• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.545-552
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• 2001

Effect of ultrasonic agitation on Pd catalyst treatment was studied in metallization of ceramic boards by Cu electroless plating method.96% $Al_{2}$$O_{3}$ ceramic boards were used as substrate. In this study, the ultrasonic frequency of 28kHz was applied. In Pd catalyst, high density Pd nuclei of small size were formed during ultrasonic agitation. Density of Pd was more improved when using of ultrasonic then no stirring. In electroless plating, plating rate was in the range of 0.6~1.8$\mu\textrm{m}$/hr, which value increased with Rochelle Salts addition. Adhesion strength between ceramic boards and Cu layer was improved of 20% when using ultrasonic agitation at $30^{\circ}C$ ,5min.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.244-249
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• 2004

Pd catalyst have been used in hydrogenation, oxidation, and low temperature combustion reaction. Recently, it has been candidated as a possible reagents in the partial oxidation of methanol reformers of the fuel cell. Pd catalysts, even though it is very precious and expensive, catalytic functioning is good, but it still need to be improved in the matter of durability and low catalytic activity after calcination. In this study, we synthesize the improved Pd catalyst and study their chemical functioning.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.356-361
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• 2018

고온에서 이용 가능한 수소 센서에 관해 연구하였다. 센서는 $Pd/Ta_2O_5/SiC$으로 구성된 MOS 구조로 제작되었으며, $Ta_2O_5$ 박막은 급속 열 산화법(RTO)법으로 형성하였다. 본 연구에서는 3가지 다른 패턴의 팔라듐(Pd) 전극으로 만든 센서를 제작하여, Pd 전극의 형태가 응답 특성에 미치는 영향을 고찰하였다. 그 결과, 센서는 Pd 전극의 채워진 면적이 클수록, 정전용량의 응답특성이 개선됨을 확인하였다.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2008

The surface microstructural changes, mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of Ti-Pd alloys for dental biomaterials have been investigated. Ti, Ti-Pd alloys were melted in arc furnace and the corrosion resistance of Ti-Pd alloys was evaluated by anodic polarization test. The surface microstructural changes and mechanical properties of Ti-Pd alloys were analysed by scanning electron microscope and Vickers micro-hardness tester. The vickers hardnees of pure Ti improved by addition of Pd but Ti-25Pd alloy showed decreasing compared with Ti-15Pd. And anodic polarization and potentiostatic test were conducted in 5% HCl to quantify the resistance to corrosion with the addition of Pd, There was no significant difference in corrosion resistance between pure Ti, Ti-5Pd and Ti-15Pd alloy. However, Ti-25Pd alloy showed decreasing compared with pure Ti in corrosion resistance. From these results, it was concluded that newly formulated Ti-15Pd experimental alloy have adequate hardness and high corrosion resistance, and this alloy is promising candidate for a successful dental casting alloy.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.378-385
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• 1995

분자션 에피텍시얼(MBE)법, 액상 에피텍시열(LPE)법과 마이크로 인상($\mu$ - PD)법 에 의한 단결정 성장에 있어서의 새로운 접근을 논의하였다. 재료로써는 Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu계, $K_3Li_2Nb_5O_{15}$계의 산화물을 사용하였으며, 비평형영역으로 부터의 고품질(균일 조성 및 저결함 밀도) 결정성장은 원자수준의 계면제어에 의해 가능함을 고찰할 수 있였다.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.52-56
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• 2004

팔라듐 촉매는 주로 수소화 반응, 산화반응, 저온 연소반응 등에 사용된다. 특히 최근에 연료전지에 많이 시도되고 있는 알코올 등의 개질을 통한 수소가스의 발생을 할 경우에도 이 팔라듐 촉매의 가능성에 상당한 관심이 증폭되어 왔다. 귀금속 촉매인 팔라듐 촉매가 성능이 우수하지만 고가이고 내구성과 소성후의 성능저하 등이 해결해야 할 과제로 남아 있다. 본 연구에서는 내구성과 소성 후에도 성능의 저하가 없는 팔라듐 촉매를 합성하고 반응성을 연구하였다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.432-439
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• 2012

본 논문에서 이륜 역진자 로봇의 밸런싱에 사용되고 있는 기존 PD 제어기를 대신하여 신경회로망 학습을 통해 향상된 PD 제어기를 이륜 역진자형 이동로봇에 적용하여 실험하고 성능을 검증하였다. 먼저 제어실험에 사용할 이륜 역진자 로봇시스템을 구축하고 나서 기존의 PD 제어기를 사용하여 사용자 몸무게에 따라 시행착오적으로 이득값을 구해 로봇을 밸런싱시켰다. 그리고 시행착오적으로 구한 이득 값을 신경회로망 학습을 통해 일반화시켜 몸무게에 따라 일반화된 PD 이득 값을 가지는 제어기를 구현하였다. 이렇게 구현된 제어기가 기존의 PD 제어기보다 안정적 제어 측면에서 더 유리함을 실험적으로 확인할 수 있었다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2005년도 심포지엄 논문집 정보 및 제어부문
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• pp.109-112
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• 2005

This paper presents an optimal and robust PI-PD controller design method for the second-order systems both with dead time and without dead time to satisfy the design specifications in the time domain via LQR design technique. The optimal tuning method of PI-PD controller are also developed by setpoint weighting and neural networks. It is shown that the simulation results show significantly improved performance by proposed method.

• BMB Reports
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.326-331
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• 1997

To construct a competitive ELISA standard curve for the detection of glucose-6-phosphate debydrogenase (G6PD), we used highly purified native G6PD (nG6PD) as both immobilized and soluble antigens and anti-G6PD serum raised against nG6PD as antibody. The polystyrene cuvettes coated with nG6PD were challenged with a mixture of a limiting amount of anti-G6PD serum and various doses of nG6PD as competitors followed by incubation with alkaline phosphatase-anti-IgG conjugate. The competitive ELISA did not exhibit the typical sigmoidal dose-response curve characteristic of competition immunoassays under the optimal concentrations of antigen and antibody. The soluble nG6PD used as competitor failed to effectively inhibit the binding of antibodies to the immobilized nG6PD. The addition of NADP, a cofactor of G6PD enzyme, to coating buffer used for immobilizing nG6PD to the cuvettes and PBS-Tween-BSA buffer for diluting competitors did not improve the inhibition of antibody binding to immobilized nG6PD by soluble n/G6PD. The addition of BSA to coating buffer did not increase inhibition, either. Surprisingly, when partially active G6PD (paG6PD), obtained by repeated freeze-thawing, was used as competitor, the antibody binding to either immobilized nG6PD or immobilized paG6PD was inhibited 49-58%. We conclude that an effective competitive ELISA system with nG6PD enzyme and anti-G6PD serum for the detection of G6PD may not be established due to the poor inhibition of antibody binding to immobilized nG6PD by soluble nG6PD under the present assay conditions and that the inhibition may be improved by using an inactivated enzyme as competitor regardless of the type of immobilized antigen used. These results imply that the immobilized nG6PD may undergo denaturation upon binding to the polystyrene cuvettes and that our anti-G6PD serum may recognize denatured enzyme better than active enzyme.

• 한국공작기계학회논문집
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.78-84
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• 2001

The translation system is made up of springs, masses and a dashpot. This precise piece of equipment is controlled electro-mechanically by a motor and operating program. The control strategy of the system can be changed by spring stiffness, change of mass, and the damping coefficient of the dashpot. This system proves the necessity and effect of a closed loop control. In this paper, PD control experiments were implemented for the translation system. When the north falter was added on the PD controller, we compared the response characteristics of the two systems. The state feedback controller minimized scalar control gains and the resulting response characteristics of the system were studied using the LQR design. Finally, we improved the response characteristics of the translation system which are rising time, settling time, steady state error, and overshoot LQR was better as compared with PD control.