• Animal Bioscience
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.689-696
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• 2024

Objective: Our study examined the impact of propriety blends of Bacillus strain probiotics on the performance, egg quality, and faecal microflora of laying hens. Methods: A total of 183 Institut de selection Animale (ISA) brown laying hens aged 23 weeks with an average body weight of 1,894±72 g were randomly allocated into 3 groups as control (corn-soybean meal based diet, CON), 0.5 g/kg Enterosure probiotics (ET1, 3×10⁸ colony-forming unit [CFU]/kg feed), and 5 g/kg Enterosure probiotics (ET2, 3×10⁹ CFU/kg feed) administered in mashed form. At the completion of each phase hen day egg production (HDEP), average egg weight (AEW), feed intake, and faecal microbiota were evaluated. Results: HDEP and AEW were higher (p<0.05) in the ET2-supplemented diet in phase 3 (week 9 to 12) compared with CON. Egg mass (EM) was higher (p<0.05) in phase 2 at ET2, and also higher (p<0.05) in phase 3 at the ET1 and ET2-supplemented diets compared with CON. Feed conversion ratio was lower (p<0.05) in phase 3 at the ET1 and ET2-supplemented diets, with ET2 being the lowest compared with ET1 and CON. Yolk colour was higher (p<0.05) in the ET-supplemented diets at phase 3 compared with CON. Bifidobacterium spp. was higher (p<0.05) in the ET2- supplemented diet compared with CON in phase 2, while in In phase 3, Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacterium spp. were higher (p<0.05) in the ET-supplemented diets compared with CON. Coliforms were lower (p<0.05) in the ET-supplemented diets compared with CON in phase 3. Conclusion: The propriety blends of Bacillus strain probiotics supplements at 0.5 g/kg and 5 g/kg could improve the production and quality of eggs with more significance at 5 g/kg for HDEP, AEW and EM, which was achieved via the increase of beneficial microbiomes such as Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobacterium spp., and the decrease of pathogenic microbiomes like Escherichia coli and Coliforms which was speculated to improve gut barrier function and the reproductive hormone.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.77-81
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• 2020

본 연구는 돼지정자의 동결보존에 있어 0.5 ml straw에 비해 5.0 ml straw가 가지고 있었던 제한적인 요소들을 극복하기 위하여 동결속도, 융해온도 및 융해 시간을 확립하기 위하여 실시되었다. 동결속도는 정자가 -140℃까지 도달하는 시간을 8분 30초인 동결법(FR-1)과 14분인 동결법(FR-2)으로 나누어 각각 0.5 ml 및 5 ml straw를 이용하여 동결하였으며, 동결-융해한 정자는 CASA 장비를 이용하여 정자 성상을 비교 분석하였다. 동결속도 만큼 융해 온도 및 시간 또한 매우 중요한 요소이기 때문에 융해 방법을 37℃, 50℃ 및 70℃에서 각각 115초, 45초 및 25초간 실시하여 정자 성상을 비교하였다. 그 결과 FR-2의 동결속도 보다 FR-1의 동결속도에서 높은 생존율과 운동성을 보였고, 50℃에서 45초간 융해 하였을 때 가장 높은 생존율과 운동성을 보였다(73.4±3.6; 74.5±2.2%, p<0.05). 정자의 첨체 충실성 및 형태학적 특징에서는 처리구간에 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 본 연구를 통해 얻은 데이터를 종합해볼 때, 그 동안 동결정액을 이용한 돼지 인공수정 시 5.0 ml straw가 0.5 ml straw 비해 저조한 정자 생존율 및 활력을 나타냄으로써 번식성적이 떨어져 사용을 기피하여 왔지만 개선된 프로토콜을 활용하면 동결정액을 이용한 돼지 인공수정에 있어 여러 straw를 융해해야 하는 불편함 대신에 인공수정 시 1 straw를(dose) 융해하여 사용함으로써 사용자의 편리성을 높일 뿐만 아니라 인공수정에 있어 집중력을 높여 번식성적 향상에도 기여할 것으로 사료된다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.364-370
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• 2009

본 연구의 목적은 strain gage와 LVDT (linear variable differential transformer) 변위센서를 이용하여 섬유 보강 복합레진에서 섬유의 방향이 복합레진의 중합수축에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위함이다. 지름 10 mm, 높이 2 mm의 원반 모양 유동성 복합레진 (Aeliteflo A2, Bisco, Inc., IL, USA) 중앙에 유리섬유 (X-80821P Glass Fiber, Bisco, Inc., IL, USA)를 위치시키고, 섬유가 배열된 장축 방향 (longitudinal)과 수직방향 (transversal)의 중합수축량을 strain gage (Linear S-series 350${\Omega}$, CAS, Seoul, Korea)를 이용하여 각각 측정하였다. 사용된 유동성 복합레진 자체의 free 중합수축을 구하기 위해 지름 7 mm, 높이 1 mm의 원반 모양 시편의 수직 방향 (axial) free 중합수축값을 LVDT로 측정하였다. 중합된 시편들을 절단하여 주사전자현미경으로 복합 레진 내부의 섬유배열을 관찰하고 각 군에서 측정된 평균 수축값들을 ANOVA로 비교하였고 Scheffe post-hoc test로 사후 검정하였다 (${\alpha}$=0.05). 섬유가 배열된 평면 상에서 복합레진의 중합수축 (radial shrinkage)은 섬유와 평행한 방향에서 감소하고 섬유와 수직한 방향에서 증가했다 (p<0.05). 본 연구의 결과 섬유 보강 복합레진으로 스플린트나 수복물을 제작할 때 중합수축량은 보강된 섬유의 배열방향에 따라 큰 차이가 남을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2006년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.7
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• pp.144-145
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• 2006

ZnO is a promising material to make high efficiency violet or blue light emitting diodes (LEDs) for its large binding energy (60meV) and big bandgap. But the high quality p-type conduction of ZnO is a dilemma to achieve LEDs with it. In present study, we presented a reliable method to prepare ZnO thin films on (100)silicon substrates by RF magnetron sputtering in the mixture ambient of $N_2$ and $O_2$, accompanying with low pressure annealing in the sputtering chamber in $O_2$ at $600^{\circ}C$ and $800^{\circ}C$ respectively. X-ray diffraction and Hail effect with Van der Paul method were performed to test ZnO films. Seeback effect was also carried out to identify carrier types in ZnO films and showed the N-doped ZnO film annealed at $800^{\circ}C$ had achieved p-type conduction.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of computerized neurocognitive function program on cognitive function about memory and attention with stroke. Methods: 24subjects with stroke were recruited. Twelve of subjects received conventional therapy including physical therapy, occupational therapy and language therapy. Another subjects received additional computer assisted cognitive training using Computer-aided Cognitive rehabilitation training system(COMCOG, MaxMedica Inc., 2004). All patients were assessed their cognitive function of memory and attention using Computerized Neurocognitive Function Test(CNT, MaxMedica Inc., 2004) before treatment and 6 weeks after treatment. Results: Before the treatment, two groups showed no difference in cognitive function(p>0.05). After 6 weeks, two groups showed significantly difference in digit span (forward, backward), verbal learning(A5, $A1{\sim}A5$), auditory CPT(n), visual CPT(n)(p<0.05). After treatment, the experimental group showed a significant improvement of digit span(forward, backward), verbal learning(A5, $A1{\sim}A5$), visual span (forward, backward), auditory CPT(n, sec), visual CPT(n, sec), and trail-making (A, B)(p<0.05). Conclusion: Computerized neurocognitive function program would be improved cognitive function of memory and attention in patients with stoke.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제14권9호
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• pp.944-949
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 InCaP/GaAs HBT공정을 이용하여 낮은 DC 파워소모, 낮은 NF, 낮은 IMD 와 광대역 특성을 갖는 Ku-band LNB용 이중평형믹서를 설계하였다. 제작된 믹서는 3 V, 16 mA 의 U조건과 -23 dBm의 RF입력 조건하에서 5 dB의 변환이득, 14 dB의 NF, 17.9 GHz의 대역폭 그리고 50.34 dBc의 IMD특성을 얻었다. 낮은 IMD 특성, 광대역폭, 낮은 파워소모 특성은 InGaP/GaAs HBT의 선형성과 광대역 입력 정합기법과 바이어스 점의 최적화를 통해 얻을 수 있었다.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.83-96
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• 2024

Purpose : This study was conducted to determine the effects of a brain spinning program on cognitive function, body composition, health related fitness and physical self-efficacy of children and adolescents. Methods : This study, 34 children and adolescents were selected and divided into two groups : the exercise group (n=16), which received a brain spinning program and the control group (n=16), which did not receive any exercise program. The program was conducted for 30 minutes three times a week for 4 weeks, and the cognitive function, body composition, health related fitness and physical self-efficacy were measured both before and after the program. Results : The exercise group, which received a brain spinning program showed a significant increase in short-term memory (p<.05) and working memory (p<.01), and muscle mass increased significantly only in the exercise group (p<.05). In addition, left grip strength increased in the exercise group (p<.01), and the maximum oxygen intake decreased significantly only in the control group (p<.05), and Sit-forward bend increased significantly only in the exercise group (p<.01). Physical self-efficacy significantly increased only in the exercise group (p<.05). Conclusion : In summary, short-term memory, cognitive efficiency, working memory, muscle mass, left grip strength, maximum oxygen intake, and left forward bending in children and adolescents significantly increased after the 4-week brain spinning program. However, the control group that was not provided with the 4-week brain spinning program showed a significant increase in body weight and a significant decrease in maximum oxygen intake. In conclusion, the 4-week brain spinning program has positive effects on short-term memory, cognitive function, muscle mass, muscle strength, cardiorespiratory endurance, flexibility, and physical self-efficacy.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈B:순수및응용수학
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.177-183
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• 2003

In this paper, we initiate the study of some annihilator conditions on polynomials which were used by Kaplansky [Rings of operators. W. A. Benjamin, Inc., New York, 1968] to abstract the algebra of bounded linear operators on a Hilbert spaces with Baer condition. On the other hand, p.p.-rings were introduced by Hattori [A foundation of torsion theory for modules over general rings. Nagoya Math. J. 17 (1960) 147-158] to study the torsion theory. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the near-rings with Baer condition and near-rings with p.p. condition which are somewhat different from ring case, and to extend a results of Armendariz [A note on extensions of Baer and P.P.-rings. J. Austral. Math. Soc. 18 (1974), 470-473] and Jøndrup [p.p. rings and finitely generated flat ideals. Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 28 (1971) 431-435].

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.537-542
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• 2003

개시시 체중 7.63, 0.41kg, 3원 교잡종 이유자돈(25일령) 60두를 공시하여, 이유자돈 사료내 재조합 인간 락토페리신 컬처(RHLC ; recombinant human lactoferricin culture)의 급여가 성장, 영양소 소화율 및 혈장내 면역글로블린 G 농도에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위하여 20일간 사양시험을 실시하였다. 시험설계는 1) 항생제 무첨가구(NC), 2) 항생제 첨가구(PC; NC 사료 + 0.1% chlortetracycline), 3) 항생제 무첨가구 사료에 RHLC를 0.3% 첨가한 처리구 (RHLC0.3; NC 사료 + 0.3% RHLC), 4) 항생제 무첨가구 사료에 RHLC를 0.5% 첨가한 처리구 (RHLC0.5; NC 사료 + 0.5% RHLC)로 4개 처리로 하였다. 총 사양시험 기간동안, 일당증체량에 있어서는 항생제 첨가구와 비교하여 RHLC의 첨가수준이 증가함에 따라 높아지는 경향을 보였으나, 표준오차가 크기 때문에 유의적인 차이는 보이지 않았다. 일당사료섭취량에 있어서는 PC 처리구와 비교하여 RHLC0.3 처리구가 유의적으로 높았으며(P<0.05), 사료효율에 있어서는 PC 처리구와 비교하여 RHLC0.5 처리구가 가장 좋은 것으로 나타났다(P<0.05). 영양소 소화율에 있어서는 NC 처리구와 비교하여 PC, RHLC0.3 및 RHLC0.5 처리구가 유의적으로 높게 평가되었으며(P<0.05), 혈장내 면역글로블린 G 농도는 처리구간에 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 결론적으로, 이유자돈에 있어 재조합 인간 락토페린신 컬처가 항생제를 대체할 가능성이 있는 것으로 사료된다.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.205-223
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• 2006

File sharing through P2P was decided as illegal according to Supreme Court of the U.S. and the Highest Court of Korea in 2005. Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios Inc. et al. v. Grokster, LTD., et al. and Soribada v. Korea Association for Music Providers have the same ground for decision. P2P service company has vicarious liability for illegal file sharing of its customers. Balance between copyright protection and development of technology was considered in that decision. Programmer who will develop new program for free download and copyright holders who will exploit every measures to protect their right may compromise for their mutual benefits.