• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.77-88
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• 2004

Objectives ; This study was to investigate the anti-cancer effects of herbal acupuncture with distilled fresh ginseng. The herbal acupuncture was injected to Chung-wan($C.V_{12}$) and Wisu($BL_{21}$) of mice that were subjected to Sarcoma-180 adbominal cancer cell and A549 human epithelial lung cancer cells in vitro. Methods : Anti-cancer effects of distilled fresh ginseng herbal acupuncture were tested by measruing Cox, Bcl-2, and Bax by using RT-PCR in A549 human epithelial lung cancer cells in vitro. And four weeks old Balb/c line male mice weighing around $20\;{\pm}\;3g$ were used to measure survival rate and anti-cancer effect to outputs of interleukin-2 and interleukin-4 using flow cytometry, possibility of mRNA menifestation using RT-PCR, and Cox mRNA. The results are as follows. Results : 1. In measuring mRNA menifestation in Cox, Bcl-2, and Bax by using RT-PCR in A549 human epithelial lung cancer cells in vitro, the result showed that fresh ginseng decreased Cox-2 which is directly involved in Inflammation process. 2. Survival rate was measured in an anti-cancer effect experiment against Sarcoma-180 abdorminal cancer. Median survival time of controlled group was 27 days, of experiment group I was 21 days, and of experiment group II was 27 days. Therefore, experiment group I showed -22.2% increase in survival rate and experiment group II showed no difference compare to controlled group. 3. There was no difference between condition group and controlled and experiment group in measuring outputs of interleukin-2 and interleukin 4 by using flow cytometry 4. In measuring outputs of interleukin-2 by using ELISA, there was no significant difference between condition group and controlled group and there was decrease in experiment group II compared to conditioned and controlled group. 5. In measuring cytokine mRNA menifestation by using RT-PCR, experiment group I showed increase of mRNA menifestation in interleukin-2,4 and $interferon-{\gamma}$ and experiment group II showed no significant difference in $interferon-{\gamma}$. Conclusion : According to the results, fresh ginseng herbal-acupuncture took a little effects in cancer. In using distilled fresh ginseng herbal acupuncture has effect on Cox-2 decrease. However, the difference in concentration of fresh ginseng showed no effect on killing cancer cell. It is assumed that inaccurate concentration of herbal acupuncture and fresh ginseng component could be the reason for this result. Therefore, future consideration will be studies on herbal acupuncture concentration.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.189-209
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• 2007

Objectives : In order to study the effect of Dangkwiyughwangtang and Okbyoungpoongsangamibang on the immune response induced by methotrexate in mice. Method : Delayed type of hypersensitivity, hemagglutinin titer, hemolysin titer, rosette forming cells, phagocytic activity for immune response, lymphocyte transformation, and productivity of Interleukin-2 were measured. Results : Body weight decreasing was significantly inhibited as compared with control group in both the Dangkwiyughwangtang and Okbyoungpoongsangamibang groups. Delayed type of hypersensitivity was significantly increased as compared with control group in both groups Hemagglutinin titer was significantly increased as compared with control group in both groups. Hemolysin titer was significantly increased as compared with control group in the Okbyoungpoongsangamibang group. Rosette forming cells were significantly increased as compared with control group in both groups. Phagocytic activity for immune response was slightly decreased in the Dangkwiyughwangtang group and slightly increased in the Okbyoungpoongsangamibang group insignificantly as compared with the control group. Lymphocyte transformation was significantly increased as compared with the control group in both the Dangkwiyughwangtang and Okbyoungpoongsangamibang groups. Productivity of Interleukin-2 was significantly increased as compared with the control group in both the Dangkwiyughwangtang and Okbyoungpoongsangamibang groups. Conclusion : Both the Dangkwiyughwangtang and Okbyoungpoongsangamibang groups enhance immunity in mice.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.5 no.1 s.8
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• pp.43-52
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• 2002

Objectives: This study was purposed to investigate the sarcoma-180 anticancer effects of Herbal acupuncture with Juglandis Semen(JsD) in mice. Methods: The Juglandis Semen Herbal-acupuncture was injected on Chung-wan(CV12) of mice with S-180 cancer cell line. Results: The results obtained were summarized as follows; 1. Median survival time of S-180 cancer cell treated with Juglandis Semen Herbal-Acupuncture was not significant.(p < 0.05) 2. Natural killer cell activity was insignificant for S-180 cell treated with Juglandis Semen Herbal-Acupuncture Herbal acupuncture. (P < 0.05) 3. Interleukin-2 productivity of S-180 cell treated with Juglandis Semen Herbal-Acupuncture was not significant.(P < 0.05) Conclusions: According to the results, we can conclude Herbal-acupuncture with Juglandis Semen caused no effects in S-180 cancer cell.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.28-40
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• 2000

Objectives : This study was purposed to investigate the effect of honey bee venom aqua-acupuncture on decreased immune response by its production from Korea, North America and China. Methods : ICR-mouse was exposed with four minute sublethal 60Co- $\gamma$ -ray irradiation onto the body and got a series of each country's 0.1 ml honey bee venom aqua-acupuncture to Choksamni(ST36) every other day for three times. Thereafter the numbers of WBC, delayed type hypersensitivity, hemagglutinin titers, hemolysin titers, quantitation of T-cell and B-cell, lymphocyte transformation, natural killer cell activity, interleukin-2 productivity and interferon productivity were measured. Results : The numbers of WBC, delayed type hypersensitivity, hemagglutinin titers, hemolysin titers, quantitation of T-cell and B-cell and lymphocyte transformation were increased respectively with statistical significance in Korean, North American and Chinese honey bee venom aqua-acupuncture groups as compared with the control group. The natural killer cell activity was increased with statistical significance in Korean honey bee venom aqua-acupuncture group, and Interleukin-2 productivity and interferon productivity were not shown any statistical significance in all experimental groups as compared with the control group. Conclusions : According to the results, honey bee venom aqua-acupuncture has significant effect on decreased immune response, and Korean bee venom can be substituted for North American and Chinese one.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.205-218
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• 2006

Objectives : This study was performed to investigate the effects of anti-cancer and changes In immune response of Lonicerge Flos Herbal-acupuncture. Methods Experimental studies were evaluated through the anti-cancer and immune response activities such as, cell viability, BNA fragmentation, Apoptosis, survival time, pulmonary colonization, and productivity of interleukins & $interferon-{\gamma}$. In order to study the effects of anti-cancer and changes in immune response of Lonicerae Flos Herbal-acupuncture, the groups were divided into five groups ; Normal group(non treated group), Control A group(0.2ml Normal saline for oral administration), Control B group(administration of intramuscular injection with 0.2ml Lonicerae Flos Herbal-acupuncture solution), Acupuncture group(AT, administration of acupuncture at Chungbu(L1)), and Herbal-Acupuncture group(HAT, administration of Lonicerae Flos Herbal-acupuncture at Chungbu(L1)). Results : 1. Lonicerae Flos Herbal-acupuncture(>300mg/ml) could lead cancer cell to cell death. 2. Lonicerae Flos Herbal - acupuncture (40mg/ml) caused DNA cleavage. 3. Lonicerae Flos Herbal-acupuncture(400mg/ml) caused apoptosis in the cancer cell line. 4. In mouse survival time, all of experimental groups didn't show any significant compared to the control group. 5. In pulmonary colonization assay, Lonicerae Flos Herbal-acupuncture group was less than Control A group at 7 days after induction of cancer. 6. In comparison Control A group, there was significant decrease of Interleukin-2 level in Lonicerae Flos Herbal-acupuncture group. 7. In comparison Control group, there was decrease of Interleukin-4 level in the Acupuncture group. 8. In comparison Control group, there was decrease of Interleukin-10 level in the Acupuncture group. 9. In comparison Control group, there was significant increase of Interleukin-12 level in Acupuncture group and Lonicerae Flos Herbal-acupuncture group. 10. In comparison Control group, there was significant increase of $Interferon-{\gamma}$ level in Acupuncture group. Conclusion : According to above mentioned results, Lonicerae Flos Herbal- acupuncture is expected to be effective for anticancer and improvement in immune response.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.26-34
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• 1992

The effect of induction temperature on fermentation parameters has been investigated extensively using Escherichia coli M5248[pNKM21], a producer of recombinant human interleukin-2 (rhIL-2). In this recombinant microorganism, the gene expression of rhIL-2 is regulated by the cI857 repressor and $P_L$ promoter system. The recombinant fermentation parameters studied in this work include the cell growth, protein synthesis, cell viability, plasmid stability, $\beta$-lactamase activity, and rhIL-2 productivity. Interrelationships of such fermentation parameters have been analyzed through a quantitative assessment of the experimental data set obtained at eight different culture conditions. While the expression of rhIL-2 gene was repressed at culture temperatures below $34^\circ{C}$ with little effect on other fermentation parameters, under the conditions of rhIL-2 production $>(36~44^\circ{C})$ the cell growth, plasmid stability, and $\beta$-lactamase activity were, as induction temperature was increased, more profoundly reduced. Although the rhIL-2 content in the insoluble protein fraction was maximum at $40^\circ{C}$, total rhIL-2 production in the culture volume was found to be highest at the induction temperature of $36^\circ{C}$. This was in contrast to the previously known optimum induction temperature of the P$_{L}$ promoter system $>(40~42^\circ{C})$.Explanations for such a discrepancy have been proposed based on a product formation kinetics, and their implications have been discussed in detail.l.

• THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN ORIENTAL ONCOLOGY
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.47-65
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• 2000

In order to investigate antitumor and immune response effect by Hyangsapyungwisan after Sarcoma-180 cells and methotrexate were treatred each other, the extract of Hyangsapyungwisan was orally administered to ICR mice for 14 days. To evaluate the effects of the Hyangsapyungwisan, 50% inhibition concentration($IC_{50}$), mean survival days, tumor weight for antitumor effects, hemagglutinin titer, hemolysin titer, rosette forming cells, natural killer cell activity and productivity of interleukin-2 for immune responses measured in ICR mice. The results were summarized as follows: 1. Mean survival time in Hyangsapyungwisan-treated group was slightly prolonged, as compared with control group(13.46%). 2. On the MTT assay, cell viability was significantly inhibited by $5{\mu}g/well,\;2.5{\mu}g/well,\;1.25{\mu}g/well,\;and\;0.625{\mu}g/well$ of Hyangsapyung-wisan concentration inhibited cell viability significantly. $IC_{50}$ for cell viability was $11.59{\mu}g/well$. 3. Tumor weight in Hyangsapyungwisan treated group was depressed, as compared with the control group(p<0.05). 4. Hemagglutinin titer in Hyangsapyungwisan-treated group was slightly increased with no significance, as compared with the control group. 5. Hemolysin titer in Hyangsapyungwisan-treated group was silightly increased, as compared with the control group(p<0.05). 6. Rosette forming cells in Hyangsapyungwisan-treated group was silightly increased, as compared with the control group(p<0.05). 7. Naural killer cell activity in Hyangsapyungwisan-treated group was significantly increased(p<0.05). 8. Production of interleukin-2 was significantly increased(p<0.05). According to the above results, Hyangsapygwisan had prominent antitumor effects, and enhance both cellular and humoral immunity in mice.

• THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN ORIENTAL ONCOLOGY
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.29-45
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• 2000

In order to investigate the antitumor effect by Dangguihwalhyultang after B-l6 cells were transplanted in C57BL/6 mice, and the immune responses in mice induced by methotrexate, the extract of Dangguihwalhyultang was orally administered to the ICR mice. Experimental studies were performed for measurance of metastasis, cell cytotoxicity in vitro, life extention, weight of cancer, natural killer cell activity. productivity of interleukin-2. The results were summarized as follows: 1. Mean survival time in Dangguihwalhyultang-treated group was prolonged, as compared with control group(14.63%) significantly(P<0.05). 2. Inhibition of metastasis in Dangguihwalhyultang-treated group was higher than control group with significance on 14th day(P<0.05). 3. On the weight of solid tumor. Dangguihwalhyultang-treated group was less than control group with significance(P<0.05). 4. On the MTT assay. Dangguihwalhyultang concentration inhibited cell viability was $368.8{\mu}g/well$. 5. Natural killer cell activity in Dangguihwalhyultang-treated group was significantly increased on 100:1, 50:1 E/T(effect cell/target cell) ratio(P<0.05). 6. Production of interleukin-2 in Dangguihwalhyultang-treated group was significantly increased(P<0.05).

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.7-27
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• 2003

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate acute and subacute toxicity and sarcoma-180 anti-cancer effects of herbal acupuncture with cultivated wild ginseng (distilled) in mice and rats. Method : Balb/c mice were injected intravenous with cultivated wild ginseng herbal acupuncture for $LD_{50}$ and acute toxicity test. Sprague-Dawley rats were injected intravenous with cultivated wild ginseng herbal acupuncture for subacute toxicity test. The cultivated wild ginseng herbal-acupuncture was injected at the tail vein of mice. Results : 1. In acute $LD_{50}$ toxicity test, there was no mortality thus unable to attain the value. 2. Examining the toxic response in the acute toxicity test, there was no sign of toxication. 3. In acute toxic test, running biochemical serum test couldn't yield any differences between the control and experiment groups. 4. In subacute toxicity test, there was no sign of toxication in the experimental groups and didn't show any changes in weight compared to the normal group. 5. In subacute toxicity test, biochemical serum test showed significant increase of Total albumin, Albumin, and Glucose in the experimental group I compared with the control group. Significant decrease of GOT, ALP, GPT, and Triglyceride were shown. In experiment group II, only Glucose showed significant increase compared with the control group. 6. Measuring survival rate for anti-cancer effects of Sarcoma-180 cancer cell line, all the experimental groups showed significant increase in survival rate. 7. Measuring NK cell activity rate, no significant difference was shown throughout the groups. 8. Measuring Interleukin-2 productivity rate, all the experimental groups didn't show significant difference. 9. For manifestation of cytokine mRNA, significant decrease of interleukin-10 was witnessed in the experimental group compared to the control group. Conclusion : According to the results, we can conclude cultivated wild ginseng herbal acupuncture caused negligible toxicity, and had anti-tumor effects in mice.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.120-136
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• 2002

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate Acute and Subacute Toxicity, and Anti-cancer Effect of H Herbal-acupuncture on mice and rats. Methods : Balb/c mice were injected intraperitoneally with H Herbal-acupuncture for $LD_{50}$ and acute toxicity test. Sprague-Dawley rats were experimented in the same way for subacute toxicity test. H Herbal-acupuncture was injected into abdomen of mice having S-180 cancer cell line. Result : 1. During the test, $LD_{50}$ could not be counted since there was no expired subjects. 2. In an acute toxicity test, the loss of motility and reflex action was observed, but weight increased in the treatment group, compared with those in the normal group (P<0.05). 3. In an acute toxicity test of serum biochemical values of mice, glucose increased in the treatment group II while total cholesterol was increased in the all treatment groups (P<0.05). 4. In a subacute toxicity test, a little loss of motility and reflex action was observed in the treatment group. Weight of mice in the treatment group decreased on the 28th day. 5. In a subacute toxicity test, liver weight was decreased but lung weight of mice increased in the all treatment groups (P<0.05). 6. As a result of measuring Complete Blood Count test (CBC) of rat, HCT was decreased in treatments even though it was not significant, compared with the normal group (P<0.05). 7. In a serum biochemical value test of subacute toxicity, total protein and albumin decreased in the all treatment groups. Creatinine, glucose, GOT increased in the treatment group I compared with the control group. Alkaline phos-phatase decreased in treatment II group, compared with the control group (P<0.05). 8. Median survival time that was measured in the rats treated with sarcoma-180 cancer cell Median decreased in the treatment group, compared with the control group (P<0.05). 9. Natural killer cell activity showed significant reduction at 100:1 and 10:1 E/T ratio while it increased at 50:1 E/T ratio. It is inferred that there was an error in the experiment (P<0.05). 10. In an interleukin-2 productivity test, even though it decreased in lung cancer, and increased in abdomen cancer, but it was only a small difference (P<0.005). 11. After injecting B16F10 cell into a capillary vessel of C57BL/6 mice and generating metastasized lung cancer, the lung was examined with the naked eye. It was not possible to see metastasized cancer in the all groups on the seventh day but the cancer was viewed on the fourteenth day. The number and volume of metastasized cancer in the treatment group enlarged in the treatment group, compared with the control group. Conclusion : According to the results, H herbal-acupuncture took no effects in cancer.