• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.4021-4030
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• 2015

Pulse wave is the physiological responses through the autonomic nervous system such as ECG. It is relatively convenient because it can measure the signal just by applying a sensor on a finger. So, it can be usefully employed in the field of U-Healthcare. The objects of this study are acquiring the PPG (Photoplethysmography) one of the way of measuring the pulse waves in non-invasive way using the CMOS image sensor on a smartphone camera, developing the portable system judging stressful or not, and confirming the applicability in the field of u-Healthcare. PPG was acquired by using image data from smartphone camera without separate sensors and analyzed. Also, with that image signal data, HRV (Heart Rate Variability) and stress index were offered users by just using smartphone without separate host equipment. In addition, the reliability and accuracy of acquired data were improved by developing additional hardware device. From these experiments, we can confirm that measuring heart rate through the PPG, and the stress index for analysis the stress degree using the image of a smartphone camera are possible. In this study, we used a smartphone camera, not commercialized product or standardized sensor, so it has low resolution than those of using commercialized external sensor. However, despite this disadvantage, it can be usefully employed as the u-Healthcare device because it can obtain the promising data by developing additional external device for improvement reliability of result and optimization algorithm.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.13-26
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• 2019

The rural areas in South Korea have changed rapidly in the process of national land development. Rural landscapes have become discoloured, and their attractiveness has decreased as cities have expanded. But the attractiveness or multifunctional values of rural areas has become more important in contemporary society around the world. According to this social demand, the efforts of conserving the rural landscape are of high priority and the recovery of ruralism in the area is required. This study has tried to understand how the public image of ruralism in South Korea has been influenced by the news media. The study retrieved news articles using the web searching portal site from the six keywords, commonly used to refer to ruralism, including 'rural landscape', 'rural community', 'rural tourism', 'rural life', 'rural amenity', and 'rural environment'. News data from the six keywords were also collected respectively from within the year-period of 2004-05, 2007-08, 2012-13, and 2016-17. In the text mining analysis, the nouns with high Degree Centrality were figured out, and the changes by year-period were identified. Then, LDA topic analysis was performed for text datasets of six keywords. As a result, the study found that the news articles gave an informed focus on only a handful of issues such as 'poor rural living condition', 'regional or village improvement projects', 'rural tourism promotion projects', and 'other government support projects'. On the other hand, nouns related to virtues and values in the rural landscape were less shown in news articles. These results have become more apparent in recent years. In the topic analysis, 35 topics were identified. 'village development projects', 'rural tourism', and 'urban-rural exchange projects' were appeared repeatedly in several keywords. Among the topics, there are also topics closely related to ruralism such as 'rural landscape conservation', 'eco-friendly rural areas', 'local amenity resources', 'public interest values of agriculture', and 'rural life and communities'. The study presented an image map showing ruralism in South Korea using a network map between all topics and keywords. At the end of the study, implications for Korean rural area policy and research directions were discussed.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.143-152
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to predict the failure or success of the Snatch-lifting trial as a consequence of the stand-up phase simulated in Kane's equation of motion that was effective for the dynamic analysis of multi-segment. This experiment was a case study in which one male athlete (age: 23yrs, height: 154.4cm, weight: 64.5kg) from K University was selected The system of a simulation included a multi-segment system that had one degree of freedom and one generalized coordinate for the shank segment angle. The reference frame was fixed by the Nonlinear Trans formation (NLT) method in order to set up a fixed Cartesian coordinate system in space. A weightlifter lifted a 90kg-barbell that was 75% of subject's maximum lifting capability (120kg). For this study, six cameras (Qualisys Proreflex MCU240s) and two force-plates (Kistler 9286AAs) were used for collecting data. The motion tracks of 11 land markers were attached on the major joints of the body and barbell. The sampling rates of cameras and force-plates were set up 100Hz and 1000Hz, respectively. Data were processed via the Qualisys Track manager (QTM) software. Landmark positions and force-plate amplitudes were simultaneously integrated by Qualisys system The coordinate data were filtered using a fourth-order Butterworth low pass filtering with an estimated optimum cut-off frequency of 9Hz calculated with Andrew & Yu's formula. The input data of the model were derived from experimental data processed in Matlab6.5 and the solution of a model made in Kane's method was solved in Matematica5.0. The conclusions were as follows; 1. The torque motor of the shank with 246Nm from this experiment could lift a maximum barbell weight (158.98kg) which was about 246 times as much as subject's body weight (64.5kg). 2. The torque motor with 166.5 Nm, simulated by angular displacement of the shank matched to the experimental result, could lift a maximum barbell weight (90kg) which was about 1.4 times as much as subject's body weight (64.5kg). 3. Comparing subject's maximum barbell weight (120kg) with a modeling maximum barbell weight (155.51kg) and with an experimental maximum barbell weight (90kg), the differences between these were about +35.7kg and -30kg. These results strongly suggest that if the maximum barbell weight is decided, coaches will be able to provide further knowledge and information to weightlifters for the performance improvement and then prevent injuries from training of weightlifters. It hopes to apply Kane's method to other sports skill as well as weightlifting to simulate its motion in the future study.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.423-430
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• 2018

Insomuch as it is important to manage water quality, from the perspective of water management, it is essential to understand the effect of the weirs on water quality and phytoplankton dynamics in various regions. The purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristics of nitro-nutrients, as well as occurrences and succession patterns of phytoplankton, in the river sections of the two weirs in the Yeongsan River for the five years (from 2012 to 2016) after the weir construction. In respect to this data, the average water temperature measured at the representative point in the section of the Seungchon Weir ($17.1^{\circ}C$) was higher than that of the Juksan Weir ($16.6^{\circ}C$) by comparison. By way of an analysis of this data, it was found that the water quality variables such as, organic matter, nitrogen nutrients and phosphorus nutrients were improved gradually during the period, but the degree of the improvement differs as noted and measured between the weirs. Under the circumstances, it is especially noted that the $NH_3-N$ concentration was higher for the point of the Seungchon Weir (2.204 mg/L) than that of the Juksan Weir (1.157 mg/L). This indicates that effluent as seen from sewage treatment plants and hydrological feature near the densely population area, could be the main cause for the incidence of water pollution in the upstream section of the Seungchon Weir. Additionally, the phytoplankton analysis showed that a relative abundance of diatoms and green algae were 56.9 % and 25.8 % respectively. However, it is noted that the cyanobacteria was measured lower as 10.7 %. Also, in the study sites cell density and occurrence frequency of cyanobacteria were relatively lower than compared to the same measurements noted in other rivers.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.132-138
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• 1998

To improve functional properties and enhance application of FPC in food industry, modified salmon FPC with enzyme treatment was produced and its general properties were investigated. Salmon FPC has over $84\%$ of protein and less than $0.18\%$ of lipid. Solubilities of FPC extracted with IPA and ethanol were very poor as less than $3\%$ in every pH range. In case of enzyme : substrate ratio of 1 : 100, degree of hydrolysis significantly increased until 4 hours and then slightly increased. No considerable differences were observed in general components of hydrolysates. Results of SDS-PAGE showed one unique band in each case and their molecular weight was less than 6,500. The flow properties of hydrolysates showed newtonian flow. Whiteness of hydrolysates were higher than that of salmon FPC as $5\~7$. There was no significant differences in the amount of peptide, but that of free amino acid slightly increased from 0.17 to 0.21 mg/ml.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.35
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• pp.315-338
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to propose actual operation condition of Japanese lecture based on social welfare organizations located in Seoul to investigate the current status and problems of Japanese language education in terms of lifelong education. According to the result of this study, the remarkable point was that a majority of Japanese lecture courses are highly focused on the elderly and 86% of the welfare organizations are providing free education. Regarding the effect of specialized business for the aged run by social welfare community center, it says, as Korea changing to aging society at the beginning of 21st century, it has put focus on strengthening personal competences of seniors through opportunities for participation in lifelong education, recreational activity programs and culture classes. It means foreign language classes are operating as one of the lifelong education programs for reinforcement of individual capability. Considering this tendency, it is expected that the lifelong education participation rate of the elder in Seoul will be raised. So, systematic improvements will be needed for this. First, it is required to recognize the existence of Educational and Cultural Industry and work hard to make it public so it could be invigorated and utilized by people usefully at the same time. Second, Japanese language training that mostly 55-year-old or more than 60-year-old people receive at the welfare center needs to be systematized for preparations on proper studying environment which provides the older with appropriate education method and content as well. Third, stable and systematic operation should be available through the link with experts in the field of Japanese language education and elderly education. Fourth, education program development is needed, which is able to satisfy one's desires for learning. Hence, targeting Japanese learners at each welfare center, we need to know the estimation of satisfaction degree and consciousness on learning Japanese. Finally, it has not been studied sufficiently regarding the instructors on teaching Japanese language in this paper, but it has been reported that most of social welfare centers, where Japanese language lectures are provided, are run by volunteers who can teach Japanese. Thus, the study on actual condition for Japanese language instructors will be conducted as well later on.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.459-467
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• 2019

The landing gear is a component that requires a high degree of safety to protect the lives of rotary-wing aircraft and boarding personnel, absorbing the impact on transfer/landing and supporting the fuselage during taxiing and mooring on the ground. In particular, the wheel landing gear supporting the aircraft fuselage absorbs most of the shock from the ground through the shock absorber and tires. This ensures the safety of the pilot on board the aircraft and satisfies the operational capability of the soldiers between missions. During the operation of a rotary-wing aircraft, a number of piston pins, which are a component of the right main wheel landing gear, were found to be broken. Therefore, this study examined the root cause of the piston pin crack phenomenon found in the main wheel landing gear. For this purpose, various causes were identified from fracture surface analysis of a flight test. In particular, the possibility of cracking was analyzed based on the influence on the fastening torque with the drag beam component applied to the piston pin at the time of development. This ensures the fatigue life and structural integrity.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.990-998
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• 2019

Introduction: Stroke refers to a sudden brain disease that results in disorders in the anatomy of the brain. The cause is a sudden circulatory disorder of the cerebrovascular system that creates a consciousness disorder and hemiplegia. Despite aggressive treatment after the onset, stroke is a social problem because the patient has difficulty in recovering from sequelae that can include limb movement disorders, language disorders, and emotional disorders. In this study, we describe the effect of traditional Korean medicine treatment on the sequelae in a subacute cerebral infarction patient admitted to a Korean medical hospital. Case presentation: A 67-year-old male patient was diagnosed with cerebral infarction circa 2005, and his condition had not improved. Around March 15, 2018, he experienced the sudden onset of a cerebral infarction in his daily life. This was confirmed by a brain MRI, and he was hospitalized at other hospitals, but he showed no improvement. We conducted a manual muscle test (MMT) to evaluate the patient's exercise and strength. His gait level was measured to evaluate his degree of walking. He was treated with Bojungikgi-tang and acupuncture twice a day. After 34 days of inpatient treatment, the patient's exercise strength improved from Grade 2+~Grade 3 to Grade 3+ determined by the MMT, and his walking ability improved from Gait Level 3 to Gait Level 4. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that acupuncture and herbal medicine treatment can help treat patients with hemiplegia due to cerebral infarction.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.9 no.10
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• pp.234-243
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• 2019

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of whole body vibration stimulation training combined with respiratory resistance on respiratory and balance function in stroke patients. 17 patients with chronic stroke were randomly assigned to the experimental group (n = 8) and the general vibration exercise program (n = 9). The intervention was conducted three times a week for 30 minutes once a week for 4 weeks. The respiratory function and balance ability were evaluated before and after the intervention to evaluate the degree of functional improvement. As a result, there was a significant difference (p<.05) between the respiratory function and the balance ability in the experimental group, and a significant difference(p<.05) in the respiratory function between the experimental group and the control group. The balance ability was not significantly different among the experimental groups. Through the results of this study, whole body vibration stimulation training combined with respiratory resistance may be useful as a program for improving respiratory function and balance ability of stroke patients.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.373-381
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• 2021

Objectives: In the present study, the effects of sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO) combined with intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy (IVRO) for the treatment of asymmetric mandible in class III malocclusion patients were assessed and the postoperative stability of the mandibular condyle and the symptoms of temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) evaluated. Materials and Methods: A total of 82 patients who underwent orthognathic surgery for the treatment of facial asymmetry or mandibular asymmetry at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dong-A University Hospital, from 2016 to 2021 were selected. The patients that underwent SSRO with IVRO were assigned to Group I (n=8) and patients that received bilateral SSRO (BSSRO) to Group II (n=10, simple random sampling). Preoperative and postoperative three-dimensional computed tomography (CT) axial images obtained for each group were superimposed. The condylar position changes and degree of rotation on the superimposed images were measured, and the changes in condyle based on the amount of chin movement for each surgical method were statistically analyzed. Results: Group I showed a greater amount of postoperative chin movement. For the amount of mediolateral condylar displacement on the deviated side, Groups I and II showed an average lateral displacement of 0.07 mm and 1.62 mm, respectively, and statistically significantly correlated with the amount of chin movement (P=0.004). Most of the TMD symptoms in Group I patients who underwent SSRO with IVRO showed improvement. Conclusion: When a large amount of mandibular rotation is required to match the menton to the midline of the face, IVRO on the deviated side is considered a technique to prevent condylar torque. In the present study, worsening of TMD symptoms did not occur after orthognathic surgery in any of the 18 patients.