• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.51-59
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• 2008

This article focuses on perspectives of game in terms of interactivity between game texts and players. There are many points of view which have been discussed, such as first person point of view, third person point of view, top-down point of view, side-view point of view, quarter-view point of view, and isometric point of view, but they are too insufficient to fully explain the perspectives of game from the viewpoint of the interactivity. This paper examines the function of player and game manufacturer as implied authors on interactive point of view, and discusses the perspectives of game through a sense of distance between players as implied author and player characters.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.45-57
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• 1994

One of the fundamental duty of the assured in a marine insurance contract is maintaining seaworthiness of the ship insured. Since duty of the seaworthiness of ship is a shipowners implied warranty in the marine insurance, the breach of the duty of seaworthiness by assured is recognized as immunity for the underwriter. This is a measure to protect the underwriter through prevention of unexpected casualties which may be occurred from the unseaworthiness. In the Korean Marine Insurance Act the legal character of the assured's duty of seaworthiness is not clear whether it is a legal duty or contracted one. Accordingly, in this paper the author pointed out that the duty of seaworthiness of the ship should be interpreted according to the English Law. As a conclusion, the hull insurance does not require even implied warranty concerning seaworthiness, since it is recognized as one of implied fundamental warranty of the English Marine Insurance Act. Especially, this issue pointed out is very meaningful and advisable under the consideration of the existing conditions of the marine insurance regime for the distant-water fishing vessels and the catch carriers in Korea.

• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.56 no.5
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• pp.973-998
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• 2010

This paper aims at assessing the significance of Lyrical Ballads of 1798, the agreed inaugurator of English Romanticism, in terms of such key concepts as poetic "experiments," "conversation," and the authorial function. The 1798 volume marks an interesting incidence in which an author with no tangible substantiality can wield his authorial function over his works. The volume is signed without the named proper noun-its author is neither William Wordsworth nor Samuel Taylor Coleridge. The figure of the author in this case is realized by the poems he writes; he produces, and is produced by, his works-a fact that constitutes part of the poetic experiments manifested in the Advertisement. Working under this reciprocal production, the Author of the 1798 volume and his poems are collectively aiming at establishing a new class of poetry and an interpretive community. The notion of "conversation" is a key element in the thematic, stylistic ties among individual poems. Poems of the 1798 volume effect multi-layered, "blended" voices. Readers are expected to draw out the topological interweaving among poems through the practices of dialogic reading. In this light, the sequential necessity of "The Rime" and "Tintern Abbey" should be emphasized. They are stitched together in a logic of textual placement and the transition from one to the other is never arbitrary. Most of all, they are working under the same authorial function, complementing each other, and addressing the same poetic project in different textual locations. As an inaugural work of English Romanticism, Lyrical Ballads of 1798 in fact makes so many things happen and yet again anticipates something yet to come with elusiveness. The value of this poetic experiments should be judged not only by what is claimed in it, but what it sets out to do and "how far" it will be performed, as implied in the Advertisement. The efficacy of the volume, more than anything else, is dependent upon the performative power of words.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.1113-1122
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• 1999

The author investigated pain experiences of 90 cancer patients and the adequacy of pain treatment they have received during their stay at a large medical center in T city between October 1994 and August 1995. Pain was assessed by the Shortened BPQ and results are summarized as follows: As for ratings of “worst pain” during the 24 hour period, 70% of the patients reported they had “severe” pain. As for ratings on “pain now,” 43% of the cancer patients reported “moderate to severe” pain. Over 46% of the patients reported a pain relief score of 0(not at all) or 1(somewhat) even after receiving pain medication. Adequacy of analgesic treatment was evaluated by comparing the patient's reported level of pain and the analgesic use, namely, the pain management index(PMI). The PMI indicated that 58% of the patients were undertreated for the pain control. In review of nurse's notes. systematic pain assessment was scarcely recorded, although pain documentation appeared in 70% of the notes; and the contents were mostly simple description. In conclusion, the results of patient's pain ratings, the PMI and poor pain documentation in the nurse's notes implied poor pain assessment and management.

• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.61-76
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• 2008

F. Scott Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby has been interpreted to be saturated with the lamentation over the distortion and evaporation of the American dream. The application of Friedrich Nietzsche's mythic concept of Dionysus, discussed in The Birth of Tragedy, surfaces a fresh layer of the novel, subverting the established pessimistic reading. To focus on a peripheral character, Myrtle Wilson, through Nietzsche's theory brings forth an optimistic vision of the author. A Dionysian ecstasy so powerfully overwhelms Myrtle that she perceives Tom, the very picture of corruption and crime in Fitzgerald's text, as a benefic liberator. Her impassioned perception of Tom enables her to soar over both legal or moral censorship and her realistic confinement. Myrtle's amoral passion endows her with the vital desire to live. Her Dionysian dynamo embodies the core of new version of the American dream Fitzgerald suggests as a measure to reanimate the lost generation of his nation.

• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.625-649
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• 2011

Even though "An Outpost of Progress" and Heart of Darkness were based upon Joseph Conrad the sailor's same experience in Congo Free State, their narrative strategies are quite different. The realistic representation of "An Outpost of Progress," with which Conrad was not satisfied at all, was converted into the modernistic narrative strategy of Heart of Darkness so that the sympathetic power of the story should be improved. The conservative value system of realism is expressed by the omniscient author in "An Outpost of Progress," whereas the frame narrator of Heart of Darkness is proved to be an unreliable one whose norms and behavior are not in accordance with the implied author. The glorious history of the British Empire, which was proudly presented by the frame narrator at the beginning of Heart of Darkness, was strongly opposed by Marlow, another narrator, who said that the British Empire had been "one of the dark places of the earth" when ruled by the Roman Empire. The feeling of the frame narrator was uneasily changed into the gloomy mood when he described the Thames as the flow which "seemed to lead into the heart of an immense darkness" at the end of Heart of Darkness. Similar to the straightforward narrative strategy of representation in "An Outpost of Progress," the realistic approach of Part I in Heart of Darkness is considered by Conrad as insufficient to reveal the darkest truth of imperialism, which was declared by Kurtz as "The Horror! The Horror!" Thus Conrad uses the Chinese-box structure, in which Kurtz' episode is enveloped by Marlow's tale which is enclosed by the frame narrator's story, in order to penetrate into the mind of ordinary readers in the novelist's age of New Colonialism, while attacking the ideology itself of imperialism instead of critisizing its inefficiency and individualism.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.183-188
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• 1994

In clinical orthopaedics, bone resoption in the cortex is often seen post operatively on X-rays or bone densitometry after total hip replacement (THR) in the form of cortical osteoporosis or atropy. Stress shielding of bone occurs, when a load, normally carried by the bone alone, is shared with an implant as a result, the bone stresses are abnormal and with remodelling analysis this may cause extensive proximal bone resoption, possibly weakening the bone bed to the point of failure. The author made finite element models of the cemented and non-cemented type implanted femoral stem with bone resorption of the proximal medial femur and studied the feed back effect of the various degree of bone resoption to THR system by parametric analysis on the stress of the femoral stem and interface. The results of the present finite element analysis implied that the extent of proximal bone resorption has the effect of more increasing stress on the distal stem tip, cement mantle and interface in both type of femoral stem and this high distal stress possibly can cause the mechanical failure of loosening or failure after THR.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.29
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• pp.39-61
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• 2006

The governing law in international commercial arbitration may be divided into governing arbitration law and governing substantive law. The former governs the parties' arbitration agreement and the conduct of any subsequent arbitration. But the later governs the parties' substantive rights and obligations, which means the law that governs contract formation and performance, and the law to be applied by the arbitrator to the merits of the dispute. The purpose of this paper is to examine how to determine the substantive governing law when there is express choice or implied choice between parties. Moreover this author checked any restrictions on party autonomy and also any possibilities to deviate from the governing law. In case of express choice the sources of the law or rules of law might be the national law of one of the parties, the neutral law, the general principles of law or lex mercatoria according to the arbitration law selected by the arbitral tribunal. Some arbitration laws or rules empower the arbitrator to decide the case ex aequo et bono or to act as amiable compositions. If the governing law could be determined expressly or impliedly by the parties, the arbitral tribunal would make a selection. In this case the criteria for selecting a governing law are not exactly same from country to country. But failing any indication by the parties as to governing law, the arbitral tribunal should apply the rules of law, the law or the law under the rule of conflict that the arbitrators consider applicable, according to the governing arbitration law. Among the connecting factors offered by the conflict rules, (which means the factors that the arbitrators consider applicable), some legal systems give precedence to the formation of the contract, other system to the place of performance of the contract, and others to the closest connection or centre of gravity. But the Rome Convention, which unified the conflict rules of the contracting states, gives precedence to the law of the domicile of the party which has to effect the performance which is characteristic of the contract. Finally this author suggested the Choice of Law Clause which covers governing substantive law and governing arbitration law at the same time. Thus the UNIDROIT Principles as well as any national law may be included as a governing law in international arbitration. So when we make sales or service contract, we should take into consideration of the UNIDROIT Principles as a governing law or a supplement to the governing law.

• Informatization Policy
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.85-101
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• 2014

This study analyzed the influencing factors for knowledge sharing at GKMC, and then tried to illuminate the policy meanings implied in the results. To build a framework of analysis, reviewing the KM-related studies, the author selected five influencing factors for knowledge sharing, such as CMC quality, community commitment, structural social capital, cognitive social capital, and relational capital, and actors, and identified the fact that all the factors have a positive effect on knowledge sharing. In the case of Kwang-ju metropolitan city, the first factor that affects knowledge sharing is community commitment, the second one is CMC quality, and the third one is structural social capital. This result means that to succeed in knowledge sharing, the local government managers should try to shape the bonding among members, and then to get rid of the causes of complaints. In addition, local government also needs to predict problems claims and take proper actions for GKMC to be used conveniently through monitoring their work continuously. Furthermore, they should make a free and happy working environment, closely examining the change of the relationship among social capitals.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.2
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• pp.21-26
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• 2006

A contract for shipbuilding is usually a complicated process and involves a statement of rights, and obligations and responsibilities to which each party agrees vis-a vis the other. Most countries are now well settled with regard to liability of a manufacturer in tort for physical injury and on the other hand, for pure economic loss to remote owners of chattels. Where there is a breach of either contractual warranty or an implied warranty, there may be admiralty jurisdiction, depending once again on the situs of the event and its relationship to traditional maritime activity. First of all, this thesis deals with the contents of contract under English Law. Secondly, this thesis analyse ' s the liability of shipbuilders in Products Liability under English, United States, German and korean Law comparisons. In conclusion, the author gives some suggestions as countermeasures to Products Liability for the shipbuilders in Korea.