• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.23-31
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• 2016

This study aims to develop a stereoscopic image authoring tool to effectively produce e-Book content that enhances user's sense of immersion in 3D environments. The proposed authoring tool consists of three core systems; 3D object editing, stereoscopic image, and image media production systems. First, the object editing system arranges and produces diverse objects that constitute virtual 3D spaces to fit the purpose of the content. In this case, commercial graphic authoring tools are utilized to design efficient data structures that can include produced external models. In addition, the material and textures of objects are made to be revisable and editable into the form wanted by the user. Thereafter, a stereoscopic image system will be implemented to produce the generated virtual scenes into stereoscopic images. This study uses the Anaglyph method so that the user can implement and use stereoscopic image scenes more easily. This method include functions to change the color of stereo cameras and control depth scaling. Finally, an image media production system will be implemented that will enable producing the produced stereoscopic images into single images or videos so that they can be effectively utilized in e-Book content.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.124-128
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• 2012

When ginseng seedlings are cultured in paddy fields, quality degradation and yield reduction are induced by severe plant loss with chlorosis on leaves occurred physiological disorder by excessive salt and poor drainage, rusty-root occurrence, and root rot etc. Accordingly, in order to solve these problems, this study was performed to investigate the treatment method, concentrations and time of activated ion calcium as environment-friendly agricultural materials. Activated ion calcium is an enriched and purified water-soluble mineral calcium component for absorbing quickly into plant as a highly functional calcium and it is an alkaline calcium of 37% (370 $m{\ell}$/1 ${\ell}$) concentration with pH 13. Treatment method was that ginseng seeds were sown after removing water in the shade after seed immersion for 1 minute with active ion calcium of 20-fold diluted solution, and then irrigated $4{\ell}$ per 3.3 $m^2$ with 200-fold, 400-fold, and 600-fold diluted solution before emergence on late March, and supplied 1 time on leaves with 500-fold diluted solution in June and July respectively. The disease rate by treatment of activated ion calcium was that on the treatment of soil irrigated with 200-fold diluted solution compared to non-treated soil, damping-off was 33%, anthracnose was 100% reduced and the occurrence rate of rusty-root was 30% reduced. In addition, when active ion calcium of 200-fold diluted solution were soil irrigated, first and second grade ginseng were respectively 26% and 22% produced more, compared with control.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.199-205
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• 2008

In this study, we fabricated poly (lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) scaffold modified with small intestinal submucosa (SIS) as a drug delivery matrix of bioactive molecules. SIS derived from the submucosa layer of porcine intestine has been widely used as biomaterial because of low immune response. PLGA scaffold was prepared by the method of solvent casting/salt leaching. Novel composite scaffolds of SIS/PLGA were manufactured by simple immersion method of PLGA scaffold in SIS solution under vacuum. SEM observation shows that PLGA and SIS/PLGA scaffolds have interconnective and open pores. Especially, SIS/PLGA scaffold showed that micro-sponge of SIS with interconnected pore structures were formed in the pores of PLGA scaffold. In order to assay release profile of proteins, we manufactured FITC conjugated BSA loaded PLGA and SIS/PLGA scaffold. And the release amount was identified by fluorescence intensity using the fluorescence spectrophotometer. The initial burst of BSA containing SIS/PLGA scaffolds was lower than that of PLGA scaffolds resulting in constant release. And release of BSA in SIS/PLGA scaffold was fast and incremental because of the increased content of BSA. In conclusion, we confirmed that penetrated SIS solution prevented the initial burst of BSA and PLGA modified with SIS scaffold is useful as protein carriers with controlled release pattern.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.377-388
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• 2011

Flat sheet microfiltration membranes were prepared with polysulfone (PSF), polyethersulfone (PES), and polyphenylsulfone (PPS) by an immersion precipitation phase inversion method. In this method, dimethyl formamide (DMF) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) were used as a solvent and a wetting polymer additive, respectively. 2-butoxyethanol (BE) was used as a nonsolvent additive catalyst to form pore. The morphology of membranes was investigated by scanning electron microscopy and micropermporometer. The permeability of the membranes was evaluated with the flux of pure water. When the BE was added, the pore size of membranes became larger than blank membranes. The changes in the morphology of membrane due to the BE addition depend on polymer structure. All membranes have similar mean pore size and porosity. The mean pore sizes of PSF, PES, and PPS membranes were 0.282, 0.330 $0.308{\mu}m$, respectively. The porosities of PSF, PES and PPS membranes were 68.5, 66.1, 66.4%, respectively. However, the PPS membrane showed higher pore density on surface and narrower pore size distribution than PSF or PES membrane does. As a result, the pure water flux of PPS membrane ($357L/m^2\;hr$) was higher than that of PSF ($196L/m^2\;hr$) or PES membrane ($214L/m^2\;hr$).

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.17 no.2 s.86
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• pp.179-189
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• 2005

Corrosion of steel due to chloride attack is a major concern in reinforced concrete structures which are located in the marine environments. In this case, Fick's 2nd law has been used for the prediction of chloride diffusion related with service life of concrete structures. However, those studies were confined mostly to the single deterioration due to chloride only, although actual environment is rather of combined type. The purpose of the present study is, therefore, to explore the influences of carbonation to chloride attack in concrete structures and to investigate the validity of Fick's law to chloride attack combined carbonation. The test results indicate that the chloride ion profiles from Fick's law using the diffusion coefficient of immersion tests is not reflected the effect of separation of chloride ions in carbonation region but valid in sound region in case of combined action. On the other hand, the chloride ion profiles from Fick's law using the diffusion coefficient of Tang and Nilsson's method coincide with test results under dry-wet condition but not under combined condition. The results of present study may Imply that the new method for the measurement of diffusion coefficient is required to predict the chloride ion profiles in case of combined action at early.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.131-139
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• 2023

In this study, we are purposed to find the educational effect of practical training using a 3D printed structure-based blind box on multidimensional radiographic image interpretation. The subjects were 83 (male: 49, female: 34) 2nd year radiological science students who participated in the digital medical imaging practice that was conducted for 3 years from 2020 to 2022. The learning method used 3D printing technology to print out the inside structure of the blind box designed by itself. After taking X-rays 3 times (x, y, z axis), the structure images in the blind box were analyzed for each small group. We made the 3D structure that was self-made with clay based on our 2D radiographic images. After taking X-rays of the 3D structure, it was compared whether it matches the structural image of the blind box. The educational effect for the practical training surveyed class faithfulness, radiographic image interpretation ability (attenuation concept, contrast concept, windowing concept, 3-dimensional reading ability), class satisfaction (interest, external recommendation, immersion) on a 5-point Likert scale as an anonymous student self-writing method. As a result, all evaluation items had high positive effects without significant differences between males and females. Practical education using blind boxes is a meaningful example of radiology education technology using 3D printing technology, and it is expected to be used as content to improve students' problem-solving skills and increase satisfaction with major subjects.

• Proceedings of the KSAR Conference
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• 2001.03a
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• pp.76-76
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• 2001

The objective of this study was to optimize the vitrification method of in vitro produced bovine embryos. Thus, in vitro produced embryos at 8 cell, morula and blastocyst stages were vitrified on electron microscope grids (EM grids) or in open pulled straws (OPS) with EG5.5 (5.5 M ethylene glycol, 1.0 M sucrose and 10% FBS in m-DPBS medium) freezing solution and their survival rates after thawing were compared. The embryos on EM grids or in OPS were briefly exposed to EG5.5 freezing solution and plunged directly into liquid nitrogen within 30 to 35 sec. Post-thawed embryos were serially diluted in 0.5, 0.25 and 0.125 M sucrose in m-DPBS, each for 1 min, and then cultured in CRI aa medium supplemented with 10% FBS. Embryonic survival rate was assessed as re-expanded and hatched rates of those embryos after warming. The rates of re-expansion embryos did not significantly different between EM grid (8 cell: 42.10%, morula: 66.66% and blastocyst: 77.08%) and OPS (8 cell: 47.36%, morula: 61.90% and blastocyst: 83.33%) methods. In addition, the hatched rates in EM grid (8 cell: 31.57%, morula: 57.14% and blastocyst: 72.91%) were similar to those in OPS (8 cell. 34.21%, morula: 50.00% and Blastocyst: 77.08%). Interestingly, even at the same blastocyst stage, the in vitro survival of day 7 embryos (EM grid: 79.48 and OPS: 87.18%) was higher than those of day 8 embryos (EM grid: 72.10 and OPS: 82.06%). The total cell number of blastocyst developed in vitro after vitrification was examined with Hoechst 33342 staining to compare the embryo quality among different treatment groups. The total cell number of blastocyst was not significantly different between vitrified groups (EM grid: 162.4$\pm$8.0 and OPS: 158.4$\pm$7.1) and unvitrified control (168.0$\pm$5.6). These results indicate that both vitrification containers can provide the high rate of embryo survival. Moreover, the OPS container may not need a cap to protect the container from floating after immersion in L$N_2$. Therefore, this study suggest that bovine embryos can be cryopreserved easily, effectively and successfully by vitrification method using EM grid or OPS with EG5.5 freezing solution. In the future, the Pregnancy rate would be investigated after transfer of our vitrified embryos into the appropriated recipients.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.27-39
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• 2023

This study aimed to develop SSTPBL (Student-led Simulation with Team and Problem-Based Learning), whichcombines TBL and PBL with a student-led method to strengthen knowledge application, nursing diagnosis ability, and collaboration ability among the core competencies of nurses. Then, SSTPBL was applied to nursing students, and the results were assessed. The data was collected from September 15, 2022, to December 21, 2022, with structured questionnaires and focus group interviews with 51 fourth-year nursing students at a university in A City. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0 and topic analysis. As a results, it was effective in simulation experience satisfaction(t = 3.51, p < .01), vSim experience satisfaction(t = 3.50, p < .01), preparation as a prospective nurse(t = 3.73, p < .01), learning self-efficacy(t = 3.87, p < .01), collaborative self-efficacy (t = 4.30, p < .01), problem-solving ability(t = 5.26, p < .01), educational satisfaction(t = 3.54, p < .01), digital health equity(t = 2.18, p < .05). Through the qualitative data's topic analysis, six main topics were derived. The main topics were 'similar to clinical practice', 'difficulty in immersion', 'learning through others', 'learning through self-reflection', 'improving confidence through new experiences' and 'new teaching methods'. Based on the results of this study, it is expected that SSTPBL can be used in various ways as a new training method for prospective nurses in the face of growing clinical practice restrictions after the pandemic.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.159-166
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• 2024

This study studied the life experiences of story grandmother activities on the meaning of a happy life and positive growth for the elderly through phenomenology. This study period was conducted with pre-interviews from March 2021, and research was conducted until July 2022. As for the research method, 9 elderly women were selected as a Colaizzi phenomenological research method suitable for the work of exploring and understanding life as it is, and the following conclusions were drawn. First, the happiness experience of the elderly provides a life that responds to positive changes, gives positive meaning, and actively discovers in a desire-ful life, a comparative life, and a adaptation and coping happy life. Second, the elderly experienced the meaning of life by experiencing the happiness of moments in the self-realized life of the upward · downward theory. Third, the growth of the elderly is a happy change in PERMAS of positive psychology, pursuing life with positive emotions, immersion, and positively related meaning and purpose of life, and growing while looking at life with achievement and strength. Since this study targets elderly women aged 65 or older who are engaged in story grandmother activities, there is a limit to generalizing the research results, so it is suggested to study the growth process of more diverse age groups and various types of volunteer activities in the future.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.61-69
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• 2024

Mixed reality(MR) technology combines the advantages of virtual reality(VR) and augmented reality(AR) technology, allowing MR users to interact with virtual objects against the background of the real world. In addition, since virtual objects interact with the real world, users can experience a higher immersion. This study proposes electric circuit practical training content using Meta Quest Pro to produce immersive MR content based on reality. To this end, first, the development process for producing MR content by linking Meta Quest Pro equipment with the Unity 3D engine is organized. Then, based on the traditional electric circuit practical training method used in elementary school science classes, virtual electric circuit practical training content with the same training method and operation process is produced based on MR. Finally, survey experiments are conducted to analyze the presence and experience of the MR-based educational environment provided using the produced content. Through this, the usability of the proposed practical training content is evaluated and future research directions are suggested.