• Health Policy and Management
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.176-187
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• 2013

Background: In 2006 Emergency Medical Services Index (EMSI), which summarizes the performance of regional emergency medical services system, was developed. This study assesses the performance of the EMSI to help determine whether EMSI can be used as evaluation tool. Methods: To build a composite score of the EMSI from predefined 24 indicators, 3 normalized values were calculated for each indicator, the normalized values of each indicator were weighted using 4 weighting methods, and the weighted values were aggregated into the final composite score using 2 aggregation schemes. The performance of EMSI was evaluated using 3 criteria: discrimination, construct validity, and sensitivity. Discrimination was the proportion of regions that did not include the overall median rank in the 5th to 95th percentiles rank interval, which was calculated from Monte Carlo simulation. Construct validity was a correlation among the alternative EMSIs. Sensitivity of EMSIs was evaluated by total shift of quartile membership and changes of 5th to 95th percentile intervals. Results: The total discrimination performance of the EMSI was 50.0%. Correlation coefficients between EMSIs using standardized values and those using rescaled values ranged from 0.621 to 0.997. Variation of the quartile membership of regions ranged from 0.0% to 75.0%. The total change in the 5th to 95th percentile intervals ranged from -19 to +17 places. Conclusion: The results suggested that the EMSI could be used as a tool for evaluating quality of regional EMS system and for identifying the areas for quality improvement.

• Journal of Korean Academic Society of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.159-170
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• 2001

Client(patient) satisfaction has been used for a variety of purposes in different settings, yet, those receiving home care services have been the focus of few satisfaction studies. Satisfaction is considered an indicator of quality of care and is also being used to assess the performance of home care providers and home health care delivery at multiple levels. The aim of this study was to develop the tool for evaluating client satisfaction in several aspects with home care service while maintaining or achieving acceptable reliability and validity. Firstly, Client Satisfaction Instrument made preliminary of 43 items composed basic 6 criteria and 7 indicators, based on a review of literature, quality improvement and client satisfaction findings in home care. Secondly, there were consisted in two expert panel groups who were made in professionals of research and practice in home care field. The tool was modified to 6 criteria and 7 indicators, 25 items after reviewing by two expert panel groups. The content validity index of the tool was above 0.8 and the results of internal consistency was more than 0.8 in all items. Finally. The Client Satisfaction Instrument in Home Care Service was made up 6 criteria such as client satisfaction of nurses's instruction of home care educational need. knowledge/technique/attitude of homecare nurses's performance. interpersonal relationship and emotional support of nurse. easiness of homecare accessibility, continuity of homecare service. overall efficacy of homecare use, 7 indicators. and 25 items. The results of evaluating client satisfaction will be able to contribute in quality improvement and service marketing in home care.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.656-666
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop visions of nursing service, nursing strategies and key performance indicators (KPIs) for an intensive care unit (ICU) based on a Balanced Scorecard (BSC). Methods: This study was undertaken by using methodological research. The development process consisted of four phases; the first phase was to develop the vision of nursing in ICUs. The second phase was to develop strategies according to 4 perspectives of a BSC. The third phase was to develop KPIs according to the 4 perspectives of BSC and the final phase was to combine the nursing visions, strategies and KPIs of ICUs. Results: Two main visions of nursing service for ICUs were established. These were 'realization of harmonized professional nursing with human respect' and 'recovery of health through specialized nursing' respectively. In order to reach the aim of developing nursing visions, thirteen practical strategies and nineteen KPIs were developed by four perspectives of the BSC. Conclusion: The results will be used as objective fundamental data to attain business outcomes for the achievement of nursing visions and strategies of ICUs.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.177-183
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• 2010

This study was conducted to investigate the antibiotic effects of bee venom (Apis mellifera) on the growth performance and blood characteristics in broiler chicken. 1-day-old broiler chicks were randomly divided into 3 groups with 3 replicates of 5,000 birds each. The treatments were control without antibiotic and bee venom, 0.5ppm or 1ppm bee venom. The final body weight and body weight gain were significantly higher in bee venom than control (P<0.05). The feed conversion ratio in all treated groups were significantly improved as compared to that of control (P<0.05). No significant differences among the groups were observed in the contents of total cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total protein, albumin and globulin in blood serum. The white blood cell, red blood cell, heterophil, lymphocyte, and stress indicator (heterophil:lymphocyte rate) were not significantly different among the groups. The superoxide dismutase-like activities in the groups that were water containing bee venom were significantly increased compared to those in the control group (P<0.05). It has been suggested that bee venom promotes the growth of broilers without any negative effect when added in broiler water.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.81-94
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• 2013

Recently, the dramatical increasement of personal information infringement makes the government strongly enforce the laws. The Key-point of law enforcement is the DB encryption. Nevertheless, DB encryption is the one of the hardest thing in the organization's security measures. The purpose of this paper is suggesting alternative means of residence numbers and showing the possibility of indicator usage for safety measures. This research suggested the best ways to make a decision through a before and after comparison of the DB encryption cost of the inherent identification number elimination in "Social Welfare consolidation service system". When this research result was applied in "Happiness-e-Um system", we found that the alternative means are more efficient than the residence number for encryption cost, system revision time and so on.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.2-13
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• 2022

Purpose: This study assessed the status of the Development and Utilization of critical pathways (CP) in South Korea. Methods: We surveyed 195 hospitals obtained on the Korean Hospital Association website. Data were collected using structured questionnaires for staff members in charge of CP management personnel in these hospitals. The questionnaire included CP developed by the institutions, the coverage rates and completion rates of CP in the current year, and management indicators related to CP. The questionnaire also included CP support systems and content within the institutions and questions regarding the advantages of CP utilization and obstacles associated with the CP development process. Results: Analysis of the responses from 70 hospitals (35.9% response rate) showed that a total of 1,370 CP sets were developed. The number of CP related to surgery departments was 365 (26.6%), and CP related to surgery and procedure was 1,093 (79.8%), respectively. The CP coverage rate was the most frequently used indicator to monitor the effect of CP (97.1%), followed by the completion rate (90.0%) and the length of stay in hospital (61.4%). CP managers reported that CP were highly useful for communication (3.39±0.493) and accurate information provision (3.39±0.491). The perception that CP violated doctors' autonomy in treatment was relatively low (2.87±0.645). Conclusion: It is necessary to establish an infrastructure in hospitals for CP. CP can facilitate communication and provide accurate information.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.1609-1617
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• 2013

TFRC(TCP-Friendly Rate Control) has a performance degradation in wireless networks because it performs congestion control by judging all the losses occurred in wireless networks as a congestion indicator. It is also degraded by the increased Round Trip Time(RTT) due to packet retransmission and contention overhead in the link layer. In this paper, we propose an adaptive rate control scheme based on cross-layer to improve the quality of streaming services in the wireless networks. It provides new RTT estimation and loss discrimination methods to improve transmission rate of TFRC. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme can improve the performance of TFRC.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.8 no.9
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• pp.234-241
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• 2008

The feature of the hotel business as a labor intensive industry and its heavy dependence on man power is relatively bigger than other industries. the important factors influencing the customer`s decision making are tangible facilities and intangible service qualities. however, the changes in economic situation are also seriously influencing them. So hotels are started to find other IT(information technology) systems. BSC which has been recognized as one of barometers to establish management performance is one of them. The purpose of this study was to develop KPI(key performance indicator) by using the BSC(Balanced Scorecard) for evaluating hotel management performance. This thesis presents customer performance, inner process performance, learning and growing performance as non-financial factors and tries to examine the cause and effect in the hotel industry. Hotels have to know nonfinancial performance which has positively relate to financial performance. To introduce BSC system is not to lead increasing income and bettermenting service quality, satisfacting customer needa for hotels, But to lead developing value enhancement to hotel enterprises and present process.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.481-494
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• 2003

Purpose: This study was to develop nursing competencies, sub-competencies and behavior indicators according to the clinical ladder of emergency nurses. Method: index of content validation was used by 21 clinical experts. Results: This study had three phases to develop nursing competencies, sub-competencies and behavior indicators. In first phase: 12 nursing competencies and 33 sub-competencies were developed through the literature review on nursing competency and emergency nurses' job description. The content of 12 competencies and 33 sub-competencies were reviewed by 3 nursing professors. The 12 competencies and 33 sub-competencies were followed: clinical judgement and measures(6 sub-competencies), processing ability of ward works(2 sub-competencies), flexibility(2 sub-competencies), resources management(2 sub-competencies), confidence(3 sub-competencies), cooperation(2 sub-competencies), professional development power(2 sub-competencies), patient service orientation(3 sub-competencies), inclination toward ethical value(5 sub-competencies), influence power(2 sub-competencies), developing others(2 sub-competencies), self control(2 sub-competencies). In second phase, 132 behavior indicators were developed according to nurse clinical ladder: novice, advanced novice, competent, proficient. In Third phase, content validity was examined on 132 behavior indicators by 21 clinical experts. 126 among 132 indicators had over 70% agreement among experts and 6 indicators under 70% were revised. Conclusion: nursing competencies, sub competencies and behavior indicators can be used nurses' clinical performance as well as establishing proper directions for professional growth related to reward system.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.426-431
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• 2011

The quality of performance evaluation on engineering consultants that provide design-related technical services is difficult to be measured, and only a handful of papers discussed the quality during the design stage. Although design cost is relatively far less than construction cost for a project, the decisions made in the design phase have a significant impact on the final products of the project, especially for large public construction projects. Therefore, this research focuses on reviewing and then establishing a performance evaluation framework for the consulting firms that execute detailed design and provide technical services for the Taipei Rapid Transit Systems (TRTS). By interviewing experts, this study first established a set of indicators to evaluate these firms' performance. Then, those indicators were incorporated into the four aspects of balanced scorecard (BSC) to establish the architecture of the evaluation mechanism. The weight of each indicator was calculated by analytic hierarchy process (AHP) from a survey conducted among experts. The results showed that the top-three indicators were quantity take-off, functions conformity, and budgeting. The framework of performance evaluation established by this study can be applied to measure service performance during the design stage. It not only facilitates the monitoring of consulting firms, but also helps to reduce unnecessary change orders and disputes during the construction stage.