• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.66 no.6
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• pp.95-109
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• 2016

The process of making fashion accessories brings many benefits to visually impaired people. It helps the development of their tactile sensation, improves their aesthetic attitude, creativity, and imagination, and brings energy to their life. The current accessory making education in Korea is targeted to people with normal vision, and does not reflect the specific needs of the visually impaired. This causes a lot of trouble in educating the visually impaired. Therefore, this study aims to increase the efficiency of accessory making education by selecting curriculum and material that are appropriate and systematic for the visually impaired. In order to understand visual impairment, literature review was conducted to examine the definition and classifications of the impairment. Research was also done regarding material types and production method of fashion accessory. The study also designed an education program, including teaching guidelines, by referring to literature related to fashion accessory design, teaching guideline. The study conducted 12 experiments based on the results from April to June 2014. After revising and supplementing the teaching method, 2nd set of experiments were conducted from July to September 2014. Each class lasted for one and a half hour every week, and the class was composed of 6 students, 1 instructor and 1 volunteer. After each class, interviews were done to collect student opinions about the curriculum and material. Total experiment results and interview were reflected in constructing the final education program. The result of the experiments and interviews showed that selecting the accessory materials for class must be selected carefully. The visually-impaired students were very sensitive to the size, texture, shape, hole size of beads and length of material. After the experiments, all the students were able to distinguish the size and shape of the beads well, and finished the accessories using the given materials. The study verified that there is a need for another approach when educating the visually impaired about fashion accessory design. Many factors need to be considered from selecting materials to class contents. This study will contribute as a reference to fashion accessory making education as well as other design education for the visually impaired.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.688-701
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• 2020

In this study, a total of 68 domestic and international papers were selected from 1993 to August 2020 in order to examine the research trends related to artificial intelligence for the visually impaired. The papers were compared and analyzed by the number of papers published by year, research method, research topic, keyword analysis status, research type, and implementation method. As a result of the study, the number of papers during the study period seemed to increase steadily. But in the case of domestic research, It can be seen that it has become active since 2016. As for research methods, development research accounted for 89.7% of both domestic and foreign research. Keywords was in Visually Impaired, Deep Learning, and Assistive Device order in domestic research. And it was in Visually Impaired, Deep learning, Artificial intelligence order in foreign research. There was a difference in the frequency of words. Research type were Design, development and implementation both in domestic and foreign. Implementation method were in System 13.2%, Solution 7.4%, App. 4.4% order in domestic research, and it was in System 32.4%, App. 13.2%, Device 7.4% order in foreign research. As for the applied technology of the implementation method, were in YOLO 2.7%, TTS 2.1%, Tensorflow 2.1% order in domestic research, and it was used in CNN 8.0%, TTS 5.3%, MS-COCO 4.3% order in foreign research. The purpose of this study was to compare and analyze the trends of artificial intelligence-related research targeting the visually impaired, to immediately know the current status of domestic and foreign research, and to present the direction of artificial intelligence research for the visually impaired in the future.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2020

The Stream/River Ecosystem Survey and Health Assessment has been carried out regarding the ecological health of the streams by the Ministry of Environment (MOE), South Korea. However, the sources of impairment of the stream ecosystem and the interactions between the sources, stressors, and the responses of impaired streams have not been taken into consideration. The purpose of this study is to propose the establishment of diagnosis systems for the impaired stream ecosystem because of the need to incorporate the same in the making of the policy to enable the recovery and improvement of the health of the impaired streams or river ecosystem. First, we define the concept of a diagnosis of the impaired stream or river ecosystem through a literature review. Second, through case studies [e.g., US CADDIS (Causal Analysis/Diagnosis Decision Information System), AUS. Eco Evidence, EU WFD (Water Framework Directive)], we try to develop the diagnosis system for the making of policy. In this study, the diagnosis system that is proposed consists of eight steps including the basic data collection, detecting or suspecting impairment, defining the impaired stream reach, identifying the biological impaired cases and listing the candidate causes, illustrating the interactive conceptual diagrams between stressors and responses, investigating the stressors-responses in the field, verifying causes and identifying the probable causes of the impaired cases, and summarizing and proposing the restoration of the streams. The results of this study will support and enable efficient decision-making for sustainable stream restoration and management based on the diagnosis of the probable causes for the impaired complex and the diverse stream ecosystem.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.27 no.3 s.47
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• pp.425-436
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• 1994

This is to study the incidence of Diabetes and its risk factors in the impaired glucose tolerence group. 1084 subjects who had been examined 3 times for regular check-up in one human dock center under the university hospital were studied between $1986{\sim}1993$. The results are as follows; Prevalence rate of diabetes was 3.56%, and that of impaired glucose tolerence was 30.90% as of initial examination. The rate of diabetes was increasing with the age where 1.2% at age group $30{\sim}39$, 3.21% at age group $40{\sim}49$, 5.84% at age group $50{\sim}59$, 14.28% at age group 60 and over. And also the rate of impaired glucose tolerance was increasing with the age where 21.29% at age group $30{\sim}39$, 31.42% at age group $40{\sim}49$, 38.91% at age group $50{\sim}59$, 33.33% at age group 60 and over Of the examinees who were initially examined, total incidence rate of diabetes who developed to obvious diabetes at the 3rd follow-up examination from the initially impaired glucose tolerence group was 4.63% and it was 11.3 times higher than from the normal group (0.41%). After controlling for the effects of both age and obesity, the risk of subsequent diabetes for subjects with impaired glucose tolerance remained significantly higher than for normal subjects (Relative Risk, 10.48). Test for trends for developing to diabetes by the increasing level of fasting blood sugar and 1hr blood sugar at the initial examination were statistically significant in either normal and impaired glucose tolerence group. To determine the risk factor for developing to diabetes, logistic regression test was applied. Only fasting blood sugar and 1hr blood sugar were predictors for developing diabetes from the impaired glucose tolerence group at initial examination.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.28
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• pp.100-108
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to develop recommendation of sign system and color codes in making the public interior environment more accessible for the visually impaired persons. The appropriate guidelines in designing the sign system and the color codes in the public interior environment can increase the accessibility, the mobility and the safety for the visually impaired persons including the increasing elderly. By selecting the effective sign system much more desirable results can be brought: Improvement of accessibility, mobility, increase of safety, work efficiency and the psychological stability. Sign system and the color is more important for the weak-sighted people than the normal-sighted in way finding and the orientation strategies. 53 visually impaired persons participated for this study, the answers of the questionaires by the weak-sighted persons are focused on in this research. The data, the needs of users is analysed on the basis of users-oriented. The result of this study can be considered as a basic direction of sign system design and color codes in our codes in our public environment for all people especially visually impaired persons.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.467-474
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• 2011

Auditory and language train for the hearing-impaired is an essential course improving conversational capability with non-deaf and accompanying the financial burden and the physical fatigue of parents or a teacher. To reduce these problems, web-based training contents have been developed. But these contents have been developed without consideration of individual difference such as various levels of residual hearing and the learning capability of hearing-impaired. Therefore, it is important that appropriate training progress for each hearing-impaired should be designed by evaluating and analyzing the personal status, residual hearing, learning capability and training achievement. This paper suggests auditory and language training service model for the hearing-impaired, which is planning and managing an auditory and learning training based on personal evaluation. In addition, this paper suggests a design method for a serious game content planing based on this service model.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.1-7
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• 2008

This paper explains a new design and Implementation of an efficient portable braille point system for visually Impaired person, The information systems for the visually impaired persons require efficiently designed devices, tools and accessibility to use the devices, and education support. These three conditions are the basic requirements of designing systems for the visually impaired persons, The system proposed in this paper satisfies the above three conditions. The system converts data and web documents between the braille and Hangul using an algorithm stored in a PC, and transfers the converted data to portable devices. And the portable braille device presents the transferred data in an electromagnetic way.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.3270-3294
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• 2020

Some things come easily to humans, one of them is the ability to navigate around. This capability of navigation suffers significantly in case of partial or complete blindness, restricting life activity. Advances in the technological landscape have given way to new solutions aiding navigation for the visually impaired. In this paper, we analyze the existing works and identify the challenges of path selection, context awareness, obstacle detection/identification and integration of visual and nonvisual information associated with real-time assisted mobility. In the process, we explore machine learning approaches for robotic path planning, multi constrained optimal path computation and sensor based wearable assistive devices for the visually impaired. It is observed that the solution to problem is complex and computationally intensive and significant effort is required towards the development of richer and comfortable paths for safe and smooth navigation of visually impaired people. We cannot overlook to explore more effective strategies of acquiring surrounding information towards autonomous mobility.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.135-145
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• 2010

This study investigates the differences in mean F0, intensity, jitter, and shimmer across hearing aid, gender, and vowels. For this study, 18 hearing-impaired children, 18 cochlear implanted children, and 18 normal hearing children as a control group were asked to read seven Korean vowels (/$\alpha$, $\wedge$, o, u, w, i, $\varepsilon$/). Subjects' readings were recorded by NasalView and analyzed by Praat. Results showed that the means of F0 were significantly higher in the hearing impaired group than in the normal hearing group; in the female group than in the male group; and in high vowels than in low vowels. Second, intensity was significantly higher in the hearing impaired group than in the normal hearing group; in the female group than in the male group; and in low vowels than in high vowels. Third, jitter was significantly higher in the normal hearing group than in the hearing impaired group; in the female group than in the male group; and in back vowels than in front vowels. Finally, shimmer was significantly higher in the CI group than in the normal hearing group or the hearing aided group; in the male group than in the female group; and in low vowels than in high vowels.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1996 no.05
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• pp.240-242
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• 1996

In this paper, we proposed a method of a hearing aid suitable for the sensorineural hearing impaired. Generally as the sensorineural hearing impaired have narrow audible ranges between threshold and discomfortable level, the speech spectrum may easily go beyond their audible range. Therefore speech spectrum must be optimally amplified and compressed into the impaired's audible range. The level and frequency of input speech signal are varied continuously. So we have to make compensation input signal for frequency-gain loss of the impaired, specially in the frequency band which includes much information. The input sigaal is divided into short time block and spectrum within the block is calculated. The frequency-gain characteristic is determined using the calculated spectrum. The number of frequency band and the target gain which will be added input signal are estimated. The input signal within the block is processed by a single digital filter with the calculated frequency-gain characteristics. From the results of monosyllabic speech tests to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm, the scores of test were improved.