• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.305-310
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• 2002

The performance of 7 sugary (su) and 12 shrunken-2 (sh2) sweet com hybrids which are commercially grown in the United States was tested in Korea. The 100-seed weight of su hybrids (16.5-23.6 g) was much heavier compared to that of sh2 hybrids (10.9-17.5 g). The germination rate of su and sh2 hybrids at $25^{\circ}C$ ranged 93.3-100% and 86.7-98.9%, the emergence rate of su and sh2 hybrids in cold test ranged 78.9-97.8% and 62.2-97.8%, and field emergence rate of su and sh2 hybrids ranged 74.4-100.0% and 79.9-98.2%, respectively. In su hybrids, there was a significantly positive correlation between germination rate at $25^{\circ}C$ and emergence rate in cold test or early growth. In contrast, in sh2 hybrids seed weight was positively correlated with early plant growth, while not with the germination rate at $25^{\circ}C$ or emergence rate in cold test and field. Most sh2 hybrids produced larger and more marketable ears compared to su hybrids although there were significant differences among the hybrids in the same genotype. At harvest (24 days after pollination) soluble solids content of su hybrids (24.3-27.1 Brix %) was much higher than that of sh2 hybrids (13.8-18.0 Brix %), while total sugars of sh2 hybrids (21.4-28.6% on the dry weight basis) was much higher compared to su hybrids (2.4-15.9%). Considering germination and emergence rates, marketable ear production, and total sugar content, 'GCB 70' and 'Sweet Satin' in su hybrids and 'Ice Queen', 'Aspen', 'Sweet Magic', 'Bandit', 'Xtrasweet 82', 'Aspen', and 'Cambella 90' in sh2 hybrids performed better than other hybrids.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.417-428
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• 2007

Most oriental medicinal plants in domestic markets have been imported, but these medicines are being easily exposed to many insect pests because of the poorness of storage facilities. This study was carried out to identify stored products insect pests occurring in 158 storage medicinal plants belonging to 134 genera of 67 families. No insect pests were not observed in 44 medicinal plants including Artemisia argyi Levl. et Vant., Cassia sieboldii Presl., and Juniperus chinensis L. Most commonly observed stored products insect pests in the surveyed medicinal plants were the order of as follows; Ahasverus advena(Waltl) 12.3%, Lasioderma serricorne F. 11.5%, Oryzaephilus surinamensis L. 10.3%, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) 9.4%, Stegobium paniceum L. 8.4%, and Plodia interpunctella(Hbner) 7.9%. And these insects also are likely to prefer more root or rhizome part than the other ones. Based on these basic survey results, natural products researchers can obtain an important information in finding an insecticidal or fumigant compounds contained in the medicinal plants which any insect pests do not attack.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.673-677
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• 1997

It has been reported that E. senticosus is effective for strengthening the liver, reduction of blood sugar levels, antistress and rainforcement of stamina. However, most of the extraction from this medicinal plant is imported from foreign countries. Therefore, farmers have tried to grow it in this country even though it is difficult to propagate by seeding method. This study was carried out to improve seeding propagation using seeds in National Honam Agricultural Experinment Station from '92 to '93. The seeds of E. senticosus were immature embryo at the time of gathering seeds in autumn, and needed wet stratification treatment for after-ripening. Embryo elongated slowly for a few days after stratification treatment, and cotyledon started to develop from 40 days after treatment. There were significantly positive correlation between after-ripening period and the ratio of embryo length. Dehiscence was the highest in the ratio of embryo length of 60∼70％, and percentage of dehiscent seed after treatment for 150 days was 76.5％.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.160-167
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• 2011

Shallot is a foreign crop introduced from France in 1995 as a new overwintering field crop with an aim to develop as an export crop. During the introductory cultivation trials, several problems were raised such as premature growth depression in early summer, sensitivity to summer moisture, and weakened vigor of the seed bulbs following successive propagations. This study was conducted to develop proper cultural methods based on annual productivity and adaptability of growing area to address and suggest solutions to some of these problems. Bulb weight was 18.7 g and bulb yield per 10a was 4,113 kg in 1995. In 1996, bulb weight increased to 25.8 g, while bulbs yield per 10a deceased to 2,013 kg. This trend continued in 1997 so that bulb weight increased, and yield per 10a decreased as compared to those in 1996. However, in 1998, both bulb weight (21.1 kg) and yield per 10a (1,246 kg) decreased significantly as compared to those of the previous years. Plant growth from planting to April in the coastal area was better than in other areas. However, the plant growth thereafter until early July was better in the semi-highland area. As a result, the bulb yield in the semi-highland area was 57% more than that in the lowland areas such as the coastal area.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.165-173
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• 2017

To evaluate performance of the experimental pick-up type pulse crop harvester for harvesting sprout bean, its pick-up and discharging grain loss ratios, grain quality such as whole grain ratio, damaged grain ratio, unthreshed grain, and foreign material ratio in grain tank, germination rate of threshed grain, and theoretical field capacity of the harvester were analyzed according to engine speeds of 2000, 2400 and 2800 rpm and harvesting speeds of 0.6, 1.0 and 1.4 m/s. It is considered that the harvester showed optimum performance at the engine speed of 2800 rpm and the harvesting speed of 1.0 m/s, and then average pick-up grain loss ratio of 2.7%, discharging grain loss ratio of 0.5%, whole grain ratio of 99.3%, damaged grain ratio of 0.2%, unthreshed grain ratio of 0.0%, foreign material ratio of 0.2%, and germination rate at 8 days after seeding of 72.8% were shown. It is considered that the harvester has lower grain loss and higher grain quality than the imported bean combines. And also as it could harvest 3 rows of cut and dried sprout bean crop width of which was about 2 m, its effective field capacity was estimated for about 50 a/h.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.321-321
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• 2022

Wheat was brought to solve food scarcity with aid from the United States caused by the Korean War. The Korean government launched a campaign to encourage mixed rice and wheat meals due to shortage of rice production in the 1960s, Wheat consumption began in earnest. However, it is difficult to rebuild the domestic wheat production base devastated by the Korean War with the technology at the time. Thus, wheat was mainly consumed from imported in the past. Since then, as wheat consumption has increased due to westernization and diversification of dietary life, wheat became the second staple grain in Korea. In this situation, the government enacted the Wheat Industry Promotion Act to create a basis for sustainable production and consumption of wheat in Korea. This study sought to improve the self-sufficiency of domestic wheat by examining the possibility of using "Ariheuk", a variety of new Korean wheat, as a rice supplement in the same context as the govemment's policy. Wheat has been used as a raw material for the processed food, such as noodles and bread. However, we approached it by using whole wheat as a nutritional grain. Participants were recruited from the agri-food consumer panel conducted by Rural Development Administration. We set a final sample of 525 consumer panels based on the age of census household heads. The experiment was conducted in such a way that participants cooked and ate 100% rice meal and rice containing 20% whole wheat meal. Participants completed the sensory evaluation questionnaire with online. For this experiment, all participants were given same whole wheat product. The sensory evaluation questionnaire consisted of color, glossiness, stickiness, aroma, chewing, sweetness, nuttiness, chewiness, softness, bursting, flavor, texture and swallowability. The sensory evaluation results were analyzed by giving -3 points to +3 points. The former points were given to the response that 100% rice meal is very superior to the response that rice containing 20% whole wheat meal. The latter points were given vice versa. Zero point was given to the response that they are similar each other. As a result, rice with 20% whole wheat meal was better than 100% rice meal in terms of color, aroma, chewiness, bursting and flavor. In case of sweetness and glossiness, there didn't exist significantly different. On the other hands, 100% rice meal was better in terms of softness and swallowability. As a result of ANOVA by age groups, from 30s or younger to 60s or more, there was significant difference among the groups in terms of color, chewiness and bursting. As a result of post-hoc analysis with Duncan's multiple range test (p < 0.05), 50s were evaluated to be significantly superior in color, chewiness and bursting compared to other age groups. In conclusion, it is appropriate to use whole wheat as a supplement to rice in order to improve the self-sufficiency of domestic wheat. As a strategy to promote domestic wheat consumption, in case of Ariheuk, it is necessary to provide an experience through whole wheat tasting and to establish a marketing strategy segmented by age groups.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.121-132
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• 2005

Objectives : Siegesbeckiae Herba's effect on the protection of nerve cells was tested, and the effects were compared between Siegesbeckia glabrescens Makino, the state of which is spica imported from China, and original Korean leaves of it. Methods : After damaging nerve cells by exposing them on NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartic acid) and KA(kainic acid), Siegesbeckiae Herba's effect on cell death, inhibition rate, glutamate separation, and ROS(reactive oxygen species) production were examined. Results : 1. Siegesbeckiae Herba inhibited the cell death exposed to NMDA. 2. Siegesbeckiae Herba inhibited the amount of glutamate separated from nerve cells exposed to NMDA. 3. Siegesbeckiae Herba inhibited the production of ROS induced by NMDA. 4. Siegesbeckiae Herba did not inhibit the cell death exposed to KA. 5. Chinese Siegesbeckiae Spica had no inhibition effect on cell death. Conclusions : Siegesbeckiae Herba was effective in inhibiting the death of nerve cells exposed to NMDA, and in protecting nerve cells from various damages in nerve cell diseases. Because Chinese Siegesbeckiae Spica did not show such effects, it is necessary to closely examine those effects according to the used parts.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.103-108
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• 2017

World wheat production is now under threat due to the wheat blast outbreak in Bangladesh in early March 2016. This is a new disease in this area, indicating the higher possibility of this pathogen spreading throughout the Asia, the world's largest wheat producing area. Occurrence of this disease caused ~3.5% reduction of the total wheat fields in Bangladesh. Its economic effect on the Bangladesh wheat market was little because wheat contributes to 3% of total cereal consumption, among which ~70% have been imported from other countries. However, as a long-term perspective, much greater losses will occur once this disease spreads to other major wheat producing areas of Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan due to the existing favorable condition for the blast pathogen. The wheat blast pathogen belongs to the Magnaporthe oryzae species complex causing blast disease on multiple hosts in the Poaceae family. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the Bangladesh outbreak strains and the Brazil outbreak strains were the same phylogenetic lineage, suggesting that they might be migrated from Brazil to Bangladesh during the seed import. To protect wheat production of Bangladesh and its neighbors, several measures including rigorous testing of seed health, use of chemicals, crop rotation, reinforcement of quarantine procedures, and increased field monitoring should be implemented. Development of blast resistant wheat varieties should be a long-term solution and combination of different methods with partial resistant lines may suppress this disease for some time.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.43-70
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• 1994

Presently the concept of organic farming has not simply technical categories such as no agricul-tural chemicals and no chemical fertilizer but can be also extended to the categories of economics, food nutrition, environmental and philosophical aspects. Accordingly, in order to understand cor-rectly organic farming, it is necessary to look into the concept including these extended aspects. So the production and consumption activities of organic farming products are largely based on the fundamental philosophy of organic farming. That is, all the life that is included in an ecosystem has to live in symbiosis, which is based on life circulation principle. And if this circultaion system is destroyed, human life may be threatended. Farmers who produce organic farming prducts(organic farmer) receive price higher than general farmers. This study shows the gap of 46.9% in two products. Also, since the price of organic farming products is fluctuated less relatively, Organic farming pruducts can be competed against imported agricultural products in terms of food safety. And organic farming should be managed by crop rotation and composite farm management upon which the principle of material circulation is worked. This composite management is devided into 2 classes, which are individually livestock-have-composite management and regional composite management. These management method means that organic materials are crucial to maintain the structure and fertility and these organic materials are easily obtained from animal as by-products.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.19-30
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• 2019

Objective of this study was to develop an organic fertilizer utilizing domestic livestock horn meal and to investigate the application effect of rice and eggplant. The possibility of utilization of livestock horn meal as an organic resource to replace imported expeller cake fertilizer was examined. In order to select domestic organic resources with high nitrogen content, 8 kinds of organic matter such as chicken manure, fish meal, soybean meal, sesame meal, perilla meal, blood meal, livestock horn meal, and beer sludge were analyzed and organic resources with high nitrogen content were selected. In addition, the conditions for the production of organic fertilizers that can be used in organic agriculture were established by mixing of the rice husk biochar and the rice bran as the supplements with the raw materials for mixing ratios. The content of total nitrogen (T-N) in the livestock horn meal was 12.0 %, which was the next low in 13.5 % blood meal. The content of total nitrogen was 5.9 ~ 7.9 % in fish meal and oil cakes. Total nitrogen content of non-antibiotic chicken manure for organic farming was 3 % and nitrogen content in beer sludge was 3.5 %. Organic fertilizer was produced by using biochar, rice bran as a main ingredient of non-antibiotic chicken manure, livestock horn meal and beer sludge. Compared to nitrogen content (4.0 to 4.2 %) of imported expeller cake fertilizer (ECF), the nitrogen content of organic fertilizer utilizing domestic livestock horn meal is as high as 7.5 %. The developed organic fertilizer is met as Zn 400 mg/kg, Cu 120 mg/kg the quality of organic agricultural materials such as or less. To investigate the effect of fertilizer application on the crops, prototypes of developed organic fertilizer were used for the experiment under selected conditions. As a result of application the developed organic livestock horn meal fertilizer (LHMF) for cultivation of the rice and eggplant, the application quantity of the developed organic LHMF 100 % was decreased by 40 % compared to that of the mixed expeller cake fertilizer (MECF). The application of LHMF, which refers to the application rate corresponding to the nitrogen fertilization recommended by the soil test, was reduced by 40% compared to the application rate of MECF, but the same results were obtained in crop growth and yield. The selection of a new high concentration nitrogen source utilizing domestic organic resources and the development of organic fertilizer is the starting point of the research for substitution of imported ECF using domestic local resources at the present time that the spread of eco-friendly agriculture is becoming increasingly important. If it is expanded in the future, it is expected to contribute to the stable production of eco-friendly agricultural products.