• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
• /
• v.41 no.3
• /
• pp.91-98
• /
• 2016

Purpose: Oral lichen planus (OLP) has generated many discussions and been associated with much controversy for a long time. A reliable diagnosis of OLP has proven challenging and significant disagreements concerning its diagnosis has continued. Therefore, the aim of this study was to apprehend newly proposed diagnostic criteria of OLP and oral lichenoid lesion (OLL) and to evaluate difference of final diagnosis of OLP and OLL in accordance with type of diagnostic criteria. Also, direct immunofluorescence (DIF) was compared to evaluate the value of DIF between two groups. Methods: Fifty-two patients with DIF result were retrospectively reviewed. The selected patients were classified by the modified World Health Organization (WHO) diagnostic criteria of OLP and OLL and by criteria proposed by American Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology (AAOMP). Results of DIF in OLP and OLL were classified by deposition intensity or pattern of fibrinogen. The classification of fluorescence pattern in each specimen was graded as positive, possibly positive or negative. Results: Patients diagnosed as OLP were a few more when the modified WHO diagnostic criteria were used than when criteria proposed by AAOMP were used. There was no statistical difference of DIF between OLP and OLL by applying the WHO modification criteria or criteria proposed by AAOMP. Conclusions: The final diagnosis of OLP could be changed in accordance with type of diagnostic criteria and difference of DIF between OLP and OLL was not found.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
• /
• v.41 no.1
• /
• pp.16-20
• /
• 2016

Purpose: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is relatively common mucosal disease in clinical dentistry. OLP is intractable and regarded having malignant potential. Until now, there is some debate on how far OLP can be malignant, and which characteristics can be a risk factor for malignant transformation. Clinician need to know some differences between OLP and lesions similar to OLP to manage properly and suppose prognosis correctly. Therefore, the aim of this study was to divide clinical OLP into two groups and to compare the results of direct immunofluorescence (DIF) between two groups. Methods: This study was conducted on outpatients who visited at the department of Oral Medicine in Chonbuk National University Hospital from January 2007 to November 2015. Patients with DIF result were retrospectively reviewed. The selected patients were classified 'clinical typical of OLP' (CTO) or 'clinical compatible with OLP' (CCW) by modified World Health Organization diagnostic criteria of OLP and oral lichenoid lesion. Results: DIF were classified by deposition intensity or pattern of anti-human antibody and fibrinogen. The classification of fluorescence pattern in each specimen was graded as positive, possibly positive or negative. Conclusions: Both CTO and CCW had positive and possibly positive pattern. Prevalence of positive pattern was 68.8% in CTO and 52.6% in CCW and that of possibly positive pattern was 9.4% in CTO and 5.3% in CCW. Prevalence of negative was 21.8% in CTO and 42.1% in CCW.

• The Journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.117-123
• /
• 1987

Previous studies have been performed for the sero-identification of selected species of Bacteroides by immunofluorescence antibody techniques and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using species-specific rabbit antisera to B. gingivalis, B. intermedius, and B. melaninogenicus. However, these studies have not commented on the serological cross-reactivity between these 3 species of black- pigmented Bacteroides. For the cross-reactivity study, antisera to B. gingivalis ATCC 33277, B. intermedius ATC C25261 and B. asaccharolyticus ATCC 25260 were raised from rabbits. Preliminary study for observing the cross-reactivity between these species was performed by indirect immunoflourescence technique. Immunoabsorption of the antisera was done with bacterial cells from the other species and the species-specificity of the antisera was conformed by the absence of reactivity with bacterial strains from the other species by indirect immunofluorescence technique and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Three representative unabsorbed antisera cross-reacted strongly with cells from the other species. Especially, anti-B. asaccharolyticus ATCC 25260 antiserum showed a strong cross-reactivity with B. gingivalis ATCC33277. After immunoabsorption of 3 representative antisera with the other species, the cross-reactivity was found only between B. gingivalis ATCC 33277 and B. asaccharolyticus ATCC 25260. Further study would be necessary to clarify the cross-reactivity between important oral black-pigmented Bacteroides from subgingival plaque or bacterial colonies for rapid identification.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• v.26 no.5
• /
• pp.358-366
• /
• 2003

Some N-p-substituted phenyl uracil-5-sulphonamide derivatives have been synthesized to be evaluated as molluscicides against Biomphalaria alexandrina snails, the intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni. Schistosoma mansoni infected mice were treated with hemolymph obtained from pre-treated Biomphalaria alexandrina snails with the products 4a, 10a, 10b and 4b or obtained from non-treated snails. The selection of the concentration based on the predetermined dose which caused mortality of less than 50% of snails/24 h. $LC_{50}$ of compounds 4a, 10a, 10b and 4b was 50, 100, 200 and 50 ppm respectively. The result showed that immuno-stimulatory effect of treated hemolymph with compounds 4a, 10a and 4b was related to significant protective effects (44.4, 34.6 and 50.4% reduction in worm burden respectively). In addition, mean total worm burdens were significantly reduced in non treated hemolymph by 33.8%. The effect of hemolymph obtained from treated or non treated snails on S. mansoni adult worms antigens was studied by indirect immunofluorescence technique using chronic mouse sera (CMS). The results indicated that there was a strong reaction with epitopes in gut epithelium, tubercles, teigument and subtegumental musculature of untreated and treated S. mansoni adult worms antigens. Therefore, treatment of hemolymph obtained from pre-treated snails with compounds 4a, 10a, and 4b can stimulate specific immune response and induce protective effects against S. mansoni infection.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• v.47 no.4
• /
• pp.353-357
• /
• 2009

Cryptosporidium can cause gastrointestinal diseases worldwide, consequently posing public health problems and economic burden. Effective techniques for detecting contaminated oocysts in water are important to prevent and control the contamination. Immunomagnetic separation (IMS) method has been widely employed recently due to its efficiency, but, it is costly. Sucrose floatation technique is generally used for separating organisms by using their different specific gravity. It is effective and cheap but time consuming as well as requiring highly skilled personnel. Water turbidity and parasite load in water sample are additional factors affecting to the recovery rate of those 2 methods. We compared the efficiency of IMS and sucrose floatation methods to recover the spiked Cryptosporidium oocysts in various turbidity water samples. Cryptosporidium oocysts concentration at 1, $10^1$, $10^2$, and $10^3$ per $10{\mu}l$ were spiked into 3 sets of 10 ml-water turbidity (5, 50, and 500 NTU). The recovery rate of the 2 methods was not different. Oocyst load at the concentration < $10^2$ per 10 ml yielded unreliable results. Water turbidity at 500 NTU decreased the recovery rate of both techniques. The combination of sucrose floatation and immunofluorescense assay techniques (SF-FA) showed higher recovery rate than IMS and immunofluorescense assay (IMS-FA). We used this SF-FA to detect Cryptosporidium and Giardia from the river water samples and found 9 and 19 out of 30 (30% and 63.3%) positive, respectively. Our results favored sucrose floatation technique enhanced with immunofluorescense assay for detecting contaminated protozoa in water samples in general laboratories and in the real practical setting.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.35 no.2
• /
• pp.317-326
• /
• 1995

The purpose of this study was to establish a method for in vitro culture of C parvum isolated in Korea by determination of suitable cell model to complete development of this parasite. The result obtained were summerized as follows: 1. To determine the most suitable cell line, six types of cell line were examined by microscopy. All cell lines were infected with C parvum and showed the highest infection score in HmLu cells. 2. The staining methods including DMSO-modified acid-fast(A-F) stain, hematoxylin-eosin(H & E) stain and immunofluorescence antibody(IFA) stain were applied to examine the infection of C parvum in cell culture. These staining methods were possible to examine the infection of C parvum in cell culture. The most sensitive one was IFA staining technique. 3. Developmental stages of C parvum in HmLu cell were observed. After the initial 8 hour incubation period, some trophozoites were observed. The meronts and gametes were appeared at 24-48 hour post inoculation(PI), and oocysts were observed firstly at 48-72 hour PI. 4. In H & E stain, the parasite appeared as basophilic within parasitophorous vacuole membrane(PVM) and lying in cytoplasm at near the nucleus of the host cells. It was able to distinguish the type I, type II meronts and gametes. 5. In DMSO-modified acid-fast stain, specific stained parasites were appeared firstly after 48 hour PI. The parasites were showed with different degrees of staining bright red color within PVM. 6. The endogenous stages of parasites in HmLu cell recovered at 48, 96, 120 and 144 hour after inoculation were reacted with rabbit immunized serum in immunofluorescence antibody and avidin-biotin complex peroxidase staining technique.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• v.55 no.3
• /
• pp.131-135
• /
• 2014

Objective : With the growing interests of bacteria as a targeting vector for cancer treatment, diverse genetically engineered Salmonella has been reported to be capable of targeting primary or metastatic tumor regions after intravenous injection into mouse tumor models. The purpose of this study was to investigate the capability of the genetically engineered Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium) to access the glioma xenograft, which was monitored in mouse brain tumor models using optical bioluminescence imaging technique. Methods : U87 malignant glioma cells (U87-MG) stably transfected with firefly luciferase (Fluc) were implanted into BALB/cAnN nude mice by stereotactic injection into the striatum. After tumor formation, attenuated S. typhimurium expressing bacterial luciferase (Lux) was injected into the tail vein. Bioluminescence signals from transfected cells or bacteria were monitored using a cooled charge-coupled device camera to identify the tumor location or to trace the bacterial migration. Immunofluorescence staining was also performed in frozen sections of mouse glioma xenograft. Results : The injected S. typhimurium exclusively localized in the glioma xenograft region of U87-MG-bearing mouse. Immunofluorescence staining also demonstrated the accumulation of S. typhimurium in the brain tumors. Conclusion : The present study demonstrated that S. typhimurium can target glioma xenograft, and may provide a potentially therapeutic probe for glioma.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.259-267
• /
• 1987

Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) cause an acute diarrhea (white scour) in both animals and humans. The disease process initially involves the adherence and colonization of the mucosal surface of the small intestine, followed by the elaboration of a heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) and/or heat-stable enterotoxin (ST). Intestinal adherence or colonization by ETEC is generally mediated by a specific surface-associated pilus (fimbrial) antigen that endows the bacteria with the capacity to adhere to epitherial cell surface. Fourteen monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) directed against pili antigens of ETEC were obtained by cell fusion/hybridoma technique. They were characterized by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), and divided into four groups: specific to K99 antigen (group 1), cross-reactive with K99 and F41 antigens (group 2), specific to K88 antigen (group 3) and specific to 987P and K88 antigens (group 4), respectively. These MAbs demonstrated the distinct pili (K) antigens on the surface of ETEC by IFA, and could be utilized as diagnostic reagent for the identification of ETEC. When eighty-seven field isolates of E. coli from piglet with diarrhea were tested by group 3 MAb, fourty-two strains (48.3%) has K88 pilus antigen suggesting that this is one of the major pilus antigen of ETEC present in fifeld.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.461-475
• /
• 1995

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of alcohol and stress on liver and buccal mucosa in guinea pig by immunological methods. Especially, Cytochrome P450 (CYP) which in oxidase during alcohol metabolism and bioactivator to carcinogen was used as an indicator in this study. 48 guinea pigs were used in this study. The experimental guinea pig were divided into three groups: The first was a group with giving alcohol-15%(v/v) ethyl alcohol, the second group was a with giving stress in the $0^{\circ}C$ water and the third was a control group. Every 4 guinea pigs of each group were sacrificed weekly-first, second, third, fourth week after experiment and extracted liver tissues and buccal mucosa. The liver tissues were observed by using immunoblotting technique (Western blot) and buccal mucosa were observed by immunofluorescence technique. The results were as follows: 1. By the alcohol and stress, Cytochrome P450 was amplified positive in the liver tissues at third week. 2. By the alcohol and stress, Cytochrome P450 was not detected in the buccal mucosa at any period.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• v.56 no.1
• /
• pp.71-74
• /
• 2018

Soluble antigens from an axenic culture of Entamoeba histolytica were used to develop a commercial ELISA kit to quantify anti-E. histolytica antibodies in sera of patients with extraintestinal amebiasis in non-endemic settings. The diagnostic specificity and sensitivity of the test were assessed retrospectively using 131 human serum samples with amoebic serologic status available. They were selected according to their results in immunofluorescence (IFAT) and were separated in 2 sample categories: 64 sera with positive results by IFAT and 67 with negative results by IFAT. The sensitivity and specificity of the ELISA kit were assessed at 95.0% and 94.0% compared to the IFAT. The test can be useful to exclude a potential diagnosis of amebiasis and could be used as a screening method since ELISA is an automated technique.