• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.505-509
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• 2001

This study was carried out to evaluate the application of food irradiation technology as a method for reducing milk allergies. Bovine $\alpha$-casein, $\beta$-casein, $textsc{k}$-casein, $\alpha$-lactalbumin(ALA), $\beta$-lactoglobulin (BLG) and serum albumin (BSA) were used as model allergens of milk proteins and the proten solution (2.0 mg/mL) with 0.01 M phosphate buffered saline (pH 7.4) was irradiated at 3, 5 and 10 kGy. Using milk-hypersensitive patients IgE (MHP-IgE), the changes of binding ability to irradiated proteins were observed by competitive indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Ci-ELISA). Affinity of MHP-IgE to milk proteins was higher in ALA and BLG than that of other proteins. Standard curve to each non-irradiated protein could be made with MHP-IgE for quantifying milk allergens. Binding abilities of MHP-IgE to the irradiated proteins, however, decreased with different slopes of the standard curves. Sensitivity of gamma irradiation was higher in ALA and BLG than of other proteins. These results indicated that irradiation technology can be used to reduce the milk hypersensitivity.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.355-357
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• 2005

This study evaluated the binding abilities of rabbit anti-ovalbumin (OVA) immunoglobulin G (IgG) and egg-allergic patient IgE on gamma-irradiated OVA during proteolysis using pepsin and trypsin. The concentrations of both the intact and the irradiated OVAs decreased during proteolysis when detected with IgG However, when detected by patient IgE the concentration of the intact OVA decreased up to 30 min after the trypsin treatment and increased thereafter. Irradiated OVA detected by patient IgE showed a lower initial concentration (0.16%) than that of the intact OVA, and this reduced concentration was maintained stably. The results indicate that irradiation, rather than enzymatic treatment, could reduce the binding of the irradiated and enzyme-treated OVA. Therefore, gamma irradiation has potential as an effective method to reduce OVA-induced allergy and may enhance the safety of egg-allergic individuals.

• 한국축산식품학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국축산식품학회 2004년도 제34차 추계 국제 학술대회
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• pp.412-415
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• 2004

본 연구는 감마선 조사를 이용한 알레르기 저감화 식품을 개발하기 위한 실용화 방법의 안전성을 검토하기 위해 실시되었다. 감마선 조사 후 가열 처리된 OVA는 전기영동상에서pepsin에 의해서 상당히 감소하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. IgG 항체를 통해 살펴본 소화성은 intact OVA보다 증가하여 가수분해되기 쉬운 형태임을 알 수 있었다. 또한 효소처리 전의 IgE-binding ability는 현저히 감소하였고 최종 효소분해까지 일정하게 낮은 농도가 유지되어 가상 소화모델 시스템 내에서의 안전성을 확인할 수 있었다. 이상의 결과에서 감마선 및 가열 처리를 단독으로 시행하는 공정보다는 감마선과 가열을 병용하는 방법이 알레르기 저감 식품을 개발에 더욱 효과적일 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.500-504
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• 2001

Gamma irradiation was applied to reduce egg allergy. Ovalbumin (OVA), an egg white protein, was used as model allergen and was gamma-irradiated at 3, 5, or 10 kGy in an aqueous state (2.0 mg/mL). The changes in allergenic and antigenic properties of OVA resulted from gamma irradiation were monitored by ELISA with serum from egg-hypersensitive patients (H-IgE), and mouse monoclonal IgG (M-IgG) or rabbit polyclonal IgG (R-IgG). The binding ability of H-IgE to irradiated OVA was dose-dependently reduced. However, IgGs from animal did better recognize 3 or 5 kGy-irradiated OVA. In the evaluation of immune reactivity using blind test, the reactivity of H-IgE rapidly decreased depending upon the irradiation dose. However, the reactivities of M-IgG and R-IgG was higher at 5 and 3 kGy-irradiated OVA than non-irradiated control. The results provide a new possibility to use irradiation process for reducing the allergenicity of egg white.

• BMB Reports
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.454-462
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• 2000

Interleukin-4(IL-4) is known to be a major cytokine regulating immunoglobulin E(IgE) response by the induction of IgE production and type II IgE receptor(IgER II: CD23) expression. Recently, however, the role of neuroendocrine factors has been implicated in modulating the IgE response. Among various neuroendocrine growth factors, we investigated the effects of the insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1) since IL-4 and IGF-1 share common intracellular signaling molecules, such as the insulin receptor substrate-1/2(IRS-1/2) to induce a specific cellular response. In the human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) cultures, IGF-1 was capable of inducing a substantial level of IgE production in a dose-dependent manner. It also noticeably upregulated the IL-4-induced or IL-4 plus anti-CD40-induced IgE production. Similarly, the IGF-1-induced IgE production was enhanced by IL-4 or anti-CD40 in an additive manner, which became saturated at high concentrations of IGF-1. Although IGF-1 alone did not induce IgER II (CD23) expression, it augmented the IL-4-induced surface CD23 expression in a manner similar to the action of anti-CD40. These results imply that IGF-1 is likely to utilize common signaling pathways with IL-4 and anti-CD40 to induce IgE and IgER II expression. In support of this notion, we observed that IGF-1 enhanced the IL-4-induced signal transducers and activators of transcription 6(STAT6) activation and independently induced $NF-{\kappa}B$ activation. Both of these bind to the IgE(C) or IgER II (CD23) promoters. Together, our data suggest that IL-4 and IGF-1 work cooperatively to activate STAT6 and $NF-{\kappa}B$. This leads to the subsequent binding of these transcription factors to the $C{\varepsilon}$ and CD23 promoters to enhance the expression of IgE and IgER II. The observed differential ability of IGF-1 on the induction of IgE vs. IgER II is discussed based on the different structure of the two promoters.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제35권8호
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• pp.990-996
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• 2006

Ci-ELISA를 이용하여 여러 가지 물리적 처리(초고압, 가압가열, 초음파 및 microwave 처리)에 의한 새우 allergen 및 allergenicity의 변화를 살펴본 결과는 다음과 같다. 초고압 처리에 의해 새우의 allergenicity는 압력이 400 MPa까지 증가함에 따라 새우 allergen과 mAb, 환자혈청과의 결합력이 감소하였으며, 특히 400 MPa로 압력 처리했을 때 mAb와 새우 allergen과의 결합력이 50% 이하로 감소하였다. 새우 allergy의 allergenicity 변화를 알아보기 위해 5, 10, 30, 60분간 초음파 처리한 결과는 5, 10, 30분간 초음파 처리 시 처리시간이 길어짐에 따라 새우 allergen과 mAb와의 결합력이 감소하였으며 특히 60분간 처리한 경우에 있어서는 결합력이 60% 이하로 감소하였다. 가압 가열 처리$(121^{\circ}C,\;1.4\;kg/cm^2)$와 microwave 처리(2,450 MHz)에 의한 새우 allergy의 allgergenicity 변화를 살펴본 결과 처리시간이 증가하여도 새우 allergen과 mAb와의 결합력이 크게 감소하지 않았다. 즉 20분간 microwave 처리 시 85% 이상의 높은 결합력을 보였으며 60분간 가압 가열처리에 의해서는 70% 이상의 결합력을 보였다.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.159-164
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• 2012

Allergic skin inflammation such as atopic dermatitis (AD) is characterized by edema and infiltration with various inflammatory cells such as mast cells, basophils, eosinophils and T cells. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is produced mainly by epidermal keratinocytes, as well as dermal fibroblasts and mast cells in the skin lesions of AD. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in fish oil can reduce inflammation in allergic patients. Fermentation has a tremendous capacity to transform chemical structures. The antiinflammatory effects of fish oil have been described in many diseases, but the beneficial effects by which fermented olive flounder oil (FOF) modulates the allergic response is poorly understood. In this study, we produced FOF and tested its ability to suppress the various allergic inflammatory responses. The ability of FOF to modulate the immune system was investigated using a mouse model of AD. The FOF-treated group showed significantly decreased immunoglobulin E (IgE) and histamine in serum. Also, the increased TSLP expression was significantly inhibited in the FOF group; the FOF-treated group was not appreciably different from the hydrocort cream treatment group. In addition, FOF treatment resulted in a smaller spleen size with reduced the thickness and length compared to the induction group. Splenocytes from mice treated with FOF produced significantly less IFN-${\gamma}$, IL-4, T-box transcription factor (T-bet) and GATA binding protein 3 (GATA3) expression compared with the induction group. These results suggest that FOF may be effective in treating the allergic symptoms of AD. 5.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.822-827
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• 2000

새우 알러지를 감소시키기 위한 방법으로써 감마선 조사기술의 이용 가능성을 평가하였다. 새우로부터 분리한 열안정성 단백질(HSP)과 병원에서 임상진단용으로 사용하는 새우 단백질 추출액을 1, 3, 5, 7, 10 kGy의 선량으로 감마선을 조사하였다. 단백질 추출액 및 HSP의 알러지성과 항원성의 변화를 mAb와 환자의 IgE를 사용한 ELISA법과 immunoblotting법으로 측정하였고, 단백질의 구조변화는 gel permeation chromatography와 SDS-PAGE로 관찰하였다. 환자의 IgE는 감마선 조사된 단백질 추출액과 HSP용액 모두에서 감마선 조사선량이 증가함에 따라 감소하였다. GPC-HPLC와 sandwich ELISA법으로 HSP를 정량하였을 때도 역시 감마선 조사선량이 증가함에 따라 감소하였다. SDS-PAGE pattern 변화에서 HSP는 감마선 조사에 의해 변화되어 더 큰 분자량으로 전환되었다. 이러한 결과는 감마선 조사가 새우 알러지 억제에 적용 할 수 있다는 가능성을 시사하였다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.633-642
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• 2002

1. ETEC F41 균주로부터 분리한 섬모항원의 분자량은 29.5 kDa으로 나타났으며, western blot을 통하여 섬모항원임을 확인하였다. 2. 분리한 섬모항원의 농도를 50 ${\mu}g$/$m\ell$, 200 ${\mu}g$/$m\ell$, 600 ${\mu}g$/$m\ell$로 조정 후 산란계에 접종하였다. 이 후 ELISA법을 이용하여 난황의 항체역가를 측정한 결과 최고치가 320,000(antigen 50${\mu}g$/$m\ell$), 450,000(antigen 200${\mu}g$/$m\ell$), 320,000(anti- gen 600${\mu}g$/$m\ell$)으로 나타났다. 3. F41난황항체와 K88, K99, 987P 섬모항원과의 교차반응을 ELISA법을 이용하여 조사해본 결과 난황항체를 30,000배 희석 시 교차반응이 없었다. 4. 실험실조건하에서 난황항체의 항원결합능력을 조사한 결과, 동결건조한 WSF을 2${\sim}$4 mg/$m\ell$ 첨가 시 균체의 농도가 $10^9$ CFU/$m\ell$에서 $10^5$ CFU/$m\ell$로 급격하게 감소하였다.