• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.279-290
• /
• 2022

This study was conducted to find out that winter green manure crops could be efficient replacements of expeller cake fertilizers, which were mostly imported, on environment-friendly red pepper production. Four treatments were compared under the condition of plastic film house: 1) barley (B); 2) hairy vetch (HV); 3) mixtures of barley and hairy vetch (B/HV); 4) expeller cake (EC). Total nitrogen content in hariy vetch was 3.6%, which was higher than 1.5~1.8% in barley and mixtures of barley and hairy vetch. P₂O₅ and K₂O contents were similar in all green manures. Supplying amount of nitrogen from B, HV and B/HV plot, which were 172 kg ha^-1, 193 kg ha^-1, and 198 kg ha^-1, were higher than amount of basal nitrogen required by soil testing but were lower than that of total nitrogen, respectively. Among the green manure crops, C/N ratio of HV was the lowest at 11.8, showing a similar value to that of expeller cake, but that of B was the highest at 30.6. Total yield was no significant difference in all treatment plots although B/HV plot showed the highest yield, but initial yield in B plot with high C/N ratio was lower than that in EC plot.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.53-60
• /
• 2022

YouTube realistically shows fake news and biased content based on facts that have not been verified due to low entry barriers and ambiguity in video regulation standards. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the influence of the media and YouTube on individual behavior and their relationship. Data from YouTube and Twitter are randomly imported with selenium, beautiful soup, and Twitter APIs to classify the 31 most frequently mentioned keywords. Based on 31 keywords classified, data were collected from YouTube, Twitter, and Naver News, and positive, negative, and neutral emotions were classified and quantified with NLTK's Natural Language Toolkit (NLTK) Vader model and used as analysis data. As a result of analyzing the correlation of data, it was confirmed that the higher the negative value of news, the more positive content on YouTube, and the positive index of YouTube content is proportional to the positive and negative values on Twitter. As a result of this study, YouTube is not consistent with the emotion index shown in the news due to its secondary processing and affected characteristics. In other words, processed YouTube content intuitively affects Twitter's positive and negative figures, which are channels of communication. The results of this study analyzed that YouTube plays a role in assisting individual discrimination in the current situation where accurate judgment of information has become difficult due to the emergence of yellow media that stimulates people's interests and instincts.

• Food Science and Industry
• /
• v.55 no.1
• /
• pp.23-32
• /
• 2022

Processed foods using food additives designated as the other countries but not yet in Korea can be mixed and distributed among imported foods in Korea. Accordingly, it is necessary to develop an analysis method of undesignated food additives in order to continuously monitor. This paper introduced a study on the development and validation of analytical methods conducted in academia. The development of analytical methods was conducted using the analytical methods presented in previous studies. We first exhibited that simultaneous analysis of 12 food dyes was easy to reproduce, but the second introduced analytical method of emulsifiers cannot be utilized analysis using expensive equipment not provided in general laboratories, and it is difficult to reproduce due to the old publications. Therefore related national institutions, research and industry-academia circles need to constantly conduct research on the development of analytical methods for undesignated food additives.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
• /
• v.35 no.6
• /
• pp.631-638
• /
• 2022

Microgrid, which enables the production and consumption of electricity to be done independently on a small scale, has been studied on one of the solutions of reinforcement for flexibility of electronic system. This study examined the application effect of new microgrid by applying hybrid battery in electric power storage device. We designed the system to highlight the advantage of each battery and complement the disadvantage by using hybrid system with Lithium-ion battery and interval Redox flow battery. It runs with lithium-ion battery during the initial startup while the Redox flow battery operates for a long time at the end of excessive period, and it enables a discharge of Lithium-ion and Redox flow battery at the same time when the load has a large output. We chose Maldives as a subject of this study for organizing and optimizing independent microgrid. Maldives is the country to accomplish 100% domestic electricity in South Asia, but the whole electric power is supplied through diesel generation imported fossil fuel. We organized and optimized microgrid for energy independence on Malahini island to solve Maldives energy cost problem and global energy environment matters. We analyzed the daily power supply and accumulated the power supply from September 18, 2018~February 11, 2019. The accumulated power supply was about 120.4 MWh and the daily power supply was about 800~1000 kWh. Based on the collected information, we divided the cases into three models which are only diesel generator, solar generator as well as diesel generator, and solar+ESS+diesel generator. We analyzed the amount of oil consumption compared to the cost of construction and power output. The result showed that solar+ESS+diesel generator was most economically feasible. As well, we obtained that our considering hybrid battery system reduced the fuel consumption for diesel power generation about 10~15%.

• Journal of Mushroom
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.78-85
• /
• 2022

The consumption of Flammulina velutipes mushroom imported from Korea has been associated with the cases of listeriosis in the United States, Canada, and Australia. We investigated the effect of sanitizing the plastic wrapper (used in packaging F. velutipes) with slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW) and ultraviolet C waterproof light-emitting diode (UVC-W-LED) on reducing the Listeria monocytogenes. Further, the effect of UVC-LED on L. monocytogenes growth in F. velutipes at different storage temperatures (2, 4, and 10℃) was determined. The combined (SAEW+UVC-W-LED) treatment for 5-10 min reduced 99.9% of bacterial population from the contaminated plastic wrapper. In addition, the UVC-LED treatment for 3 min reduced the L. monocytogenes concentration in F. velutipes by 0.47 log CFU/g. Moreover, the growth of L. monocytogenes in the treated mushrooms was slower than that of the untreated (control) ones. L. monocytogenes concentration in F. velutipes increased over 3 log CFU/g at 2℃ and 10℃ for 60 and 10 days, respectively. The growth of L. monocytogenes at the bottom of mushrooms was faster than that at the top at both the temperatures. These results indicate that the combined SAEW+UVC-W-LED treatment of plastic wrappers and the UVC-LED treatment of mushrooms can be used as potential hurdle technologies to control the risk of L. monocytogenes in mushrooms prior to packaging at farms.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.39 no.1
• /
• pp.55-62
• /
• 1994

The germplasms of naked barley evaluated for starch content were 137 crossing blacks and progeny lines obtained from the breeding program of the Wheat and Barley Research Institute, 540 Tabdong Kwonsungu Suwon, in the 1988/1989 season. Starch content was distributed between 49.15 and 62.50% with a mean of 57.20%. It was high in the bred lines and the Uz type lines than the imported, uz type or lax type ones. The range observed for seed coat weight was 1.12-3.02mg and the mean seed coat weight was 1.88mg. The seed coat weight ratio to kernel weight was measured between 4.0 and 8.7% with a mean of 6.5%. The varieties differ greatly in the characteristics depending on the plant type and origin of germplasms. The variation observed with protein content ranged from 9.60 to. 15.90% while the average was 12.86%. Starch content was negative relationships with kernel weight, seed coat weight, seed coat weight ratio., kernel width, kernel thickness and protein content, and starch content was higher in smaller kernels within a variety. The weight and weight ratio. of seed coat were positively correlated with the width, thick-ness of kernels, whilst they were negatively correlated with starch content. The heritability of starch content was 30.0%.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
• /
• v.38 no.4
• /
• pp.202-210
• /
• 2023

To analyze the pesticide residues in commercial bee pollen products in South Korea, 61 samples were collected and screened for 339 pesticides. Results revealed that approximately 34% (>LOQ) of samples were contaminated with at least one pesticide. The pesticide residue detection rates of domestic and imported samples were 31% and 44%, respectively. Furthermore, the pesticide residue detection rate of online distribution (60%) was higher than that of offline distribution (27%). Fifteen pesticides were discovered in bee pollen, and pendimethalin, chlorfenvinphos, chlorpyrifos, and fluazinam were detected in 7, 6, 3, and 2 order of frequency, respectively. Even though its concentration was low, chlorfenvinphos which is banned in food crops in the United States, European Union, and Korea, was detected in bee pollen samples commonly. Therefore, continuous investigation of pesticide residues in bee pollen products and their acceptance criteria is required for safety.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.83-91
• /
• 2023

This study investigate growth responses of Chinese cabbage and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) to application of fermented organic fertilizer produced from domestic organic resources for developing alternative materials instead of imported castor oil meal. Two types of fermented fertilizers (Fermented Organic Fertilizer A (OFA) and Fermented Organic Fertilizer B (OFB)) were produced by mixing distillers dried grains 30%, sesame cake 30%, rice bran 20% and fish meal 20% under different fermentation conditions. Treatment consisted of OFA is fermented for 21 days on plastic greenhouse, OFB is fermented for 5 days on 40℃, and MOF (Mixed Organic Fertilizer) is a fertilizer made with castor bean as the main ingredient. OFA, OFB and MOF were applied at the rate of 320 kg N/ha. Chinese cabbages were cultivated from Aug. to Nov. in 2022. Growth and yield of Chinese cabbage were no significant differences among all treatments except control (non-fertilized, NF). However, NUE of Chinese cabbage was higher the fermented fertilizer treatment (OFB: 81.4%, OFA: 79.1%) than the MOF (65.3%). It was observed that urease activity in the fermented fertilizer treatment was significantly higher than the MOF. This result confirmed that fermented fertilizers have similar effect on growth and yield with the MOF and could improve the NUE of crop.

• Women's Studies Review
• /
• v.28 no.1
• /
• pp.3-42
• /
• 2011

This study aims to analyze the characteristics of transnational cigarette companies' strategies to expand the female market in Korea after the market opening of 1988. Focusing on 'Virginia Slims' and 'Finesse', which are the PM and BAT's representative female brands, this study explores whether their typical advertising strategies were transformed in Korean market. After 3years from the market opening, 'Virginia Slims' gave up its brand identity and the strategy was so successful that 'Virginia Slims' continued to be 2nd best-selling brand in the imported cigarette market in Korea. In contrast, 'Finesse' maintained a typical women's cigarette image during the 1990s and consequently occupied the highest brand awareness as a female cigarette but lower market share than Virginia Slims. TTCs adapted to a doubly obstructed Korea market with its strong taboo against female smoking and a comparatively stronger legal ban on all cigarette ads targeting women. However, diverse indirect cigarette ads and promotions, which circumvented regulations, suggest that ads transforming was not to give up Korean female customers. Furthermore, the cigarette ads that the soft and mild taste of female brands are associated with healthy image rather than gendered image may appeal to Korean women without touching their emotions and desires.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• v.61 no.2
• /
• pp.258-264
• /
• 2023

The greenhouse gas (GHG) emission assessment of kenaf pellet, produced from locally generated kenaf residues in South Korea, has been studied based on the EU RED-II methodology for calculating GHG impact of biomass fuels. Based on the production pathway of kenaf residue pellet and emission coefficients from EU JRC report, the life cycle GHG emission of kenaf residue pellet is assessed as 3.0 gCO₂eq/MJ_pellet and the life cycle GHG emission of electricity generated from kenaf residue pellet is assessed as 11.9 gCO₂eq/MJ when electrical efficiency of final conversion is 25%. The potential GHG emission reduction of electricity produced from kenaf pellet is 90.3% compared to the domestic electricity emission factor 42.8 kgCO₂eq/MWh. Also, the electricity produced from kenaf pellet can reduce at least 59.6% of GHG emission compared to the electricity produced from imported wood pellets.