• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.873-891
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• 2018

This paper suggests an automatic approach to extracting Java method implementation patterns associated with method identifiers using Cascade K-Medoids. Java method implementation patterns indicate recurring implementations for achieving the purpose described in the method identifier with the given parameters and return type. If the implementation is different from the purpose, readers of the code tend to take more time to comprehend the method, which eventually affects to the increment of software maintenance cost. In order to automatically identify implementation patterns and its representative sample code, we first propose three groups of feature vectors for characterizing the Java method signature, method body and their relation. Then, we apply Cascade K-Medoids by enhancing the K-Medoids algorithm with the Calinski and Harrabasez algorithm. As the evaluation of our approach, we identified 16,768 implementation patterns of 7,169 method identifiers from 50 open source projects. The implementation patterns have been validated by the 30 industrial practitioners with from 1 to 6 years industrial experience, resulting in 86% of the precision.

• 정보처리학회논문지D
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• 제16D권1호
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• pp.93-104
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• 2009

특성 지향 제품계열공학은 특성 관점에서 제품계열의 핵심자산을 개발하고 이를 활용하여 제품을 개발하는 접근방법으로서, 이를 위한 첫번째 단계는 하나의 특성을 하나의 모듈화된 단위로 구현하는 것이다. 관점 지향 프로그래밍은 특성 구현의 모듈화를 향상시키기 위한 효과적인 메커니즘을 제공한다. 하지만, 특성이 일반적으로 서로 독립적이지 않기 때문에 어떤 특성 구현 모듈의 변화는 다른 특성 구현 모듈에 변화를 일으키거나 원하지 않는 부작용을 야기시킬 수도 있다. 뿐만 아니라, 하나의 특성이 제품에 결합되는 시점이 컴파일 시점에서부터 로드 시점, 실행 시점에 이르기까지 다양할 수 있으므로, 특성이 언제 제품에 결합하느냐에 따라 다르게 구현되어야 할지도 모른다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 각 특성 구현 모듈이 다른 모듈과 독립적이 되도록 하기 위해서, 특성 구현 모듈로부터 특성 의존성 및 특성 결합 시점을 효과적으로 분리시킬 수 있는 애스팩트 패턴을 제안한다. 이러한 패턴들은 특성 구현 모듈이 특성의 선택에 따라서 다른 모듈에 영향을 주지 않고 유연하게 합성될 수 있도록 한다. 이와 같은 접근 방법을 예시하고 평가하기 위해 공학용 계산기 제품계열을 사용한다.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.251-272
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• 2007

Although Enterprise Systems (ES) have promised major strategic benefits and process improvements from business and technology integration, their implementation has been plagued by a high failure rate and difficulty in realizing the promised benefits. For the purpose of understanding implementation failures, previous studies have focused on identifying critical success factors (CSFs) for information systems implementation. However, there has been little research on how these CSFs actually lead to successful results. In this study, based on process theory, we examined the process of ES implementation by explaining how the factors of ES implementation influence each other and how interaction among them produces results. Based on a failure case, we then developed a process model of ES implementation thus allowing us to explain the process of ES implementation. The proposed model facilitated an understanding of how repeating patterns of ES failure can be reversed. This model can be used for guiding new ES implementation projects.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 1998년도 추계종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.987-990
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• 1998

An optical adder for a modified signed-digit(MSD) number system using joint spatial encoding method is proposed. In order to minimize the numbers of symbolic substitution rules, nine input patterns were divided into five groups of the same addition results. For recognizing the input reference patterns, masks and reference patterns without any other spatial operations are used. This adder is implemented by smaller system in size than a conventional adder.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.147-159
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• 2001

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze changes in the work patterns of nurses working in tertiary hospitals in Seoul, Korea Method: Structured self-administered questionnaires were sent to the nursing department of each hospital, and distributed to nurses. The questionnaires were designed to identity changes in work patterns, frequency of contact inside & between departments, and interpersonal relationship inside & between departments. And also variables for analysis included the followings ; acknowledgement of convenience, information applicability, willingness to participate in, and job satisfaction after implementation of a Hospital Information System. A total of 249 nurses from 13 hospitals replied. Results: Changes in direct nursing time showed the most improvement and the frequency of contact was decreased while interpersonal relationships among coworkers was improved. As most nurses expressed a positive opinion of the HIS including its convenience, and information applicability, their willingness to participate in it and job satisfaction, it can be concluded that the implementation of the HIS has resulted in positive influences in the work patterns of clinical nurses.

• 한국광학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국광학회 1991년도 제6회 파동 및 레이저 학술발표회 Prodeedings of 6th Conference on Waves and Lasers
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• pp.35-40
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• 1991

In this paper, a new adaptive learning algorithm, Training by Adaptive Gain (TAG) for optical implementation of large-sized neural networks has been developed and its electro-optical implementation for 2-dimensional input and output neurons has been demostrated. The 4-dimensional global fixed interconnections and 2-dimensional adaptive gain-controls are implemented by multi-facet computer generated holograms and LCTV spatial light modulators, respectively. When the input signals pass through optical system to the output classifying layer, the TAG adaptive learning algorithm is implemented by a personal computer. The system classifies three 5$\times$5 input patterns correctly.

• 한국게임학회 논문지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.43-47
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• 2004

FPS 게임이나 액션 게임처럼 빠른 속도의 게임에서는 적의상태와 나의 상태를 분석하여 이성적인 게임플레이를 할 시간적 여유가 없는 경우가 대부분 이다. 이러한 종류의 게임에서 적 캐릭터의 행동은 대부분 패턴으로 정해지는 것이 일반적이다. 그러나 이렇게 패턴이 정해져 있는 적 캐릭터의 경우 게임에 대한 게이머의 숙련도가 높아질수록 대응방법의 한계를 느낄 수 있는 단점이 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 판단과 의사결정의 심리를 이용하여 게이머의 행동패턴을 예측한 후 적 캐릭터의 행동에 반영하여 좀 더 다양한 행동패턴을 보이는 적 캐릭터에 대해서 연구한다.

• 전자공학회논문지A
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• 제31A권7호
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• pp.55-62
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• 1994

Interpattern association (IPA) model which the interconnection weight matrix(IWM) is constructed by the association between patterns is effective in similar pattern recognitions. But, if the number of reference patterns is increased, the ability of recognition is decreased. Using a hierarchical recognition algorithm which adopts the tree search strategy, we classified reference patterns into sub-groups by similarity. In IPA model, if input includes random noise we make it converge to reference pattern by means of input includes random noise we make it converge to reference pattern by means of increasing the number of pixels of prohibited state in IWM. In relation to reference patterns the pixel of prohibited state made partially prohibited state of no connected state using which is not included common and feature regions by each reference patterns.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제11권12호
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• pp.5083-5088
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• 2010

무리를 형성하는 NPC들의 인공 지능을 실세계의 무리짓기와 유사하게 구현하는 것은 게임의 재미를 증가시키는 요인이 될 수 있다. 이를 위하여, 본 논문에서는 분석된 실세계에서의 물고기 무리짓기의 행동 패턴을 설계하고 오우거 엔진을 이용하여 구현한다. 구현된 무리짓기의 효용성을 판단하기 위하여 실세계의 물고기 떼의 행동 패턴과 비교한다. 비교 결과, 구현된 물고기 떼의 행동 패턴과 실세계의 행동 패턴은 비슷함을 보인다.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 2008년도 하계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.225-227
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• 2008

This paper deals with the implementation on a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) of PWM switching patterns for a voltage multilevel inverter. The reference data in main microcontroller is transmitted to the FPGA through 16 general purpose I/O ports. Herein, three-phase reference voltage signals are addressed by the last 2-bit (bit 15-14) and their data are assigned in remaining 14-bit, respectively. The carrier signals are created by 16-bit counter in up-down counting mode inside FPGA according to desirable topology. Each reference signal is compared with all carrier signals to generate corresponding PWM switching patterns for control of the multilevel inverter. Useful advantages of this scheme are easy implementation, simple software control and flexibility in adaptation to produce many PWM signals. Some simulations and experiments are carried out to validate the proposed method.