• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2002.07c
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• pp.1618-1620
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• 2002

Transformation of molecular film occurs only usually in air-water interface, 2 dimensions domain's growth and crash are achieved. Organic matter thin film that accumulate molecular film in archaism board only that consist of growth of domain can understand correct special quality of accumulation film supplying information about fine structure and properties of matter of device observing information and so on that is surface forward player and optic enemy using AFM one of SPM application by nano electronics. The stable images are probably due to a strong interaction between the monolayer film and glass substrate. We are unable to obtain molecule resolution in images of the films but did see a marked contrast between images of the bare substrate and those with the network structure film deposited onto it. Formation that prevent when gas phase state and liquid phase state measure but Could know organic matter that molecules form equal and stable film when molecules were not distributed evenly, and accumulated in solid state only.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.134-139
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• 2016

Detailed structural and molecular imaging of intact organs has incurred academic interest because the associated technique is expected to provide innovative information for biological investigation and pathological diagnosis. The conventional methods for volume imaging include reconstruction of images obtained from serially sectioned tissues. This approach requires intense manual work which involves inevitable uncertainty and much time to assemble the whole image of a target organ. Recently, effective tissue clearing techniques including CLARITY and ACT-PRESTO have been reported that enables visualization of molecularly labeled structures within intact organs in three dimensions. The central principle of the methods is transformation of intact tissue into an optically transpicuous and macromolecule permeable state without loss of intrinsic structural integrity. The rapidly evolving protocols enable morphological analysis and molecular labeling of normal and pathological characteristics in large assembled biological systems with single-cell resolution. The deep tissue volume imaging will provide fundamental information about mutual interaction among adjacent structures such as connectivity of neural circuits; meso-connectome and clinically significant structural alterations according to pathologic mechanisms or treatment procedures.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.7-16
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• 2011

Maximalism is the code which has a power to interpret a fashion phenomenon expressed complexly and variously in the multicultural society. In the 21st century, maximalism which reappeared is not the expression by a method only. It is presenting the experimental design for the new pursuit through the mixture such as expansion, splendor, variety, decoration, distortion of configuration or transformation, and composition. Therefore, this study aims at analyzing expression of fashion design by four types(expansion, decoration, mixture, non-structure) materializing a feature of maximalism expressed in the domestic and foreign collection works from 2005 to 2010. The research results are as follows. 1. Expansion: It was showed artificial, formative, unique, and odd teatures through the expansion of the upper half of the body, the lower half of the body, and both of them. 2. Decoration: It was showed the actual decoration considering functionality and practicality and the decoration emphasizing and unique character and featuring domination and emphasis. 3. Mixture: It was showed through the mixture of the contrary textiles or the different sex image. 4. Non-structure: It showed the non-structure of the avant-garde trend and non-structure through decoration, detail, adjustment direction of a dress.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.359-367
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• 2011

A suitable pan-sharpening method has to be chosen with respect to the used spectral characteristic of the multispectral bands and the intended application. The research on pan-sharpening algorithm in improving the accuracy of image classification has been reported. For a classification, preserving the spectral information is important. Other applications such as road detection depend on a sharp and detailed display of the scene. Various criteria applied to scenes with different characteristics should be used to compare the pan-sharpening methods. The pan-sharpening methods in our research comprise rather common techniques like Brovey, IHS(Intensity Hue Saturation) transform, and PCA(Principal Component Analysis), and more complex approaches, including wavelet transformation. The extraction of matching pairs was performed through SIFT descriptor and Canny edge detector. The experiments showed that pan-sharpening techniques for spatial enhancement were effective for extracting point and linear features. As a result of the validation it clearly emphasized that a suitable pan-sharpening method has to be chosen with respect to the used spectral characteristic of the multispectral bands and the intended application. In future it is necessary to design hybrid pan-sharpening for the updating of features and land-use class of a map.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.563-570
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• 2014

This paper purposes on stimulating the dynamic behavior of a floating structure model with the image processing and the close-range photogrammetry, instead of the contact sensors. Previously, the movement of structures was presented by the exterior orientation estimation from a single camera following the space resection. The inverse resection yields to 6 orientation parameters of the floating structure, with respect to the camera coordinates system. The single camera solution of interest in applications is characterized by the restriction in terms of costs, unfavorable observation conditions, or synchronization demands when using multiple cameras. This paper discusses the theoretical determinations of camera exterior orientation by using the least squares adjustment, applied of the values from the DLT (Direct Linear Transformation) and the photogrammetric resection. This proposed method is applied to monitor motions of a floating model. The results of 6DOF (Six Degrees of Freedom) from the inverse resection were signified that applying appropriate initial values from DLT in the least square adjustment is effective in obtaining precise exterior orientation parameters. Therefore, the proposed method can be concluded as an efficient solution to simulate movements of the floating structure.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.71-78
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• 2002

A new control method far vision-based autonomous vehicle is proposed to determine navigation direction by analyzing lane information from a camera and to navigate a vehicle. In this paper, characteristic featured data points are extracted from lane images using a lane recognition algorithm. Then the vehicle is controlled using new Levenberg-Marquardt neural network algorithm. To verify the usefulness of the algorithm, another algorithm, which utilizes the geometric relation of a camera and vehicle, is introduced. The second one involves transformation from an image coordinate to a vehicle coordinate, then steering is determined from Ackermann angle. The steering scheme using Ackermann angle is heavily depends on the correct geometric data of a vehicle and a camera. Meanwhile, the proposed neural network algorithm does not need geometric relations and it depends on the driving style of human driver. The proposed method is superior than other referenced neural network algorithms such as conjugate gradient method or gradient decent one in autonomous lateral control .

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.7 no.9
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• pp.2312-2325
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• 2013

In this paper, we propose a preprocessing method that it is to correct the distortion of text area in Korean signboard images as a preprocessing step to improve character recognition. Distorted perspective in recognizing of Korean signboard text may cause of the low recognition rate. The proposed method consists of four main steps and eight sub-steps: main step consists of potential vertical components detection, vertical components detection, text-boundary estimation and distortion correction. First, potential vertical line components detection consists of four steps, including edge detection for each connected component, pixel distance normalization in the edge, dominant-point detection in the edge and removal of horizontal components. Second, vertical line components detection is composed of removal of diagonal components and extraction of vertical line components. Third, the outline estimation step is composed of the left and right boundary line detection. Finally, distortion of the text image is corrected by bilinear transformation based on the estimated outline. We compared the changes in recognition rates of OCR before and after applying the proposed algorithm. The recognition rate of the distortion corrected signboard images is 29.63% and 21.9% higher at the character and the text unit than those of the original images.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.12 no.2 s.29
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• pp.67-71
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• 2004

Increasing number and acquisition rate of satellite imagery promoted researches related with DEM generation based on satellite imagery. SPOT image gave us advantage to generate DEM which covers wide area of $60km{\times}60km$. In the case of rigorous sensor model of SPOT imagery, ephemeris data and several ground control points are need and requires arduous computational costs to produce DEM. In this study, using alternative sensor model based on Direct Linear Transform, we generated DEM using small number of ground control points. As a result, it was possible to acquire the DEM with suitable accuracy.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.77-81
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• 2008

As a continuation of a previous work by Park et al. (2006), we have developed a two-element radio interferometer that can measure both the phase and amplitude of a visibility function. Two small radio telescopes with diameters of 2.3 m are used as before, but this time an external reference oscillator is shared by the two telescopes so that the local oscillator frequencies are identical. We do not use a hardware correlator; instead we record signals from the two telescopes onto a PC and then perform software correlation. Complex visibilities are obtained toward the sun at ${\lambda}\;=\;21\;cm$, for 24 baselines with the use of the earth rotation and positional changes of one element, where the maximum baseline length projected onto UV plane is ${\sim}\;90{\lambda}$. As expected, the visibility amplitude decreases with the baseline length, while the phase is almost constant. The image obtained by the Fourier transformation of the visibility function nicely delineates the sun, which is barely resolved due to the limited baseline length. The experiment demonstrates that this system can be used as a "toy" interferometer at least for the education of (under)graduate students.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.507-516
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• 2014

We present a hybrid method for spectral reflectivity recovery, using 3D extrapolation as a supplemental method for 3D interpolation. The proposed 3D extrapolation is an extended version of 3D interpolation based on the barycentric algorithm. It is faster and more accurate than the conventional spectral-recovery techniques of principal-component analysis and nonnegative matrix transformation. Four different extrapolation techniques (based on nearest neighbors, circumcenters, in-centers, and centroids) are formulated and applied to recover spectral reflectivity. Under the standard conditions of a D65 illuminant and 1964 $10^{\circ}$ observer, all reflectivity data from 1269 Munsell color chips are successfully reconstructed. The superiority of the proposed method is demonstrated using statistical data to compare coefficients of correlation and determination. The proposed hybrid method can be applied for fast and accurate spectral reflectivity recovery in image processing.