• KSBB Journal
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• v.20 no.2 s.91
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• pp.123-128
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• 2005

We have addressed two important issues of immunosensing biochips, including the construction of antibody functionalized suface for efficient affinity reactions and the development of a signal registration strategy that converts biospecific reactions into highly quantifiable electrochemical and/or optical signals. The developed immunoassay reaction is an integrated version of enzyme-mediated immunoprecipitaion reaction, which is widely used in immunohistochemistry, and electrochemical signaling reaction. For the evaluation of analytical performance of fabricated immunosensing biochips, signaling for mouse IgG in antiserum was conducted. Applications of the developed strategy have been found for the evaluation of histology chemicals and for the signal amplification for array-type biochip analysis.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.229-236
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• 2002

Objective : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Cytochalasin B (CCB) on the cytoskeletal stability of mouse oocyte frozen by vitrification. Methods : Mouse oocytes retrieved from cycle stimulated by PMSG and hCG were treated by CCB and then vitrified in EFS-30. These oocytes were placed onto an EM grid and submerged immediately in liquid nitrogen. Thawing of the oocytes was carried out at room temperature for 5 seconds, then the EM grid was placed into 0.75 M, 0.5 M and 0.25 M sucrose at $37^{circ}C$ for 3 minutes, each. These oocytes were fixed in 4% formaldehyde for an hour and then washed in PPB for 15 minutes 3 times, then incubated in PPB containing anti-tubulin monoclonal antibody at $4^{circ}C$ overnight. And then, the oocytes were incubated with FITC-conjugated anti-mouse IgG and propidium iodide (PI) for 45 minutes. Pattern of microtubules and microfilaments of oocytes were evaluated with a confocal microscope. Results: The rate of oocytes containing normal microtubules and microfilaments was significantly decreased after vitrification. The rate of oocyte containing normal microtubules in CCB treated group was higher than those in non-treated group (53.7% vs. 48.9%), but the difference was not significant. The rate of oocyte containing normal microfilaments in CCB treated group was significantly higher than those in non-treated group (64.5% vs. 38.3%, p<0.05). Conclusion: Microfilaments stability could be improved by CCB treatment prior to vitrification. It is suggested that CCB treatment prior to vitrification improve stability of cytoskeleton and then increase success rate in IVF-ET program using vitrification and thawing oocyte.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.837-842
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• 1995

Hot red pepper(Capsicum annum L.) has been extensively used as a spicy food additive and preservative in Korea. In this study, we investigated the effect of dietary hot red pepper powder on humoral immune response in rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups and fed experimental diets containing 0, 2, 5, 10% hot red pepper powder for 27 days. All groups were immunized with sheep red blood cells. In order to measure the immune response, plaque-forming cell number, agglutination titer, and serum antibody level were measured. Tissue ascorbic acid contents were also determined by high-performance liquid chromatogrphy. There was an increased plaque-forming cell number, agglutination titer, and serum IgG level in the groups supplemented with hot red pepper powder as compared to control. Tissure ascorbic acid contents in the hot pepper powder supplemented group were higher than those of control. The results suggest that the dietary hot red pepper powder enhances humoral immune response in rats, indicating that the hot pepper contains biological response modifier.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.423-428
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• 1997

Vibrio vulnificus is a halophilic gram-negative human pathogen, which affects people with underlying liver diseases or a suppressed immune system, often leading to primary septicemia with a mortality rate of higher than 60%. In an effort to develop an oral vaccine against V. vulnificus infection, we prepared a whole cell killed vaccine of V. vulnificus on a large scale and compared the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of the vaccine administered in three formulation forms in rabbits. Since V. vulnificus O-antigen serotypes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 7 account for more than 95% of clinical isolates, we prepared cell lysates from these six serotype strains and mixed in equal amounts for a vaccine. The vaccine was administered to rabbits intramuscularly (i.m.), orally as granules or as enteric-coated granules. In rabbits, all three formulation forms elicited a high level of serum IgG antibody reactive not only to the six strains but also to other O-antigen serotypes 6, 8 and 9, indicating cross-reactivities among the strains. Immunotherapeutic efficacy of the antisera was also evaluated by a passive immunization assay, which revealed that the orally immunized antisera as well as the i.m. immunized antisera was protective against a subsequent lethal challenge of V. vulnificus. These data demonstrate that oral immunization with a V. vulnificus whole cell lysate vaccine induced a systemic immune response and suggest the feasibility of development of this vaccine preparation as an oral vaccine.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.32 no.12
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• pp.1078-1086
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• 1999

배경 :폐포내 fibronectin(FN)의 분포와 역할은 많은 연구자에 의하여 연구되어왔다. 흰주에서 폐의 분화시 FN은 태자에서 폐포의 기저막에 주로 분포되고 간엽조직에서도 관찰되면 분화가 진행되면 폐포막의 간질조직에 FN의 함량이 높아진다. 또 FN은 일반적으로 폐포대식세포(alveolar macrophage)에서 분비되고 폐에 질병이 발생하였을 때 다량의 FN이 폐포대식세포에서 분비된다고 보고되어 있다(Schoenberger 등 1984: Ozaki 등 1990; Rom 등 1987 ; Cordier 등 1990) 저자는 흰쥐의 폐포발생이 진행중인 폐포기 후반에서의 폐포막내 정상적인 FN이니 분포의 변화와폐포를 구성하는 큰 폐포세포(type II pneumocyte)에서의 FN의 분비여부를 면역조직염색법과 전자현미경을 이용하여 추적하고자하였다 실험대상 및 방법: 청정동물실에서 사육한 SPF 흰쥐(Sprague-Dawley 계)를 임신시켜 질도말법을 이용하여 태령을 정한 뒤 태아제 17일 및 20일 출생 제 1일, 2일, 3일, 5일, 및 7일의 신생흰쥐를 실험동물로 사용하였으며 대조군의 흰쥐는 체중 200ㅎ의 건강한 수컷을 사용하였다 흰쥐의 폐조직은 면역조직염색을 위해 rabbit anti rat fibronectin polyclonal antibody를 일차항체로 biotinylated goat anti rabbit IgG를 이차항체로 사용하여 폐실질세포내 FN의 분포를 LM으로 관찰하였고 한편 폐포막을 구성하는 세포 중 큰폐포세포가 FN을 분비하는 세포인지를 추적하기 위해 금과립을 첨가한 항체를 사용하여 큰 폐포세포내 FN의 분포를 EM을 이용해서 추적한 결과 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다 결과 : 제 17일 및 20일 태아시기의 폐에서의 혈관주위에 강한 FN반응이 관찰되었다 출생후 폐포막의 FN의 활성은 출생후 5일 및 7일에 최고주에 달했다. 출생직후 1-2일경에 혈관의 조직내 FN의 활성이 양성을 나타내지만 3일이후 활성이감소되었다. 폐포대식세포내 FN의 활성은 출생후 증가되었다. 폐조직내 소기관지의 FN의 활성은 출생후 완만하게 상승되었다. 큰 폐포세포는 출생 1-3일에 일정량의 FN 반응이 세포질과 미세융모내에 관찰되었다. 결론 : 이상과 같은 결과로 흰쥐의 폐포의 분화과정이 계속되는 출생후 폐에서 FN의 분비는 7일이내에 성숙흰쥐의 폐포내 반응과 비슷한 반응으르 보이며 이때 폐의 실질조직은 분화가 거의 완료되었을 것으로 사료되었고 큰 폐포세포에서도 FN이 분비되는 것으로 결론지울수 있다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.309-311
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• 2011

Seroepidemiological status of toxoplasmosis among the residents of Jeju island was surveyed and evaluated by ELISA with crude extract of Toxoplasma gondii. The sera of 2,348 residents (male 1,157 and female 1,191) were collected and checked for the IgG antibody titers, which showed 13.2% positive rate (309 sera). The positive rates were increasing gradually according to the age from 4.3% in teenage to 20.6% in seventies. The positive rates were significantly different between the sex by 16.2% for male and 10.2% for female (P<0.05). This positive rate of toxoplasmosis in Jeju island residents is regarded relatively higher than any other regions of Korea. And the high positive rate may be maintained continuously among Jeju island residents without any clear reasons until now but due to some parts peculiar socio-cultural tradition of Jeju island. Therefore, it is necessary to study further the epidemiology of toxoplasmosis of Jeju island.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.33-38
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• 2019

Trichomoniasis is a common sexually transmitted infection caused by Trichomonas vaginalis, which actually does not exist a vaccine for control or prevention. Thus, the identification of new and potent immunogens in T. vaginalis, which can contribute to the development of a vaccine against this parasite, is necessary. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the potential of a recombinant Transient Receptor Potential-like channel of T. vaginalis (TvTRPV), as a promising immunogen in BALB/c mice. First, TvTRPV was cloned and expressed as a recombinant protein in Escherichia coli BL21 cells and purified by nickel affinity. Next, BALB/c mice were immunized and the antibody levels in mice serum and cytokines from the supernatant of macrophages and from co-culture systems were evaluated. Recombinant TvTRPV triggered high levels of specific total IgG in sera from the immunized mice. Also, a statistically significant increase of cytokines: $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6, and $TNF-{\alpha}$ after stimulation with the corresponding antigens in vitro, was identified. Moreover, co-cultures using $CD4^+$ T cells from immunized mice were able to identify higher levels of IL-10 and $IFN-{\gamma}$. These results were useful to validate the immunogenicity of TvTRPV in BALB/c mice, where IL-10-$IFN-{\gamma}$-secreting cells could play a role in infection control, supporting the potential of TvTRPV as a promising target for vaccine against T. vaginalis.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.32 no.9
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• pp.1120-1125
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• 2022

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), the causative agent of Japanese encephalitis (JE), is an importantly zoonotic, vector-borne virus widely prevalent in Asia. Although JE has been well controlled in China, its prevalence remains a huge threat to the pig industry as well as human health. Herein, we report on our molecular and serological investigations of JEV among pigs from different regions in Hunan Province of China from 2019 to 2021. Collectively, 19.27% (583/3026, 95% Confidential Interval (CI) 17.86-20.68) of sampled pigs were positive for JEV IgG antibody as revealed by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the seroprevalence of JEV among pigs was significantly associated with the development stage and breeding scale (p < 0.01). Meanwhile, 10.99% (42/382, 95% CI 7.86-14.13) of tissue samples of pigs with suspected clinical symptoms of JE and 23.44% (15/64, 95% CI 13.06-33.82) of mosquito batches were JEV-positive via reverse polymerase chain reaction. In addition, the complete E gene sequences of 14 JEV strains identified in this study were amplified and sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all 14 JEV strains belonged to genotype I-b and displayed a distinct genetic relationship to the present JEV vaccine strain (SA14-14-2). In conclusion, our results revealed not only the severe prevalence of JEV in Hunan Province, but also that JEV I-b might be the predominant genotype in Hunan Province, suggesting therefore that effective measures for JE control are urgently needed.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.41-47
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• 2001

H. pylori is known to be a key pathogen of chronic gastric and duodenal ulcers. Bacterial adhesion to hosts is an essential step for bacterial infection and the inhibition of this adhesion provides a possible method for the treatment of the infection. The inhibitory effect of antibody lgY, produced from immunized hens with H. pylori antigen, was studied in vitro. The inhibition of H. pylori adhesion to AGS was as high as 90% using 0.5mg/ml of lgY, and almost 80% of the detachmentwas also achieved. The inhibitory effect of adhesion-inhibition candidates was investigated. Additives in combination with lgY increased the adhesion-inhibiting effect by about 30-50%. However, the adhesion molecules of H. pylori were varied and complex, therefore the further studies are necessary to develop an adhesion inhibitor and effective enough to be employed for the treatment of H.pylori, in vivo.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.982-991
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• 2007

The present study was done to assess the suppressive effects of Haedongpi-san(HDPS), a traditional herbal medicine, on collagen induced arthritis (CIA) in mice and to examined it's effects on immune system. Oral administration of HDPS (200 or 400 mg/Kg) significantly suppressed the progression of CIA, which extend is comparable to that of methotrexate (MTX, 30 mg/Kg), a positive control. Histological examinations reveled that HDPS inhibited infiltration of inflammatory cells into affected paw joint, and bone erosion and cartilage destruction were greatly reduced compared with control. In paw joint, the number of CD3+ cells and CD11b+/Gr-1+ cells were greatly reduced by HDPS. The levels of pathologic cytokines including TNF-a and IL-6 were significantly decreased in the serum by oral treatment with HDPS. The levels of $IFN-{\gamma}$ in the culture supernatant of splenocyte stimulated with CD3/CD28 or collagen were dramatically decreased, while those of IL-4 was increased. Rheumatoid factors including IgG, IgM and collagen specific antibody were present much lower in the serum of HDPS treated mice than control. In peripheral blood mononuclear cells of HDPS treated mice, the percentage of CD3+, CD3+/CD69+, CD4+, CD4+/CD25+ cells were significantly decreased, while CD19+ cells were slightly increased compared with control. The absolute number of CD19+, CD3+, CD3+/CD69+, CD4+/CD25+, CD49b+ cell in spleen from HDPS treated mice were significantly decreased. The absolute number of CD3+, CD3+/CD69+, CD4+, CD4+/CD25+ CD8+, CD49b+, CD3+/CD49b+ cells in draining lymph node were significantly increased compared with control. Taken together, HDPS has suppressive effects on rheumatoid arthritis by modulating immune system, and has potential to use as an therapeutic for rheumatoid arthritis.