• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.617-630
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• 1993

Factors related to health promotion activities and quality of life in Korean women with arthritis have not been clearly identified. Predictors of health promotion might be identified that will enhance the well - being of this group. Accordingly, the findings of the study will contribute additional information about the relationship between health promotion and quality of life and will add to the research on quality of life of individuals with a leading cause of disability--arthritis. The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship of selected background factors (years of illness, perceived severity of illness, uncertainty in illness), perceived self- efficacy, and health promoting behaviors to the quality of life of Korean women with arthritis. A cross - sectional descriptive design was used in this study to investigate relationships among the variables of interest. The sample was composed of 96 women who had arhtrits and visited large university hospital in Seoul for regular check up or pre-scription of medication. The purpose of a descriptive correlational design was to determine the absence or presence of relationships among variables that were measurable (Polit & Hungler, 1981, p.147). The design of this study was appropriate because it yielded answers to the research questions and hypotheses regarding the relationships among the model variables. the Questionnaire contained demographic information, translated Mishel Uncertainty in illness Scale-Community form (MUIS-C) (Mishel, 1987), translated and modified Disease Course Graphic Scale(DCGS) which was developed by Braden (1990), translated Sherer. et al.’s General Self-Efficacy Scale (1982), The Health -Promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP), developed by Walker, Sechrist, and Fender (1987) and traslated to Korean by Ha, and quality of life was measured by Face Scale (Andrew, 1976). Several steps of verification for the translation process were carefully conducted. Data analysis included descriptive correlational statistics and multiple regression techniques. Health promotion was the only contributor to pre-dict quality of life. Results showed that enabling cognitive perceptual factor (self-efficacy) mediates the disruptive force (uncertainty in ill-ness) on achieving a health promoting self- help behavior. The findings of this study also indicated that illness - related variable of severity of illness was mediated by health promotion, which buffered it's impact on quality of life.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.325-332
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• 2014

PURPOSE. The aim of this review was to analyze the evaluation criteria on mandibular implant overdentures through a systematic review and suggest standardized evaluation criteria. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A systematic literature search was conducted by PubMed search strategy and hand-searching of relevant journals from included studies considering inclusion and exclusion criteria. Randomized clinical trials (RCT) and clinical trial studies comparing attachment systems on mandibular implant overdentures until December, 2011 were selected. Twenty nine studies were finally selected and the data about evaluation methods were collected. RESULTS. Evaluation criteria could be classified into 4 groups (implant survival, peri-implant tissue evaluation, prosthetic evaluation, and patient satisfaction). Among 29 studies, 21 studies presented implant survival rate, while any studies reporting implant failure did not present cumulative implant survival rate. Seventeen studies evaluating peri-implant tissue status presented following items as evaluation criteria; marginal bone level (14), plaque Index (13), probing depth (8), bleeding index (8), attachment gingiva level (8), gingival index (6), amount of keratinized gingiva (1). Eighteen studies evaluating prosthetic maintenance and complication also presented following items as evaluation criteria; loose matrix (17), female detachment (15), denture fracture (15), denture relining (14), abutment fracture (14), abutment screw loosening (11), and occlusal adjustment (9). Atypical questionnaire (9), Visual analog scales (VAS) (4), and Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) (1) were used as the format of criteria to evaluate patients satisfaction in 14 studies. CONCLUSION. For evaluation of implant overdenture, it is necessary to include cumulative survival rate for implant evaluation. It is suggested that peri-implant tissue evaluation criteria include marginal bone level, plaque index, bleeding index, probing depth, and attached gingiva level. It is also suggested that prosthetic evaluation criteria include loose matrix, female detachment, denture fracture, denture relining, abutment fracture, abutment screw loosening, and occlusal adjustment. Finally standardized criteria like OHIP-EDENT or VAS are required for patient satisfaction.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.231-242
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• 2012

Objectives : This study was designed to investigate the Efficacy of Gamiyukmijihwang-tang on Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis. Methods : We surveyed 10 recurrent aphthous stomatitis patients visited the oral diseases clinic in the Kyung Hee University Oriental Medicine Hospital from September, 2011 to March, 2012. Before and 2 weeks after taking Gamiyukmijihwang-tang, the subjects were evaluated on clinical characteristics of recurrent aphthous stomatitis, severity of pain using visual analogue scale (VAS), quality of life about oral health (based on the 14-item Oral Health Impact Profile-14) and yin-deficiency condition (based on the 10-item Yin-deficiency Questionnaire). Then, 5 patients who had already finished treatment were assessed about recurrence of recurrent aphthous stomatitis by telephone survey 6 weeks later. Results : After 2 weeks taking Gamiyukmijihwang-tang, clinical characteristics of 10 patients of recurrent aphthous stomatitis improved; their severity of pain, quality of life about oral health and yin-deficiency condition improved significantly. After 6 weeks, 3 of 5 patients who had already finished treatment didn't experience recurrence of recurrent aphthous stomatitis. The other 2 patients experienced a recurrence, but their clinical characteristics of recurrent aphthous stomatitis improved significantly. Conclusions : Gamiyukmijihwang-tang is effective on recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Studies with a larger number of cases and longer follow-up will be needed in the future.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.620-632
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• 2009

Objectives : The present study purposed to survey the oral health-related quality of life among elderly in metropolis Methods : We had individual interviews and oral survey using a questionnaire with 336 elderly who were using seniors' centers in Metropolitan City during the period from the $9^{th}$ to $31^{st}$ of July, 2007. Results : Factors of GOHAI showed the significant relation with types of health insurance, a large number of medication, perceived oral health status, perception of dental care needs those with pains in the temporomandibular joint, the number of natural teeth and the explanatory power or the final model was 25.5%. Factors of OHIP-14 showed the significant relation with types of health insurance, a large number of medication, perception of dental care needs those with pains in the temporomandibular joint, gingival bleeding, the number of natural teeth and the explanatory power or the final model was 26.6%. Conclusions : Oral health-related quality of life among elderly as factors by general characteristics of study subjects, by perceived heath status and oral health status, perceived oral symptoms and oral health status that were relevant. Accordingly, for the healthy maintenance of elders' natural teeth, it is considered necessary to develop and execute continuous oral health management systems and oral health education programs that promote preventive activities and enhance the perception of oral health.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.461-475
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the related factors of oral health-related quality of life in the severely disabled people. Methods: The subjects were 205 severe disabled people in Busan and Gyeongnam. Data were collected by direct interview with the severe disabled persons from June to August, 2011. The study instruments included oral health impact profile(OHIP)-14 and Korean instrumental activities of daily living(K-IADL). Data were analyzed by SAS version 9.2. The questionnaire consisted of eight questions of the general characteristics of the subjects, five questions of oral health related problem, seven questions of K-ADL, ten questions of K-IADL, fourteen questions of oral health related quality of life. Results: The severely disabled's IADL was $19.9{\pm}7.8$ and the oral health-related quality of life was $17.5{\pm}10.5$. In multiple regression analysis, oral health-related quality of life was closely related to multiple disorders and IADL. Conclusions: The oral health-related quality of life was poor in the severely disabled people. It is necessary to provide the severely disabled people with self-supporting tools that help ADL and IADL.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.451-459
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• 2015

Objectives: The objective of this study is to investigate oral health behavior, PHP index and OHIP, awareness, attitude and behavior toward oral health in the foreign factory workers. Thsi study will provide the basic data for the improvement of the foreigners' quality of life. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was completed by 126 Sri Lankans and 76 Chinese over 20 years old in Daegu and Gyeongbuk from January to April, 2012 through man to man interview after receiving informed consent. The questionnaire included oral health status, PHP index and OHIP. Results: OHIP was closely related to sex, marital status, and medical expense burden. PHP index was closely related to religion and income. The averages of OHP and PHP were 4.36 and 3.7, respectively and very bad. OHIP was influenced by number of toothbrushing, time of toothbrushing, use of oral hygiene device, and dental visit within a year. PHP index was influenced by the area of toothbrushing, time of toothbrushing, and the dental visit within a year. Regression analysis of PHP index according to OHIP and oral care conditions showed the equation. Y(OHIP)=2.999+0.103(area of toothbrushing)+0.346(the use of oral hygiene article)+ 0.077(visiting to the dentist during the past one year)-0.173(PHP index)(p<0.05). Conclusions: Low PHP index in the foreign workers affected quality of life. So the company must provide the continuing oral health care for the foreign workers every year. The concern for the health care for the foreigners will improve oral health behavior in the future.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.28.1-28.1
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• 2017

To investigate AGN outflows as a tracer of AGN feedback on the host galaxies, we perform integral-field spectroscopy of 20 type 2 AGNs at z<0.1 using the Magellan/IMACS and the VLT/VIMOS. The observed objects are luminous AGNs with the [O III] luminosity >$10^{41.5}erg/s$, and exhibit strong outflow signatures in the [O III] kinematics. We obtain the maps of the narrow and broad components of [O III] and $H{\alpha}$ lines by decomposing the emission-line profile. The broad components in both [O III] and $H{\alpha}$ represent the non-gravitational kinematics, (i.e., gas outflows), while the narrow components represent the gravitational kinematics (i.e., rotational disks), especially in $H{\alpha}$. By using the spatially integrated spectra within the flux-weighted size of the narrow-line region, we estimate the outflow energetics. The ionized gas mass is $(1.0-38.5){\times}10^5M_{\odot}$, and the mean mass outflow rate is $4.6{\pm}4.3M_{\odot}/yr$, which is a factor of ~260 higher than the mean mass accretion rate $0.02{\pm}0.01M_{\odot}/yr$. The mean energy injection rate is $0.8{\pm}0.6%$ of the AGN bolometric luminosity Lbol, while the mean momentum flux is $(5.4{\pm}3.6){\times}L_{bol}/c$, except for two most kinematically energetic AGNs. The estimated energetics are consistent with the expectations for energy-conserving outflows from AGNs, yet we do not find any supporting evidence of instantaneous star-formation quenching due to the outflows.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.463-472
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• 2003

Cassava (Manihot esculenta, Crantz), an annual tropical tuber crop, was nutritionally evaluated as a foliage for ruminants, especially dairy cattle. Cultivation of cassava biomass to produce hay is based on a first harvest of the foliage at three months after planting, followed every two months thereafter until one year. Inter-cropping of leguminous fodder as food-feed between rows of cassava, such as Leucaena leucocephala or cowpea (Vigna unculata), enriches soil fertility and provides additional fodder. Cassava hay contained 20 to 25% crude protein in the dry matter with good profile of amino acids. Feeding trials with cattle revealed high levels of DM intake (3.2% of BW) and high DM digestibility (71%). The hay contains tannin-protein complexes which could act as rumen by - pass protein for digestion in the small intestine. As cassava hay contains condensed tannins, it could have subsequent impact on changing rumen ecology particularly changing rumen microbes population. Therefore, supplementation with cassava hay at 1-2 kg/hd/d to dairy cattle could markedly reduce concentrate requirements, and increase milk yield and composition. Moreover, cassava hay supplementation in dairy cattle could increase milk thiocyanate which could possibly enhance milk quality and milk storage, especially in small holder-dairy farming. Condensed tannins contained in cassava hay have also been shown to potentially reduce gastrointestinal nematodes in ruminants and therefore could act as an anthelmintic agent. Cassava hay is therefore an excellent multi-nutrient source for animals, especially for dairy cattle during the long dry season, and has the potential to increase the productivity and profitability of sustainable livestock production systems in the tropics.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.50-63
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• 1999

This study was conducted with 20 female gymnasts and 23 age-matched controls to examine the relationship of diet, menstrual function and bone mineral density (BMD). The results obtained are summarized as follows : Energy intake of gymnasts was 968.9$\pm$421.4kcal, and energy expenditure was 2091.4$\pm$361kcal showing negative energy balance(-1,122.5$\pm$534.6kcal). The average intakes of calcium, iron, vitamin A, thiamin, riboflavin and niacin did not meet the Recommended Dietary Allowances for their age groups. Mean age at menarche in gymnasts is 15.8$\pm$1.2 years compared with 11.8$\pm$2.8 years in age-matched controls. The profile of estradiol, progesterone, and luteinizing hormone was lower than age-matched controls but not significant. Athletic amenorrheic gymnasts(n=12) have the menstrual irregularity(n=10) and amenorrhea(n=2). A number of variables as such nutritional deficiency in diet, negative energy blasnce and hypogonadotropic hormonal status were included. The bone mineral density (BMD) of female gymnasts were significantly higher than controls for the lumbar neck(p<0.001), trochanter(p<0.01), and Ward's triangle(p<0.001), but there were no significant differences for the lumbar spine and forearm. The lumbar spine BMD had a positive correlation with age and lean body weight. The femoral neck BMD was significantly associated with age, group and lean body mass. The trochanter BMD had significant relationship with group, body mass index, energy expenditure and follicular stimulating hormone. Ward's triangle BMD were related to body mass index and follicular stimulating hormone. The significant association was deterced between forearm BMD and age and lean body weight. The major finding of this investigation is that the BMD of gymnasts were higher than age-matched controls despite the fact that gymnasts as a group had inadequate dietary calcium and a higher propensity to have an interruption of their menstrual cycle. These data indicate that grymnsts involved in sports producing significant impact loading on the skeleton had greater femoral neck, trochanter and Ward's triangle bone density than age-matched controls.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.418-424
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• 2006

This experiment was conducted to explore the efficacy of lacquer (Rhus verniciflua) supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, carcass traits and serum biochemical values in commercial broilers. Eight hundred and forty Hubbard broiler chicks (1d old) were randomly distributed and allotted to four dietary treatments for five weeks. Each treatment had 5 replicates with 42 birds each. The dietary treatments were (1) control (2) 1% lacquer, (3) 2% lacquer and 4) 4% lacquer supplied as meal in the diet. Supplementation with lacquer improved weight gain (p = 0.0960) showing a linear trend during the starter phase (0-3 wk), but weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio remained unaffected at the finisher phase (4-5 wk) and overall (0-5 wk). The nutrient digestibility studies conducted after 18 and 35 days of experimental feeding showed a linear (p<0.05) increase in digestibility of CP and ether extract at both measurement timess. The carcass studies were conducted on two birds per replicate (10 per treatment) at the end of both 3 and 5 wk. The dressing percentage, liver weight, heart weight, abdominal fat and the breast meat expressed as a percentage of live weight, did not differ significantly due to treatments at both phases. The serum cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) showed a linear decrease (p = 0.0683 and p = 0.0322, respectively) as the level of supplementation increased at 3 wk; at 5 wk serum cholesterol, HDL and triglyceride levels decreased significantly showing a positive linear effect of lacquer on fat metabolism. The meat color values such as lightness, redness and yellowness did not reveal any significant trend. Overall, it could be concluded that lacquer supplementation at higher levels did not affect growth performance, but had a positive impact on fat metabolism by influencing fat digestibility and reducing serum cholesterol and triglyceride.