• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.243-248
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• 1999

The present study analyzed serum IgG subclass antibody reaction to major antigenic bands of Clonorchis sinensis to investigate improvement of its serodiagnosis. Of the four subclass antibodies, IgG1 and IgG2 antibodies were produced but not specific, IgG3 antibody was least produced, and IgG4 antibody was prominent and specific. The serum IgG antibody reaction to any of 43-50, 34-37, 26-28, and 8 kDa bands was found in 65.5％ of 168 egg positive cases while IgG4 antibody reaction was found in 22.0％ of them. The positive rates of IgG and IgG4 antibodies were directly correlated with the intensity of infection. All of the sera from heavily infected cases over EPG 5,000 showed positive reaction for specific IgG and IgG4 antibodies. The specific serum IgG4 antibody disappeared within 6 months after treatment. The bands of 35 kDa and 67 kDa cross-reacted with IgG antibodies but not with IgG4 antibodies in sera of other trematode infections. The present findings suggest that serum IgG4 antibody reaction to 8 kDa band is specific but not sensitive. Any method to increase its sensitivity is required for improved serodiagnosis.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.145-150
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• 2000

Antigenic components in the crude extracts of Spirometra mansoni plerocercoid were analyzed in early experimental infections and in IgG subclass observed in clinical sparganosis. By IgG immunoblot, sera obtained serially from experimental mice, fed 5 spargana each, were reacted with the crude extracts. Protein bands at 36-26 kDa and 103 kDa showed positive reactions since two weeks after infection. In a differential immunoblot, in which a monospecific antibody against sparganum chymase at 36 kDa was pre-treated, the reactions at 36-26 kDa disappeared, indicating that the sparganum chymase and its degradation products invoked IgG antibody reactions. When 69 patients sera of human sparganosis were examined for their IgG subclass responses, IgG4 levels showed the highest reaction which was followed by IgG 1 The IgG4 antibody also reacted mainly with 36-31 kDa protease. These results indicate that 36 kDa chymase of 5. nansoni plerocercoid is the main antigenic component inducing Ige antibody response in early stage of experimental sparganosis and for specific IgG subclass reactions in human sparganosis.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.7-12
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• 1987

The indirect fluorescent antibody(IFA) test was used to detect serum IgG and IgM antibodies to Trichomonas vaginalis in 31 vaginal trichomoniasis, 7 candidiasis and in 20 non-infected healthy women with antigen prepared from axonic culture of Trichomenas vaginalis isolated from vulvovaginitis patient. The results were as follows: 1. In 31 vaginal trichomoniasis the positive reactions of IgG antibody were 27 in the 1/8 dilution or higher and :l in the 1/4 dilution whereas in healthy women the reaction showed significantly low as in the 1/4 dilution or below. 2. The sensitivity and specificity of IFA test for IgG antibody to trichomonad antigen in this study were 87.1% and 100%, respectively. 3. No significant difference of IgM antibody levels between vaginal trichomoniasis and healthy women was observed. 4. No relation between the levels of IgG and IsM antibodies to trichomonad antigen by IFA test was observed. 5. No relation between the time lapse and the level of serum IgG antibodies in IFA test of vaginal trichomoniasis was regarded. In conclusion the present study suggests that IFA test in trichomoniasis could be a useful tool for detection of anti-trichomonad IgG antibodies and applicable as an immunodiagnostic method.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.339-354
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• 1991

Localization and characterization of the antigenic components of sparganum which induced IgG and IsM antibodies in the host were studied by immunohistochemical techniques and SDS-PAGT and Western blotting. The antigen recognized by IgG antibody of rats or mice which were immunised by infection or injection of crude extracts of metacestodes of Spirometra erinacei, was located in the parenchyme of sparganum, especially at the cortex and around the calcareous corpuscles. The immunoreaction was demonstrated not only in the encysted fibrous wall of host but around the arterioles or venules in the connective tissue of host. The antigen recognized by IgM antibody of rats or mice was also observed in the parenchyme of sparganum and in the connective tissue of host. By 5∼20% gradient SDS-PAGE and EIBT, we detected antigenic components by IgG and 1gG antibodies of the rat or mouse immunized by infection or injection of crude extract of spargana. Twenty-three antigenic bands from crude extracts of spargana were recognized by IgG antibody and 15 components by IgM antibody of immunized rats. Out of the bands recognized by IgG and IgM antibodies, 15 were cross-reacted each other. Twenty components of eBlcretory-secretory proteins from spargana were recognized by IgG, and 5 components by IgM antibody of immunized rats. By IgG and IgM antibodies of immunized mice, 16 components of crude extracts were recognized by IgG antibody and 9 components by IgM antibody. Twenty components of excretory-secretory preparation were recognized by IgG antibody and 5 components by IgM antibody. Thirteen components of crude extracts were cross-reacted by IgG antibody of rats and mice.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.225-228
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• 2007

We observed the time gap between oocyst shedding and antibody responses in mice (3-week-old C57BL/6J females) infected with Cryptosporidium parvum. Oocyst shedding was verified by modified acid-fast staining. The individually collected mouse sera were assessed for C. parvum IgM and IgG antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay from 5 to 25 weeks after infection. The results showed that C. parvum oocysts were shed from day 5 to 51 post-infection (PI). The IgM antibody titers to C. parvum peaked at week 5 PI, whereas the IgG antibody titers achieved maximum levels at week 25 PI. The results revealed that IgM responses to C. parvum infection occurred during the early stage of infection and overlapped with the oocyst shedding period, whereas IgG responses occurred during the late stage and was not correlated with oocyst shedding. Hence, IgM antibody detection may prove helpful for the diagnosis of acute cryptosporidiosis, and IgG antibody detection may prove effective for the detection of past infection and endemicity.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.255-258
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• 1996

Eight 2-day-old SPF Chickens were each inoculated Orally With 3 Sing1e dose Of 5 × 105 oocysts of Cryptosporinium boilevi. and immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody responses were chronologically measured by indirect immunofluorescent antibody (IFA) assay. Anti-C. bcileyi IgG antibody levels remained high (1 : 106.67 to 1:512.00) for at least 4 months with 330 days of a detectable period. Ten days after the negative conversion, each chicken was re-challenged with 1 × 107 oocysts of the same species. Subsequent infection in 340-day-old individuals caused sudden elevated IgG antibody levels and the titer peaked on day 28 postchallenge inoculation (PCI), at 1:1.024 with a 65 days of detection period. Chickens in primary infection showed oocyst shedding profiles. but did not exhibit any oocyst shedding before or after experimental reinfection.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.117-123
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• 2011

Purpose : We investigated the change of antibody titer to measles, mumps and rubella according to age after vaccination. Methods : The IgG antibody titers to measles, mumps and rubella were tested on the residual serum from patients aged 7-20 years old after routine laboratory testing in the hospital with informed consent from the parents. Results : Antibody to measles was present in 275 cases out of 408 cases with a positive rate of 67.4%, the mean IgG titer was 2.77${\pm}$1.18 Index. Antibody to mumps was present in 112 cases out of 408 cases with a positive rate of 27.5%, the mean IgG titer was 2.08${\pm}$1.29 Index. Antibody to rubella was present in 367 cases out of 408 cases with a positive rate of 90.0%, the mean IgG titer was 60.46${\pm}$63.47 IU/mL. Conclusion : It is important to maintain a high rate of vaccination coverage in order to prevent an outbreak of measles, mumps, or rubella. It is also important to stress the maintenance of vaccination records for further reference.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.23-28
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• 2008

Objectives : Socheongryong-Tang(小靑龍湯, SCRT), a herbal remedy, has been widely used to treat respiratory disease such as cough and asthma in Oriental countries. Recent years SCRT was known as anti-allergic agent. However, its therapeutic mechanisms including immunoglobuline such as IgE, IgG1, IgG2a productions are unclear. Methods : We investigated the effects of SCRT on levels of antigen specific total antibody, IgE, IgG1, IgG2a using ELISA method in serum from allergen-induced asthma mice. Results : SCRT decreased level of antigen specific IgE significantly. And SCRT treated mice showed downward tendency of IgG1, a Th1 relative antibody, level. But, SCRT did not affect levels of antigen specific total antibody and IgG2a, a Th1 relative antibody. Conclusions : we demonstrated the strong possibility of SCRT as a complementary or alternative drug to western drug also demonstrated that regulation of Th1/Th2 imbalance may be one of mechanism contributed to treatment for respiratory disease by SCRT.

• Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.21-24
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• 2004

Antibody based biosensors are very selective and ultra-sensitive. Antigen-antibody reactions have been used in immunoassays. In this research, a biosensor which uses antigen-antibody reaction was developed to measure and detect rat IgG. Because the antigen-antibody reaction is a physical bounding between antigen and antibody, there are several ways to measure an antigen-antibody reaction. Among the methods, impedance analysis has short measuring time and possibilities of analyzing various properties of the reaction using frequency analysis. Rat IgG could be detected with developed biosensor and impedance analyzer. The biosensor showed good repeatability and availability of detecting concentration changes of rat IgG.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.274-279
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• 2014

Purpose: To evaluate whether the levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody to Tanerella forsythia are associated with periodontal status. Methods: Patients with a diagnosis of chronic periodontitis were considered candidates for the study; thus 80 chronic periodontitis patients and 28 healthy persons (control group) were invited to participate in this investigation. The presence of T. forsythia was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis using primers designed to target the respective 16S rRNA gene sequences. Peripheral blood was collected from each subject to identify the IgG1 and IgG2 serum antibodies against T. forsythia. All microbiological and immunological laboratory processes were completed blindly, without awareness of the clinical status of the study patients or of the periodontal sites tested. Results: The bivariate analysis showed that lower mean levels of clinical attachment level (CAL) and probing depth were found in the presence of the IgG1 antibody titers against whole-cell T. forsythia; however, only the difference in CAL was statistically significant. In the presence of the IgG2 antibody titers against whole-cell T. forsythia, the periodontal parameters evaluated were higher but they did not show statistical differences, except for plaque. The unadjusted linear regression model showed that the IgG1 antibody against whole-cell T. forsythia in periodontitis patients was associated with a lower mean CAL (${\beta}=-0.654$; 95% confidence interval [CI], -1.27 to -0.28; P<0.05). This statistically significant association remained after adjusting for possible confounders (${\beta}=-0.655$; 95% CI, -1.28 to -0.29; P<0.05). On the other hand, smoking was a statistically significant risk factor in the model (${\beta}=0.704$; 95% CI, 0.24 to 1.38; P<0.05). Conclusions: Significantly lower mean levels of CAL were shown in the presence of the IgG1 antibody titers against whole-cell T. forsythia in periodontitis patients. Thus, the results of this study suggest that IgG1 antibody to T. forsythia may have been a protective factor from periodontitis in this sample.