• Title/Summary/Keyword: In-Vessel

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Metastasis via Peritumoral Lymphatic Dilation in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

  • Kim, Han-Seok;Park, Young-Wook
    • Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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    • v.36 no.3
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    • pp.85-93
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    • 2014
  • Purpose: Nodal metastasis is the main prognostic factor in the patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). We investigated the association between tumor-associated lymphatics and OSCC characteristics. Methods: Thirty-four specimens were used for the immunohistochemical staining with the antibody for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C, VEGF-D, VEGF receptor (VEGFR)-3, phosphorylated VEGFR-3, D2-40, and matrix metallproteinases (MMPs). We observed the distribution of the lymphangiogenic factors and quantified the degree of expression. We determined lymphatic vessel density (LVD) and lymphatic vessel dilatation with D2-40 immunostaining. We assessed the association of LVD or lymphatic vessel dilatation with tumor progression or tumor differentiation. Results: OSCC cells expressed lymphangiogenic ligands. Lymphangiogenic receptor, VEGFR-3, was expressed and activated in some tumor cells as well as in tumor-associated endothelial cells. LVD was not associated with tumor size or nodal status, but lymphatic vessel dilatation was higher in tumors with nodal metastasis, and also higher in poorly differentiated tumors. In stromal area of OSCC, MMP-1 and MMP-10 were up-regulated and the basement membrane of tumor-associated endothelial cells was destroyed by these collagenases. Conclusion: In the primary tumors with nodal metastasis, especially in poorly differentiated OSCC, tumor cells invaded the dilated lymphatic vessels via ruptured sites. MMP-1 and MMP-10 are important in the lysis of the glycocalyx inside the tumor-associated lymphatic endothelial cells.

A Study on the Bow Shape of Ice Breaking Vessel (빙해선박의 선수 선형에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Hyun-Soo;Lee, Chun-Ju
    • Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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    • v.47 no.3
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    • pp.469-475
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    • 2010
  • The operation scenarios, types of ice, draft and propulsion system are important design point on the beginning stage of the ice breaking vessel. The concept of hull form in ice breaking vessel has to compromise the performance according to the operation route especially if ship is operating in ice and ice free water. The several hull forms were proposed to optimize the capability of the vessel in this paper. The effect of hull form according to type of ice is also discussing and explaining the ice resistance in each ice type as like pack ice, brash ice, level ice, rubble ice and ice ridge. The draft effect was examined and propulsion system for example FPP(Fixed pitch propeller), CPP(Controllable pitch propeller) and POD system was compared focusing on the propulsion efficiency.

Development of Manufacturing Method of Vessel for Keeping Warm by Hydraulic Bulging (액압벌징에 의한 보온용기의 제조방법 개발)

  • Chung, Joon-Ki;Cho, Woong-Shick
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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    • v.16 no.7
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    • pp.24-31
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    • 1999
  • Bulging is a forming method to shape of die cavity by using hydraulic pressure in tube or vessel. Bulging machine and die were developed in order to produce vessel for keeping warm. Bulging machine is a double type with two horizontal cylinders for bulging of two pieces at the same time. The developed die system has one bulging die and two drawing dies for necking at the both ends of tube. The diameter of tube expands by hydraulic pressure in tube. at the same time, thrust at the both ends of tube. pushes tube in the direction of expansion to obtain high expanding rate with no crack. In this study, the bulging properties were investigated to solve tube crack and necking in manufacturing vessel by the combination method of bulging and drawing. As a result, high expanding rate of tube radius without crack, precision necking and high productivity were obtained.

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Development of Manufacturing Method of Vessel for Keeping Warm by Hydraulic Bulging

  • Chung, Joon-Ki;Cho, Woong-Shick
    • International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
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    • v.2 no.4
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    • pp.40-46
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    • 2001
  • Bulging is a forming method to shape die cavity by using hydraulic pressure in tube or vessel. Bulging machine and die were developed in order to produce vessel for keeping warm. Bulging machine is a double type with two horizontal cylinders for bulging of two pieces at the same time. The developed die system has one bulging die and two drawing dies for necking at both ends of the tube. The diameter of tube expands by hydraulic pressure in tube. At the same time, thrust at both ends of the tube pushes tube in the direction of expansion to obtain high expansion rate with no crack. In this study, the bulging properties were investigated to solve tube crack and necking in manufacturing vessel by combining bulging and drawing. As a result, high expanding rate of tube radius without crack, precision necking and high productivity were obtained.

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A Post Smoothing Algorithm for Vessel Segmentation

  • Li, Jiangtao;Lee, Hyo Jong
    • Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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    • 2009.11a
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    • pp.345-346
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    • 2009
  • The segmentation of vessel including portal vein, hepatic vein and artery, from Computed Tomography (CT) images plays an important role in the therapeutic strategies for hepatic diseases. Representing segmented vessels in three dimensional spaces is extremely useful for doctors to plan liver surgery. In this paper, proposed method is focused on smoothing technique of segmented 3D liver vessels, which derived from 3D region growing approach. A pixel expand algorithm has been developed first to avoid vessel lose and disconnection cased by the next smoothing technique. And then a binary volume filtering technique has been implemented and applied to make the segmented binary vessel volume qualitatively smoother. This strategy uses an iterative relaxation process to extract isosurfaces from binary volumes while retaining anatomical structure and important features in the volume. Hard and irregular place in volume image has been eliminated as shown in the result part, which also demonstrated that proposed method is a suitable smoothing solution for post processing of fine vessel segmentation.

Manufacture of High-temperature High-pressure Vessel for Mixed Gas Performance Test via Optimized Design (최적화 설계를 통한 혼합가스 성능시험용 고온 고압 용기의 제작)

  • Ku, Hyoun-Kon;Ryu, Hyung-Min;Ahn, Jae-Woong;Bae, Young-Gwan;Kim, Jin-Hee
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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    • v.18 no.11
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    • pp.83-88
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    • 2019
  • In this study, the high-temperature high-pressure vessel was successfully manufactured, which can be used to store pressurized air and to increase the temperature for the mix performance test of high-temperature high-pressure air with coolant (e.g., water). In this research, static structure analysis and transient thermal analysis were performed using the commercial software Midas NFX 2015 R1. Based on the results, the optimized pressure vessel design was carried out. As a result of the optimized design, the minimum stress and minimum weight were found at 120 mm of the vessel thickness, and the optimized pressure vessel was verified. Finally, through manufacture and performance test (e.g., the non-destructive inspection and hydraulic pressure test), the reliability and safety were validated for the designed pressure vessel.

Steady-State Performance Analysis of Pressurizer and Helical Steam Generator for SMART

  • Seo, Jae-Kwang;Kang, Hyung-Seok;Kim, Hwan-Yeol;Cho, Bong-Hyun;Lee, Doo-Jeong
    • Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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    • 1997.05a
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    • pp.310-315
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    • 1997
  • System-Integrated Modular Advanced Reactor (SMART), where major primary components such as modular helical steam generator and self regulating pressurizer are integrated into reactor vessel, is currently under development. The pressurizer is designed to control the primary pressure mainly with partial pressure of nitrogen gas and to maintain the fluid temperature as low as possible for the purpose of minimizing steam contribution. The steam generator (SG) is designed to produce super-heated steam inside tube at power operation. Because the in-vessel pressurizer and in-vessel SG are classified as the characteristic components of SMART, it is important to perform a steady state calculation of these components in order to evaluate the adoption of these components. A steady state analysis of the in-vessel pressurizer and in-vessel SG has been performed under normal power operation and the results show an acceptable performance of the components.

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An Assessment of Reactor Vessel Integrity Under In-Vessel Vapor Explosion Loads

  • Bang, Kwang-Hyun;Cho, Jong-Rae;Park, Soo-Yong
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • v.32 no.4
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    • pp.299-308
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    • 2000
  • A safety assessment of reactor vessel lower head integrity under in-vessel vapor explosion loads has been performed. The core melt relocation parameters were chosen within the ranges of physically realizable bounds. The premixing and explosion calculations were performed using TRACER-II code. Using the calculated explosion pressures imposed on the lower head inner wall, strain calculations were peformed using ANSYS code. Then, the calculated strain results and the established failure criteria were used in determining the failure probability of the lower head, In the explosion analyses, it is shown that the explosion impulses are not altered significantly by the uncertain parameters of triggering location and time, fuel and vapor volume fractions in uniform premixture bounding calculations. Strain analyses show that the vapor explosion-induced lower head failure is not possible under the present framework of assessment. The result of static analysis using the conservative explosion-end pressure of 50 MPa also supports the conclusion. It is recommended, however, that an assessment of fracture mechanics for preexisting cracks be also considered to obtain a more concrete conclusion.

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A Study on Space Planning of Passenger Accommodation Area in Large Cruise Ship (대형 크루즈 선박의 승객거주구역 공간계획에 관한 연구)

  • 이한석;박명규;한창용
    • Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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    • no.23
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    • pp.9-16
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    • 2000
  • year in Europe and Asia. Therefore the introduction of new ships continues at a great rate. There is a definite trend toward either large ships or smaller, more luxurious vessels in cruise industry. The day to design and build the large cruise vessel is coming to Korean shipyards, sooner or later. The most important thing to design large cruise vessel is to have a correct comprehension about the feature of cruise vessel, especially of the passenger accommodation area in cruise vessel. This paper is on the spatial features of the passenger accommodation area in cruise vessel. General arrangement drawings, deck plans and technical data of the newest large cruise ships are analysed to understand the spatial features and induce the direction of space planning of passenger accommodation area for the large cruise ship of tomorrow.

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Psycho-acoustic evaluation of the indoor noise in cabins of a naval vessel using a back-propagation neural network algorithm

  • Han, Hyung-Suk
    • International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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    • v.4 no.4
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    • pp.374-385
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    • 2012
  • The indoor noise of a ship is usually determined using the A-weighted sound pressure level. However, in order to better understand this phenomenon, evaluation parameters that more accurately reflect the human sense of hearing are required. To find the level of the satisfaction index of the noise inside a naval vessel such as "Loudness" and "Annoyance", psycho-acoustic evaluation of various sound recordings from the naval vessel was performed in a laboratory. The objective of this paper is to develop a single index of "Loudness" and "Annoyance" for noise inside a naval vessel according to a psycho-acoustic evaluation by using psychological responses such as Noise Rating (NR), Noise Criterion (NC), Room Criterion (RC), Preferred Speech Interference Level (PSIL) and loudness level. Additionally, in order to determine a single index of satisfaction for noise such as "Loudness" and "Annoyance", with respect to a human's sense of hearing, a back-propagation neural network is applied.