• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.34-40
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• 2001

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in detecting rotaviral gastroenteritis in children comparing with that of commercial immunoassays. Methods: Stools from 79 children admitted Korea University Hospital due to diarrhea were collected from December 1999 to February 2000. Immunoassays were done using commercial rotavirus Latex kit and Rotatec (ELISA) kit. RT-PCR was performed to amplify group A rotavirus, most commonly pathogenic to human, using VP4- and VP7-specific primers. The detection rates of immunoassays and RT-PCR were compared. Results: ELISA assay was superior to LA assay and moderately concordant with RT-PCR in detecting rotaviral gastroenteritis. Conclusion: Although RT-PCR is known very sensitive, it does not have significant advantage over immunoassay in detecting rotaviral gastroenteritis.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.61-69
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• 1984

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.122-128
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• 2009

Cancer serum biomarkers have advanced our ability to more accurately predict tumor classification, prognostic/metastatic potential, and response potential to novel chemotherapies. Serum amyloid A (SAA) and Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) have potential utility as a serum biomarker for lung cancer. Quantum dots, nanometer-sized crystals, have a high quantum yield, sensitivity, and pronounced photostability. The properties of quantum dots can be efficiently applied to the detection of serum biomarkers in immunoassays as fluorescent probe. We used quantum dots as fluorescent probes in immunoassays and attempted to detect serum amyloid A and vascular endothelial growth factor as serum biomarkers of lung cancer. This fluorescence immunoassay based on the properties of quantum dots is applicable to the detection of serum biomarkers for lung cancer. The fluorescence immunoassay with quantum dots should allow the efficient and specific detection of serum amyloid A (SAA) for the possible diagnosis of lung cancer.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1996.04a
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• pp.281-281
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• 1996

The immunoassay method is frequently used for the identification and quantitation of ultratrace amount of bioactive substances. Homogeneous liposome immunoassays, which can avoid the use of radioisotopes and separation steps, have recently been reported in many publications. Cytolysin-mediated liposome immunoassay using melittin ever been studied but showed limited applications. Here, we designed a homogeneous liposome immunoassay using Clostridium perfringens phospholipase C (PLC), an enzyme which catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine in biological membranes, as a cytolysin.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.43-54
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• 2013

Over the past 40 years, flow cytometry has emerged as a leading, application-rich technology that supports high-resolution characterization of individual cells which function in complex cellular networks such as the immune system. This brief overview highlights advances in multiparameter flow cytometric technologies and reagent applications for characterization and functional analysis of cells modulating the immune network. These advances significantly support highthroughput and high-content analyses and enable an integrated understanding of the cellular and molecular interactions that underlie complex biological systems.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.127-131
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• 2004

A low-cost, simple strip reader system using a linear movement mechanism of CD-ROM deck has been developed to characterize a lateral flow membrane-based immunochromatographic assay. The test strip reader was assembled by a CD-ROM deck and home-made optical head especially designed for immunoassays. The optical head for detecting reflected light from the test strip surface consists of green light-emitting diode, large area silicon photodiode, and anodized aluminum mounting block providing a slit structure for cutting light from the LED. The stepping motor of the deck was operated in the full step mode, whose distance of each reading point is about 0.15mm. The performance of the strip reader was tested by analysis of HBV(hepatitis B virus) antigen test kit. This strip reader can be useful for inexpensive, disposable, and membrane-based assays that provide visual evidence of the presence of an analyte in a liquid sample.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.547-552
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• 2008

The detection of carbamate (carbofuran, carbaryl, benfracarb, thiodicarb, and methomil) and organophosphate (diazinon, cadusafos, ethoprofos, parathion-methyl, and chlorpyrifos) pesticide residues with very low detection limits was carried out using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based equipment. The capacity to develop a portable SPR biosensor for food safety was also investigated. The applied ligand for the immunoassays was polyclonal goat anti-rabbit immunoglobulin (IgG) peroxidase conjugate. Concentration tests using direct binding assays showed the possibility of quantitative analysis. For ligand fishing to find a proper antibody to respond to each pesticide, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) were tested. The reproducibility and precision of SPR measurements were evaluated. With this approach, the limit of detection for pesticide residues was 1 ng/mL and analysis took less than 11 min. Thus, it was demonstrated that detecting multi-class pesticide residues using SPR and IgG antibodies provides enough sensitivity and speed for use in portable SPR biosensors.

• BMB Reports
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.313-318
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• 2015

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are zinc-dependent endopeptidases that degrade the extracellular matrix (ECM) and regulate the extracellular microenvironment. Despite the significant role that MMP activity plays in cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions, migration, and differentiation, analyses of MMPs in vitro and in vivo have relied upon their abundance using conventional immunoassays, rather than their enzymatic activities. To resolve this issue, diverse nanoprobes have emerged and proven useful as effective activity-based detection tools. Here, we review the recent advances in luminescent nanoprobes and their applications in in vitro diagnosis and in vivo imaging of MMP activity. Nanoprobes with the purpose of sensing MMP activity consist of recognition and detection units, which include MMP-specific substrates and luminescent (fluorescent or bioluminescent) nanoparticles, respectively. With further research into improvement of the optical performance, it is anticipated that luminescent nanoprobes will have great potential for the study of the functional roles of proteases in cancer biology and nanomedicine. [BMB Reports 2015; 48(6): 313-318]

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.201-215
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• 1994

Recent development in the immunochemical technique has resulted in a new ultrasensitive analytical method known as liposome immunoassay (LIA). Liposome is a key element in performing liposome immunoassays, specifically designed to participate in immune reactions. A variety of markers can be encapsulated in liposomes and used as quantitative indicators of reactions. Liposome immunoassay based on agglutination, complement-mediated Iysis, cytolysin-mediated Iysis, detergent-mediated Iysis or destabilization of the liposomal membrane have been reviewed. The quantity of markers released from liposomes should be proportional to the concentration of the analytes. Therefore, liposomal agglutination and Iysis which are essential to liposomal Iysis are critically reviewed to provide a better understanding of liposome immunoassay. Based on the literature review of recent advances in liposome immunoassay for bioactive substances, this assay method may provide a convenient, specific and highly sensitive method for detecting and measuring trace amount of clinically relevant substances in the future.

• BMB Reports
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.189-196
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• 2006

Alterations in the amino acid structure or sequence can generate neo-epitopes from self-proteins causing autoaggressive immune attack. Reactive nitrogen species are an important factor that induces post-translational modification of proteins by cellular reduction and oxidation mechanism; cysteinyl-nitrosylation or tyrosine nitration leading to potentially pathogenic pathways. It was thought of interest to investigate the immunogenicity of nitrated poly L-tyrosine vis-$\`{a}$-vis its possible role in the induction of antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Commercially available poly L-tyrosine was exposed to nitrating species and the damage was monitored by UV spectroscopy and alkaline gel electrophoresis. The results indicated the formation of 3-nitrotyrosine. Nitrated poly L-tyrosine induced higher titre antibodies as compared to the native form. Nitrated poly L-tyrosine was recognized by the autoantibodies present in the sera of patients suffering from SLE by enzyme immunoassays and band shift assay. The possible role of nitrated self-proteins has been discussed in the production of circulating anti-DNA antibodies in SLE.