzed. And the findings obtained was as follows : 1) Annual incidence rate of acute drug intoxication was 3.3 per 1,000 in habitants (male 3.5, female 3.1). 2) In both sexes the highest incidence was obsesved in the age group of 20~49 years with 7.6 in male and 6.2 in female per 1,000 inhabitants. 3) In both sexes the highest ease distribution was observed during summer season of July and August (male 33.2%, female 26.4%). 4) Eating pesticides was the most frequently used for suicide purpose in both sexes (male 89. 3%, female 82.2%). 5) In terms of foundation for conclusion to eating poison, "by guardion's explanation" was the highest rate in both groups of eating pesticides (97.8%) and eating rodentcides(77.8%). 6) The case fatality rate due to eating poison was 4.5% (male 5.9%, female 2.8%). 7) In haspitalization days, the most cases was observed at less than 3 days (male 73.8%, female 79.2%).

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.95-105
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• 1989

The records of 248 patients over 16 years of age who had undergone a surgical correction of a congenital cardiovascular malformation during the period of 10 years from August, 1978 to July, 1988 were reviewed. During this period, the incidence of congenital cardiovascular malformation in adult was 18.2% of 1376 total heart disease operated on and 25.5% of 986 congenital heart defects. Among them, there were 200 patients in acyanotic group and 48 patients in cyanotic group. Male versus female ratio was 1:1.28. The oldest patient was 59 years old female who had atrial septal defect. The mean age was 24.4 years old. The distribution of the lesions showed a large preponderance of atrial septal defects [37.19o] followed in frequency by ventricular septal defects [918.1%], patent ductus arteriosus [17.3%], tetralogy of Fallot [16.1%], and a variety of other complex malformations[3.2%]. In the pediatric age group, relative frequency was different from that of this adult group, showing ventricular septal defects, tetralogy of Fallot, patent ductus arteriosus and atrial septal defects in order of incidence. The hospital mortality and late mortality were 6.0% and 1.7% respectively. The causes of hospital death were low cardiac output in 10 patients, arrhythmia in 2, air embolism in 1, sepsis in 1 and respiratory failure in l. Clinical improvement upto NYHA functional class I or II postoperatively has been achieved and sustained in all patients following repair except the patients of late death and receiving reoperation. This result confirms that congenital heart defects in the adults can be corrected with a good outcome and an aggressive operative approach seems justified.

• 치과방사선
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.15-28
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• 1980

The author studied age and sex distribution, etiology, affected site and several radiographic features of osteomyelitis of the jaw. And radiologic classification of osteomyelitis was also done. The material consisted of 118 males and 96 females examined and/or treated under the diagnosis of osteomyelitis during past 11 years (1970-1980.6) in SNUDH. The obtained results were as followings. 1. The incidence is the highest in teenages(22.9%) and the lowest in seventies. (2.8%). 2. 199 cases were found in lower jaw, and 15 cases in upper jaw. 30.8% of all cases were located at the posterior portion of mandibular body comprising alveolar region. 3. Radiographic examination of osteolytic lesion revealed that 21. 5% of all patients had periapical and alveolar bone rarefaction combined with osteoporotic changes and that in most of patients two or more of the above described changes were present at the same time. 4. Sclerotic lesions were seen in 62.2 % of all patients and 21.5% of sclerotic lesion were diffuse or homogenuous type. 5. Based on the radiologic study, classification of the osteomyelitis of the jaw was made. Loclized osteolytic type was the highest in incidence (38.8%) and localized sclerotic type was the lowest (7.0%)

• 환경위생공학
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.49-60
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• 1987

The incidence of Sexually Transmitted Disease has risen despite the progress in its diagnosis and treatment methods. For the effective control programs of S.T.D it should be required medical and social approaches. This survey was conducted in Young Dung Po and Sung Buk areas from June, 1986 to September, 1986. The 1185 prostitutes were studies in order to determine the prevalences of sexually transmitted disease. The results were as follows: 1. The average age of prostitutes was $24.0\pm3.9$ years. The age group of 21-25 years old was the highest level of about $70.3\%$. 2. The positive rate on non Gonococcal urethites was $9.1\%$ at Sung Buk area and $15.3\%$ at Young Dung Po area. 3. The positive rate of Neisseria Gonorrhoeae on culture of TM media was $6.4\%$ or total level and incidence ratio of Neisseria Gonorrhoeae: Non Gonococcal urethritis was 1: 1.7. 4. The positive rate of PPNG was occupied about $26.3\%$ among the total NG positive case. 5. The positive rate of VDRL Slide Test was $2.9\%$, and antibody Titer level of 1:2 was $38.8\%$. it was the highest of all Titer distribution.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.46-54
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• 1996

This study was perfomed to examine the distribution of causative agent of piglets diarrhea in eastern Chonnam province from February 1994 to March 1995. The causative agents of diarrhea were examined by bacterial culture test, parasitological test and serological test against PED, TGE and Rota. The 35 isolated E. coli were tested for antibiotic sensitivity. The results obtained were as follows. 1. The incidence of 81 piglets with diarrhea was most prevalent as 39.5% in the age of 2 to 4 weeks, compare to 34.6% in the age of 5 to 8 weeks and 16.0% under 1 weeks and 9.9 % in the age of 9 to 11 weeks after birth. 2. The incidence of 81 piglets diarrhea showed bacterial diarrhea(75.3%), viral diarrhea (35.8%) and parasitological diarrhea(18.5%). When compared the isolation frequency of each etiological agent, enteropathogenic E. coli was most prevalent as 55.5% in bacterial diarrhea, rotavlrus enteritis as 18.5% in viral diarrhea and trichuriasis as 13.6% in parasitological diarrhea. 3. The complicated infection of piglets was most prevalent as 41.7% in rotavirus enteritis with enteropathogenic E coli in 24 complicated piglets diarrhea. 4. In antibiotic sensitivity test, isolates showed moderatly resistance to Tobramycin, Amikacin, Imipenem, Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole, Gentamicin, Ampicillin but sensitivty to Ticarcillin/K. The 30 E. coli isolate showed multiple drug resistances in 3 different antibiotics.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.412-416
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• 2012

Background Even though the quality of medical and surgical care has improved remarkably over time, iatrogenic injuries that require surgical treatment including injuries caused by cast and elastic bandage pressure, extravasation, and dopamine-induced ischemia still frequently occur. The goal of this study was to estimate the incidence and analyze the distribution of iatrogenic injuries referred to our department. Methods A retrospective clinical review was performed from April 2006 to November 2010. In total, 196 patients (116 females and 80 males) were referred to the plastic surgery department for the treatment of iatrogenic injuries. We analyzed the types and anatomic locations of iatrogenic complications, along with therapeutic results. Results An extravasation injury (65 cases, 37.4%) was the most common iatrogenic complication in our study sample, followed by splint-induced skin ulceration, dopamine-induced necrosis, prefabricated pneumatic walking brace-related wounds and elastic bandage-induced wounds. Among these, prefabricated pneumatic walking brace-related complication incidence increased the most during the 5-year study period. Conclusions The awareness of the very common iatrogenic complications and its causes may allow physicians to reduce their occurrence and allow for earlier detection and referral to a plastic surgeon. We believe this is the first study to analyze iatrogenic complications referred to a plastic surgery department in a hospital unit.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.109-115
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• 1988

With the decreasing incidence of new cases and the highly effective results with antituberculous drug therapy, there is a marked decline in the need for surgery which was formerly such an important part in the successful program of management of this disease. During the period of two years and a half from Jun. 1984 to Dec. 1986, this study represents an analysis of 163 cases of several surgical management for eventual control of pulmonary tuberculosis at National Kon-ju tuberculosis Hospital. 1. Mode of surgical treatment was: Resection; 123 cases [Pneumonectomy: 83, lobectomy: 35, lobectomy plus segmentectomy; 4 segmentectomy: 1], thoracoplasty: 20 and others: 20. 2. Age distribution ranged 16and 68 with average of 34 years. Male and female ratio was 1.2: 1. 3. Surgical indications were: totally destroyed lung; 64, Destroyed lobe of segment; 13, cavity positive sputum; 10, cavity c negative Sputum; 6, Bronchostenosis c atelectasis; 2, empyema c or s BPF; 46, Aspergilloma; 8, Questions of Associated tumor; 4 and other 5. 4. Incidence of Complications was 10.4% and the mortality was 5.5 percent. The cause of mortality were analyzed. The main causes of death were respiratory insufficiency; 4, fulminant hepatitis; 1, hemorrhage; 1 and unknown; 1 in pneumonectomy, and asphyxia; 1 in lobectomy and sepsis; 1 in other procedure. 5. Conversion rare of positive sputum to negative state related to resectional surgery was 91.5%. In pneumonectomy, drug resistant group preoperatively showed 88.1% conversion rate postoperatively and drug sensitive group showed that 100% conversion rate. In lobectomy, both drug resistant and sensitive groups showed that 100% conversion rate postoperatively.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.681-691
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• 1988

Fifty-five patients with primary mediastinal tumors and cysts which were seen at T.S. Dept., HYUH, were analyzed clinically, histologically, in an incidence of anatomic location and therapeutic results. The results were summarized as follows; 1] The ages of the patients in this series ranged from 15 months to 79 years with the highest incidence in the age group of third decade, and there were no sex distribution[M:F=0.96]. 2] The most frequently encountered tumors were teratodermoid tumors[29%] followed by neurogenic tumors[22%], thymomas[15%] and benign cysts[11%] in decreasing order of frequency. 3] Based on the subdivision of the mediastinum, 62% of the tumors were in the antero-superior mediastinum, 7% in the middle mediastinum and 31% in the posterior mediastinum. 4] The most frequent symptom was chest pain and others were dyspnea, cough, chest tightness and dysphagia. Asymptomatic patients were 29%. 5] Benign tumors and cysts were 71% and malignant tumors were 29%. 6] The successful removal was possible in all the benign mediastinal tumors and cysts[39 cases] and partial removal or biopsy was performed in the 12 cases among 16 cases of malignant mediastinal tumors. 7] Postoperative complications were bleeding, chylothorax, vocal cord paralysis, wound infection and hypothyroidism. 8] The most frequent mediastinal tumor in the West is neurogenic tumor but is teratoma in Korea.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.281-288
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• 2021

The purpose of the study is to determine the poverty and distributional effects of the implementation of Tax Reform for Acceleration and Inclusion Law. The Computable General Equilibrium-Top Down Behavioral Microsimulation was used to obtain the effects of the tax reform on macroeconomic and microeconomic levels. Moreover, the Poverty Gap Index, Squared Poverty Gap Index, Foster, Greer, and Thorbecke Measures of Poverty, and Sen-Shorrocks-Thon Index were used to measure the poverty effect of the tax reform. Meanwhile, the Gini Coefficient and SST Gini Coefficient Index were used to measure the distributional effect of the tax reform. The results show that the implementation of the tax reform has resulted in a significant increase in household income and disposable income. Region IV has the highest estimated increase in household income. Meanwhile, Region IV remained to have the lowest household income. Further, the findings of this study suggest that the tax reform resulted in a significant decrease in the magnitude of poor and the number of poor in the Philippines. However, the result of the study also suggests that the effect of tax reform manifests no differences in terms of the poverty gap measured through the Foster, Greer, and Thorbecke poverty index due.