• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.164-176
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• 1998

This study deals with the current medical utilization for migrant workers and the characteristics of them. The purpose of this study is to provide the basic information to establish proper medical policy. For the study self-made questionnaire was used, which was answered by 453 migrant workers working in the area of manufacturing and non-technical work in 10 cities like Seoul, Inchon, Namyangju, Sungnam, Kwangju, Pyungchon, Kunpo, Kimpo, Masuk in Kyungki-do and Chunan in Chungchungnam-do. Besides, 303 medical records of those who had visited free medical check-up center were analyzed. The period of accumulating data is 6 months, from November 1st, 1996 to April 30th, 1997. The characteristics of migrant workers and current medical utilization are analyzed by percentage and the relation between characteristics and current medical utilization were analyzed using ${\chi}^2$-test, t-test, ANOVA. The finding of this study was as follows : 1) The number of nationality was 16. The first majority was Philippians as 32.0%. Among 16 nationalities Southeastern and Northern Asians were 48.9%, Southwestern Asian was 46.5%, the rest was 7.3%. Men were 81.0%, those who are aged from 26 to 30 were 39.0%, Graduatee from high school 92.7%, Christians 56.3%, unmarried 55.4% and salary from 600,000 Won to 800,000 Won 53.8% averaging monthly payment 669,810 Won. As for their residence, those who resided over 3 years were 31.9% and the illegal residence reached 77.4%. As for Korean language, those who speak in middle level were 5.6%. 2) As for kind of work and circumstances, manufacturing was 81.1%, 4 off-days per month 72.2% and 9-10 working hours per day 42.1%. As for accommodation, residence in fabric was 62.6% and one or two members as roommate 40.2%. 3) The characteristics of health behavior showed that 89.4% of migrant workers had 3 meals, 70.9% of them did not drink alcohol, 73.5% of them did not smoke. 4) As a characteristic of health status, 71.8% of them perceived of their health. 76.1% thought that they had no illness before coming Korea. Among them who recognized their illness, those who had problem in circulatory system was 35.3%, respiratory system ENT 19.1% and nervous system 19.1%.66.2% of those having illness had already had sickness when coming to Korea. 5) During last one month, 79.2% of them were known as ones having no illness. Among the sick, those who had problem in circulatory system was 31.6%, nervous system 23.7% and respiratory system 21.1%. 60.3% of the sick were not cured at that time. 6) Sorting the symptom of those who visited free medical check up, dental care was 24.2%, orthopedic 14.0% and digestive system 13.8%. Teethache was 34.4%, stomach problem 11.6%, upper respiratory inflammation 10.2% and back pain 5.9%. Averagely they visited free medical check up 1-2 times. According to symptom, epilepsy 25.5 times, heart and vascular disease 9 times, constipation 2.8%, neurosis 2.38 times and stomach problem 2.34 times. 7) The most frequently visited medical service by migrant workers was hospital. The most mentioned reason was good healing as 36.3%. The medical service satisfied migrant workers mostly was hospital as 64.3%. The reason of satisfaction was also good healing as 45.9%. 8) 77.2% of respondents did not spend money for medical check. Average monthly medical cost was 25,100 Won, 3.7% of income. Those who had no medical security was 73.4%. In their case, 67.7% got discount from hospital or support from working place and religious organization. 9) As for the difference of medical utilization according for the characteristics of migrant workers, legal workers and no-Korean speaker used hospital more frequently. 10) Those who were satisfied most of all with the service of hospital were female workers, hinduists and buddhists, legal workers or manufacture workers. 11) Christians, those who have 3 meals or recognize themselves as healthy ones mostly had no illness. As a result, the most of migrant workers in Korea are from Asia. They are good educated but are working in manufacturing and illegal. Their average income is under 700,000 Won which in not enough for medical cost. They have no medical security and medical fee is supported by religious organization or discounted. Considering these facts the medical policy by government is to be established.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.77-101
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• 1997

In September 1994, residents of Gozan-dong, Incheon City, made a petition to the government about their health problems which might be caused by previous glass fibre landfill nearby 'H' company. In february 1995, at regular academic meeting of occupational and environmental medicine, a research team of 'D' University presented that they had found glass fibres in groundwater of the area through their survey. They were suspicious of probable association between ingestion of groundwater contaminated with glass fibres and skin tumors among residents. A joint research team was formed and carried out the survey of environment concerning groundwater and its glass fibre existence, and health assessment of residents in the area and industrial workers of 'H' company during May to November, 1995. Analysis of groundwater flow system indicates that the flow lines from the glass fibre landfill pass through or terminate at the 6 houses around the landfill. This means that the groundwater of the 6 houses around the glass fibre landfill could be affected by some possible contaminants from the landfill, but the groundwater quality of the other houses was irrelevant to the landfill. The qualitative and qualitative analyses for glass fibres in 54 groundwater samples including those from the nearby 6 houses, were carried out using SEM equipped with EDS, resulting in no evidence for the presence of glass fibres in the waters. Major precipitates, formed in waters while boiling, were identified as calcium carbonates, in particulary, aragonites in needle form. The results of health assessments of 889 residents in Gozan-dong, participated in this study, showed statistically significant differences in past medical histories of skin tumor and respiratory disease between the exposed group (31 persons who inhabited in 6 houses around the landfill) and the control group, but no significant differences in past medical histories of other diseases, such as cancer mortality, current gastroscopic findings, current skin diseases and respiratory diseases, etc. Also, we could not prove any glass fibres in excised specimens of 9 skin tumors in both groups and there were no health problems possibly associated with glass fibres in employees of the 'H' company. After all, we could not authenticate the association, raised by prior investigators, between groundwater streams, assumedly contaminated with glass fibres or not, and specific disease morbidities or common disease/symptom prevalences. That is, we could not find any glass fibres in groundwater as the only exposure factor of this study hypothesis, and there were not enough certain evidences such as increasing disease prevalences, for examples, skin, respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases etc, possibly related to glass fibre exposure, in exposed group. As a matter of course, the conditions for confirming causal association, for example, strength of the association, consistency of the association, specificity of the association, temporality of the association and dose-response relationship etc, have not been satisfied. In conclusion, we were not able to certify the hypothesis that contamination of groundwater with glass fibres might cause any hazardous health effects in residents who used it for drinking.

• 재무관리연구
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.167-186
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• 1995

기업인수합병(M&A) 시장의 활성화에 따라 적대적 공개매수를 방어하기 위한 반인수조치(Antitakeover Techniques)들에 관한 관심도 고조되고 있다. 지금까지 널리 알려져 있는 대표적인 반인수 조치들은 Fair Price Amendment(FPA), Classified Board Amendment(CBA)와 Poison Pills(PP) 등이다. 이들 대표적 세 반인수조치들 중에서 FPA와 CBA 채택의 경우는 주주들의 사전 승인이 요구되는데 반하여 PP는 주주들의 사전 승인없이 채택이 가능한 반인수조치이다. 이처럼 상이한 반인수조치들의 채택은 채택기업의 가치에 상이한 부의 효과를 미치는데, 이 분야의 많은 실증적연구 결과들이 보고되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 표본기업으로 현재까지 상호개별적으로 연구되어 왔던 두가지 반인수조치(FTA, CBA)에 PP와 비채택기업도 포함시키고 있다. 지금까지의 반인수조치 채택에 따른 기업가치에 미치는 부의 효과에 관한 연구결과를 확인해보고, 반인수조치 채택에 관한 경영자의 의사결정과 경영자의 부 사이에 체계적인 관계가 존재하는지를 실증분석하고자 한다. 여기서 경영자의 부는 기업내부자 지분율과 기업내 경영자를 위한 Golden Parachute의 존재 유무로 측정한다. 본 연구에서는 3개의 가설을 설정하였다. 가설1: 만일 경영자가 주주의 이익을 희생하면서 자신의 이익을 위한 반인수조치를 채택한다면, 반인수조치 채택의 공표는 평균적으로 기업가치에 부(-)의 효과를 보일 것이다. 가설2: 경영자의 내부지분율이 낮을때 경영자들은 주주에게 가장 해로운 반인수조치를 선택할 것이다. 가설3: Golden Parachute가 존재하지 않을때 경영자들은 주주에게 가장 해로운 반인수조치를 채택할 것이다. 본 연구의 대상기업들중에서 반인수조치 채택 기업들은 IRRC 1990년도판에서 수집되었고, 대칭표본 기업으로 반인수조치를 채택하지 않은 기업들은 CRSP 파일에서 기업규모, SIC 코드를 대응시켜 선정하였다. 임원, 관계이사들과 친인척을 포함하는 내부자의 지분과 Golden Parachute 존재 여부는 이 연구의 표본기업들의 Proxy Statement에서 수집하였다. 최종 표본기업은 FPA 채택기업, CBA 채택기업, PP채택기업, 그리고 비채택기업으로 4개의 상호 배타적인 기업 그룹으로 구성되었다. 본 연구는 Event Study와 Multinomial Logistic Regession의 두가지 실증분석 방법을 사용하였다. Event Study방법론은 반인수조치 채택 공표시 초과수익률을 조사하기 위해 사용하였다. Multinomial Logistic Regession은 선택된 반인수조치 종류와 설명 변수들(내부자 지분율, Golden Parachute)간에 체계적인 관계가 존재하는지를 검증하기 위해 사용되었다. 반인수조치들을 채택하는 기업들은 반인수조치를 채택하고 있지 않은 기업들에 비해 내부자 지분율이 낮게 나타났으며, 반인수조치 중 PP를 채택한 기업에서 가장 낮은 내부지분율을 보이고 있다. GP 채택을 보면 PP를 선택한 기업의 50%가 GP를 채택하였다. 본 연구에서 반인수조치 채택 발표일 하루 전후의 초과수익률을 조사한 결과는 반인수조치 미채택기업, CBA, FPA 채택기업들의 초과수익률은 통계적으로 의미가 없었으나, PP채택에 따른 초과수익률은 의미 있는 부(-)의 값을 나타냈다. 이와같이 CBA와 FPA채택기업들은 주주의 부를 감소시키지 않았으나 PP채택기업들은 주주의 부를 감소시켰다. 따라서 경영자는 주주의 이익을 희생시키면서 자신의 이익을 위해 PP를 선택하고 있음을 보여 주고 있다. 연구결과는 내부자 지분율의 크기가 경영자와 주주간의 이해를 효과적으로 일치시키고 있음을 제시하고 있다. 즉, 내부자 지분율이 큰 기업일수록 반인수조치를 채택하지 않거나 반인수조치 채택시에 주주의 이익에 반하지 않은 반인수조치를 선택하는 경향이 높다. Golden Parachute이 존재하는 기업은 FPA를 채택하거나 반인수조치를 채택하지 않는 것보다 PP나 CBA를 채택하는 경향이 더 높다. 한편 기업에서의 GP의 존재가 경영자의 가장 해로운 반인수조치 선택을 억제하지 못함을 보여주고 있는데, 이는 GP가 비효과적인 계약메카니즘임을 제기한다. GP가 경영자와 주주간의 이해를 일치시키도록하는 계약이라기 보다는 차라리 기업방어전략이 비효과적일때 경영자 자신의 안전판으로 제공되고 있음을 보여준다. 이 논문의 주요공헌은 기업내부자 지분율의 크기와 GP의 존재가 반인수조치 선택에 체계적인 영향을 미치고 있음을 보여준 것이다. 여기서 사용된 Multinomial Logistic모델은 내부지분을 크기와 GP의 존재가 PP또는 CBA가 채택될 것인지를 예측할 수 있게 한다.

• 대한미생물학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.79-93
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• 1987

The result of various researches mainly in search of 194 Shigella strains, isolated by the Health Research Centers(situated in Seoul city, Inchon city, Pusan city, Kyonggi-Do, Kangwon-Do, Chungchongnam and Buk-Do, Kyongsangnam and Buk-Do, Jollanam and Buk-Do, and Jaeju-Do) in addition to those clinical laboratories of all the general hospitals situated down twon Seoul, conducted during the month of Jan. through Dec. 85, through the reisolating-activity program following its transportation into the laboratory, particularly for a complete check on its correctiveness, are as follows: 1. Isolation processes were performed with the 194 strains obtained from each placeduring the period of investigation: 164 Strains(84.5%) of Sh. flexneri, B group; 6 Strains(3.1%) of Sh. boydii, C group; 24 Strains(12.3%) of Sh. sonnei, D group, which means there's quite a lot in B group while Sh. dysenteriae, A group was not isolated at all. 2. The isolation rate of the 164, B group for subserotype was 1b, 84(51.2%) the highest one, 2(1.2%) on 3a the lowest one, 4, on C group; In D group subserotype II showed 14(58.4%) more than subserotype I. 3. The biological data on sexuality regarding the isolation-strain showed traditional particularity. But the subserotype 1b in B group 2(2.4%) showed gas-growth from glucose. In subserotype 1a, the indole-growth was 88.9% on masculine which was considerably a good one. In the test of arginine dihydrolase subserotype I among D group showed 100% masculine rate. The subserotype 6 among B group showed 92.5% masculine. In the dissolution test of manitol, all subserotypes showed 100% maculine except subserotype 1b. In the dissolutioning test of rhamnose, the subserotype I among D group showed 100% masculine which is the unusual one. 4. Interms of the area among 13 districts examined, Kangwon-Do had 41(21.1%) which is the highest one on its ratio. 5. In terms of season on the strain isolation category, 44(22.7%) is the number isolated in April which is the highest one. 6. In terms of ages, the strain isolation ratio was notably high above the ages of 60 which was 34(17.5%). Next one was 29(14.9%) which was under the ages of 4. 7. In terms of sex, female was 113 or 58.2% while male was 74 or 38.2%, which means the female had more than the male. 8. The result of the resisting capability on the usage of 12 antibiotic medication was; 100% on chloramphenicol; 94.3% on tetracycline, 82.0% on streptomycin, 76.3% on carbenicillin, 74.7% on ampicillin, in regular order. The strain source bearing multimedication resisivity against the 5 antibiotic medication is as many as 117 or 60.3%. Of which 43.3% of 1b sub serotype, B group was the best one, and thus the resistivity against the antistrain medication seems the tendency is being changed. The summing up of the above result shows the total specific strains isolated in each branch in Korea is 194, of which the main type is Sh. flexneri 84.5%. The isolating rate is almost evenly spreading, although the Kangwon-Do showed the highest rate on the above data. It also shows female is higher than male on its statistics. The tendency on age category showed both on old and infancy generations high. However, the resistant capability against antibacteria medication or vaccine was still remaining on habitual one, particularly tending towards multimedication or vaccine trend.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.185-195
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• 1975

1. 본 논문은 1969연부터 1974연에 이르기까지 인천 송도, 안면도, 부안 근해에서 채집한 대합 M. lusoria와 가무락 C. sinensis의 산란 유발, 초기 발생 및 유생 성장에 관한 연구를 한 것이다. 2. 대합은 4/100와 5/100N의 $NH_4OH$ 해수용액을 난소에 직벚 주사하여 $25.0\~33.3\%$ 산란유발이 가능했고, 가무락에서는 1/100, 1/180, 3/100 N의 $NH_4OH$의 해수 용액으로 $12.5\~19.0\%$의 산란 유발을 할 수 있었다. 그러나 가무락의 경우는 반복온도 자극에 의해서 $40.0\%$까지 방란 및 방정 유발을 가능하게 했다. 3. 대합과 가무락에 있어서의 각각 $36.9\%$와 $39.3\%$였다. 4. 1/1000N $NH_4OH$, 해수용액에 의한 대합과 가무락의 초기 발생과정에서는 수정란 50분에 극체가 출현하고 5시간 40분이 경과되면 담륜자 유생으로 되고 2시간이 지나면 D형 피면자 유생이 됨을 관찰하였다. 5. 두 종의 유생을 사육한 결과 대합은 수정 후 1일이 지나면 평균 각장이 $10.9.5{\pm}0.7\mu$인 초기 D형기에, 11일 경과하면 $14.6{\pm}1.3\mu$ 인 각정기에, 20일이면 $208.0{\pm}0.0\mu$인 변태기에 달하였고, 가무락은 1일이 지나면 평균 각장이 $110{\mu}5{\pm}0.6\mu$인 초기 D형기에, 10일 이면 $141.8{\pm}1.7$인 각정기에, 20일이면 $235.0{\pm}0.0\mu$의 변태기에 달함을 관찰하였다. 6. 초기 D형으로부터 변태기까지의 각장(L)과 각고(H)의 상대성장 관계는 대합이 H=0.77L+6.82 이고, 가무락은 H=0.75L+8.50의 식으로 나타낼 수 있다.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.197-219
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• 2005

본 연구는 실업계열 전문 과목 중에서 범계열적으로 선택 이수되고 있는 식품과 영양 과목의 성취기준 및 평가기준을 국가 교육과정에 근거하여 개발하고, 활용 가능한 예시 평가 도구를 개발하여 식품과 영양 과목 교육과정 운영의 내실화와 평가 기반 구축에 목적 두고 수행하였다. 주요 연구 결과로는 먼저 문헌 및 자료 분석을 통해 성취기준 및 평가기준의 개념과 필요성, 식품과 영양 과목의 성취기준 및 평가기준, 예시 평가도구 개발에 적용될 개발 절차와 제시 모형 등을 고찰하였다. 두 번째로는 식품과 영양 과목의 교육과정 및 교과서 내용 체계를 분석하여 성취기준 및 평가기준 개발을 위한 내용 요소를 6개 대영역, 32개 중영역, 70개의 내용 요소로 선정 구성하였다. 성취기준은 이 내용 요소에 기초를 두고 내용 특성과 학습자의 도달점 행동을 고려하여 총 89개로 세분화하여 개발하였다. 또한 평가기준은 각 성취기준을 기초로 성취수준과 활동 수준에 차이를 두어 상${\cdot}$중${\cdot}$하 3단계로 제시하였다. 셋째, 예시 평가도구는 개발한 성취기준과 평가기준의 구체적인 예로서 단위학교의 실정에 맞게 적절하게 변형하여 사용할 수 있는 참고 자료임을 전제로 개발하였으며 서술형, 보고서법, 실험${\cdot}$실습법, 포트폴리오, 단답형 등의 유형을 적용하여 총 100개 문항을 개발하였다. 끝으로 개발한 식품과 영양 과목의 성취기준 및 평가기준, 예시평가 도구를 단위학교 수준에서 효과적으로 활용할 수 있는 방안을 제시하였다.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.83-110
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to investigate the status of the problematic behavior for the demented elderly and the stress among family members, and the effects of the problematic behavior upon the stress in order to offer the basic data for the adult and the elderly health education about dementia. For this purpose, 70 families who were resident in Seoul and Inchon were surveyed by quetionnaires. This was carried out from 26 July, 1994 to 11 September, 1994. Datum was analysed by using SPSS\PC+ including percentage, mean, t - test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation. So, the results of this study were as follows: 1. In view of socia-demographic characteristics, female were 82.9%, and of the female daughters-in-law of the demented elderly were 44.9%. 40th years old were 32.9% and 88.6% wase married. The christian were 34.8%, those who graduated university 47.1%, and those who had a job 32.9%. 2. Of the demented elderly, female were 74.3%, 80 years old were 37.1%, and their average age was seventy-seven point one years old. 66.2% of the elderly has been lived alone and the christian were 27.5%. In addition, those who graduated elementary school were 66.5%. 3. Of the behavior problem for the demented elderly, Activities of the Daily Living(ADL) was the most severe problem. The 2nd was cognitive function problem, the 3th, change of personality, the 4th, emotional disturbance, and the last, misconduct behavior. 4. For the status of behavior problems, females were more severe than male, and 80th years elderly ware the most severe groups. The longer disease period was, the severe problematic behaviors were, and in 4-6 years of the disease period the status was the highest(p＜0.05). Those who diagnosed the disease had more severe problems(p＜0.001). 5. The orders of the stress among family members caring for the demented elderly in this study were as follows : 1. The deficiency of supporting network 2. Decrease of elderly's cognitive activities 3. Assistance of BADL(Basic Activities of Daily Living) 6. Elderly's abnormal behavior 5. Assistance of IADL(Instrumental Activities of Daily Living), 6. As for the status of the stress among family members, female respondants were higher than male. On the ages, 20th years' stress score were the highest. Daughters-in-law were stressed more than other family members. The longer the time of caring per day was, the highest the status of the stress(p＜0.05), 7. Those who caring for female elderly and more than 80 years had more stressed. When the elderly was received the diagnosis, the family members were more stressed. On the disease period, 1-2 years was the highest and after 2 years the status of the stress was decreased and more than 6 years was the lowest(p＜0.05). 8. Behavior problems of the demented elderly were closely associated to the stress for family members. Of the problems, change of personality was the most related factor(r = 0.6552). The factors of Basic Activities of the Daily Living(BADL) was most correlated on assistance of Basic Activities of Daily Living (BADL), emotional disturbance the assistance of IADL(Instrumental Activities of Daily Living). Change of personality was most related to the stress of the decrease of cognitive activities and elderly's abnormal behavior. The deficiency of supporting network was most related to misconduct behavior.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.1-19
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to define the content of the requisite knowledge of pathophysiology, clinical microbiology, and mechanisms and effects of drugs needed for clinical knowledge for nursing practice. Contents of knowlege on pathological physiology, clinical microbiology, and mechanisms and effects of drugs were constructed from syllabus of basic nursing subjects in 4 colleges of nursing, and textbooks. The degree of need of 72 items was measured with a 4 point scale. The subjects of this study were college-graduated 136 nurses from seven university hospital in Seoul and three in Chonnam Province, Kyungbook Province, and Inchon. They have been working at internal medicine ward, surgical ward, intensive care unit, obstetrics and gynecology ward, pediatrics ward, opthalmology ward, ear, nose, and throat ward, emergency room, rehabilitation ward, cancer ward, and hospice ward. The results were as follows : 1. The highest scored items of the knowledge of pathophysiology, clinical microbiology, and mechanisms and effects of drugs necessary for nursing practice were side effects of drugs, anticoagulants, mechanisms of drugs, antihypertensive drugs, tolerance and addiction of drugs, interactions among drugs, hospital infection in the order of importance. The lowest scored item was structure of microorganisms. 2. The highest order of need according to unit was repair in tissue injury unit, definition etiology classification of inflammation in inflammation unit, transplantation and immunologic response in alterations in immunity unit, thrombus and thrombosis in disorders of cardiovascular function unit, gene disorders in genetic disorders unit, hospital infection in infection unit, virus in microorganisms unit, side reactions of drugs in introduction unit, anticonvulsants in drugs for central nervous system unit, local anesthesia in anesthesia unit, anticoagulants in drugs for cardiovascular system unit, anti-inflammatory drugs in antibiotics unit, anti-ulcer drugs in drugs for digestive system unit, and bronchodilators in drugs for respiratory system unit. 3. The common content of the knowledge of pathophysiology, clinical microbiology, and mechanisms and effects of drugs needed for all clinical areas in nursing were side effects of drugs, anticoagulants, interactions among drugs, and hospital infection. However, the degree of need of each pathological physiology, clinical microbiology, clinical microbiology, and mechanisms and effects of drugs was different depending on clinical areas. 4. Significant differences in the knowledge of pathophysiology, clinical microbiology, and mechanisms and effects of drugs necessary for nursing practice such as tissue changes due to injurious stimuli, degenerative changes of tissue, alterations in metabolism of carbohydrates, ischemia, hyperemia and congestion, hospital infection, structure of microorganism, classification of microorganism, bacteria, virus, antidepressants, antipsychotic drugs, antiemetic drugs, antiparkinsonism drugs, antianxiety drugs, antibiotics, tuberculostatics, antiviral drugs, antifungal drugs, parasiticides, antiulcer drugs, antidiarrheais, and anti constipation drugs were shown according to the work area. 5. Significant differences in the knowledge of pathophysiology, clinical microbiology, and mechanisms and effects of drugs necessary for nursing practice such as transplantation and immunologic response, alterations in the metabolism of uric acid, structure of microorganism, classification of microorganism, immunosuppressants, drugs for congestive heart failure were demonstrated according to the duration of work. Based on these findings, all the 72 items constructed by Korean Academic Society of Basic Nursing science should be included as contents of the knowledge of pathophysiology, clinical microbiology, and mechanisms and effects of drugs.

• 한국해양학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.403-412
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• 1995

본 연구에서는 한국 서해 인천 연안의 송도 갯벌 조간대에 서식하는 동죽(Mactra veneriformis)의 성장과 생산을 조사하였다. 표품은 1989년 3월부터 1990년 9월까지 월별로 채집하였다. 각장은 1989년 3월부터 8월까지 단일 규모 모드를 보였보였다. 1989년 9월부터는 1990년 9월부터는 작은 개체들이 출현하기 시작하여 이중모드를 보 였다. 서식밀도는 다소 불규칙적으로 변동하였으나, 대체로 시간이 경과함에 따라 감 소하는 경향을 보였다. 1989 연도군의 서식밀도는 1990년 2월 이후 급격히 증가하였 다. 각장은 봄에 성장이 빠르고, 산란기 이후 여름과 가을에 둔화되며, 겨울에 성장을 멈추었다. 성장률은 연령이 증가될수록 감소하였다. 중량은 산란기 직전에 늦봄에 최 대값을 보이고, 가을에 2차 최대값을 나타내었다. 윤장과 이로부터 역계산한 육질부 건중량으로 연성장을 분석하였다. 각장은 vov bertalanffy 성장 모델에, 건중량은 Gompertz 성장모델에 잘 적합되었다. 1985년군의 L∽가 가장 높고, 1986년 군이 가장 낮았다. 중량의 성장률은 2∼3세에서 최대값을 나타내었다. 1984년군과 1985년군의 W ∽와 성장률이 높았고, 1986년군과 1987년군이 낮았다. 최대성장률이 나타나는 연령은 1986년군과 1987년군이 더 빨랐다. 각장과 중륭의 상대 성장률은 연령에 따라 지수함 수적으로 감소하였다. 육질부 건중량의 생물량은 모든 연령군에서 봄에 높았다가 산란 기 이후 감소하여 겨울에 최저치를 보였다. 생물량은 1990년 8월에 134.6g·m/SUP -2/ 으로 가장 높았다. 1989년도군이 가입한 이후에는 1989년군의 생물량이 총 생물량의 변동을 지배하였다. 1989년 3월부터 1990년 3월까지의 연소연량은 67.9g·m/SUP -2/· y/SUP -1/이었다. 조사기간동안 1989년도군의 누적 생산량이 가장 높았고, 1984년군이 가장 적었다. 생산량은 봄과 가을에 증가하였고, 여름과 겨울에 0의 값을 보였다.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.1-24
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to define the content of requisite human structure and function knowledge needed for clinical knowledge of nursing practice. Subjects of human structure and function were divided into 10 units, and each unit was further divided into 21 subunits, resulting in a total of 90 items. Contents of knowledge of human structure and function were constructed from syllabus of basic nursing subjects in 4 college of nursing, and textbooks published by nurse scholars prepared with basic nursing sciences. The degree of need of 90 items was measured with a 4 point scale. The subjects of this study were college graduated 136 nurses from seven university hospitals in Seoul and three university hospitals located in Chonnam Province, Kyungbook Province, and Inchon. They have been working at internal medicine ward, surgical ward, intensive care unit, obstetrics and gynecology ward, pediatrics ward, opthalmology ward, ear, nose, and throat ward, emergency room, rehabilitation ward, cancer ward, hospice ward, and their working period was mostly under 5 years. The results were as follows: 1. The highest scored items of human structure and function knowledge necessary for nursing practice were electrolyte balance, blood clotting mechanism and anticoagulation mechanism, hematopoietic function, body fluid balance, function of plasma, and anatomical terminology in the order of importance. The lowest scored items of human structure and function knowledge necessary for nursing practice was sexual factors of genetic mutation. 2. The highest order of need according to unit was membrane transport in the living unit, anatomical terminology in movement and exercise unit, mechanism of hormone function in regulation and integration unit, component and function of blood in oxygenation function unit, structure and function of digestive system in digestive and energy metabolism unit, temperature regulation in temperature regulation unit electrolyte balance in body fluid and electrolyte unit, concept of immunity in body resistance unit, and genetics terminology in genetics unit. The highest order of importance according to subunit was membrane transportation in cell subunit, classification of tissues in tissue unit, function of skin and skin in skin subunit, anatomical derivatives of the skeleton subunit, classification of joints in joint subunit, an effect of exercise on muscles in muscle subunit, function of brain in nervous system subunit, special sense in sensory subunit mechanism of hormone function in endocrine subunit, structure and function of female reproductive system in reproductive system unit, structure and function of blood in blood unit, structure of heart, electrical and mechanical function in cardiovascular system unit, structure of respiratory system in respiratory system subunit, structure and function of digestive system in digestive system subunit, hormonal regulation of metabolism in nutrition and metabolism subunit, function of kidney in urologic system subunit, electolyte balance in body fluid, electolyte and acid-base balance subunit. 3. The common content of human structure and function knowledge need for all clinical areas in nursing was structure and function of blood, hematopoietic function, function of plasm, coagulation mechanism and anticoagulation mechanism, body fluid, electrolyte balance, and acid-base balance. However, the degree of need of each human structure and function knowledge was different depending on clinical areas. 4. Significant differences in human structure and function knowledge necessary for nursing practice such as skin and derivatives of the skin, growth and development of bone, classification of joint, classification of muscle, structure of muscle, function of muscle, function of spinal cord, peripheral nerve, structure and function of pancrease, component and function of blood, function of plasma, structure and function of blood, hemodynamics, respiratory dynamics, gas transport, regulation of respiration, chemical digestion of foods, absorption of foods, characteristics of nutrients, metabolism and hormonal regulation, body energy balance were demonstrated according to the duration of work. 5. Significant differences in human structure and function knowledge necessary for nursing practice such as classification of tissue, classification of muscles, function of muscles, muscle metabolism, classification of skeletal muscles, classification of nervous system, neurotransmitters, mechanism of hormone function, pituitary and pituitary hormone, structure and function of male reproductive organ, structure and function of female reproductive organ, component and function of blood, function of plasma, coagulation mechanism and anticoagulation mechanism, gas exchange, gas transport, regulation of respiration, characteristics of nutrients, energy balance, function of kidney, concept of immunity, classification and function of immunity were shown according to the work area. Based on these findings, all the 90 items constructed by Korean Academic Society of Basic Nursing Science should be included as contents of human structure and function knowledge.