• 한국고분자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국고분자학회 2006년도 IUPAC International Symposium on Advanced Polymers for Emerging Technologies
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• pp.238-238
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• 2006

Through ultra-violet photoemission spectroscopy in-situ experiment, 0.67 eV energy barrier between 1-hexadecanethiol (HDT)-modified gold and pentacene was observed, which was 0.03 eV smaller than the energy barrier between bare gold and pentacene despite HDT modified gold had 0.8 eV lower work function than that of bare gold. This result is opposed to the idea that increasing the work function a metal decreases the energy barrier. This can be explained by two factors. One is the absence of interface dipole, which is observed in pentacene deposited on gold. The other is reduced ionization energy which can be explained through polarization energy or electronic splitting of molecular orbital with more crystalline structure observed through X-ray diffraction patterns.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2003

Buttons in general reflect the culture of the society, and their values depend on practicality, decorative feature, and symbolism. Their infinite potential enables us to attempt various original changes in formative factors such as forms, patterns, colors, materials and sizes. In addition new styles, methods, and techniques are tried to show that the decorative feature becomes stronger today than it did in the past when the function was more important. Now buttons are not only a factor of clothing but have value as composite art works reflecting the pride, idea and culture of a nation. Moreover consumers' interest in new designs increases everyday as the moderns' desire for unique individuality rises. Button designs of Korea, however, are still far behind in the aspects of materials, qualities, and methods, facilities, and scale of production. And uniform mass production prevails without the buttons of creative and artistic values made due to the lack of specialized designers. Therefore it seems necessary to carry out historial studies simultaneously with the rising interest in button designs now. Prior to developing new designs, the study will examine those of western buttons that are the origin, going through relevant literature and data to define the characteristics of each era and type. It may provide basic data for developing the backward button designs of Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.203-206
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• 2013

Statistics is the science of data. As the foundation of scientific knowledge, data refers to evidentiary facts from the nature of reality by human action, observation, or experiment. Clinicians should be aware of the conditions of good data to support the validity of clinical modalities in reading scientific articles, one of the resources to revise or update their clinical knowledge and skills. The cause-effect link between clinical modality and outcome is ascertained as pattern statistic. The uniformity of nature guarantees the recurrence of data as the basic scientific evidence. Variation statistics are examined for patterns of recurrence. This provides information on the probability of recurrence of the cause-effect phenomenon. Multiple causal factors of natural phenomenon need a counterproof of absence in terms of the control group. A pattern of relation between a causal factor and an effect becomes recognizable, and thus, should be estimated as relation statistic. The type and meaning of each relation statistic should be well-understood. A study regarding a sample from the population of wide variations require clinicians to be aware of error statistics due to random chance. Incomplete human sense, coarse measurement instrument, and preconceived idea as a hypothesis that tends to bias the research, which gives rise to the necessity of keen critical independent mind with regard to the reported data.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.77-88
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• 2007

Axiomatic Design has been developed as a general design framework during past two decades and TRIZ has been developed for a design tool over 50 years. Axiomatic design is quite excellent in that design should be decoupled. When a design matrix is established, the characteristics of the design are identified according to the coupling properties. If the design is coupled, a decoupling process should be found. However, axiomatic design does not specifically indicate how to decouple a coupled design. In this research, the coupling manner is classified into six patterns. Each pattern could be solved by an appropriate TRIZ module. A table, which matches the coupling pattern and a TRIZ module, is proposed for effective application of the two design theories. The decoupling ideas are proposed by using TRIZ modules. When the number of decoupled designs is more than one, the engineer should select the final idea. The proposed method is applied to practical cases such as a tape feeder and a beam adjuster of the laser marker.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.421-427
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• 2015

21century design is working in order to increase the accessibility, eliminating alienation hierarchy for the use of the product. Efforts to these design approach are not intended for a small number of users. It offers the advantage of a variety of design for users of a wider range. So, it was allowed to extend the value in good design for all human beings. Traditional thought is expressed in a variety of shapes by applying meaning to another re-interpretation for the form to contemporary furniture and structure and decoration. Gyeongsang have a religious solemn feeling in the typical furniture of hall space that reflects the inner distinctive tradition thought of scholar of the Chosun Dynasty. For these reasons, in the present study, based on the modeling elements of Gyeongsang, which is based on the traditional idea of our country, there is the purpose to propose a design of agreed with table in modern lifestyle. Design concept proposed in this paper, to be applied to the design of the table is placed in the living space by re-interpreting the modeling properties which can be felt in the thin form and structure and patterns as modern image.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제19권11호
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• pp.1022-1028
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• 2013

It is well knowns that based on the CSP (Common Spatial Pattern) algorithm, the linear projection of an EEG (Electroencephalography) signal can be made to spaces that optimize the discriminant between two patterns. Sharing disadvantages from linear time invariant systems, CSP suffers from the non-stationary nature of EEGs causing the performance of the classification in a BCI (Brain-Computer Interface) system to drop significantly when comparing the training data and test data. The author has suggested a simple idea based on the parallel model of CSP filters to improve the performance of BCI systems. The model was tested with a simple CSP algorithm (without any elaborate regularizing methods) and a perceptron learning algorithm as a classifier to determine the improvement of the system. The simulation showed that the parallel model could improve classification performance by over 10% compared to conventional CSP methods.

• 한국지능정보시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지능정보시스템학회 2002년도 추계정기학술대회
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• pp.445-453
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• 2002

Past and current customer behavior is the best predicator of future customer behavior. This paper introduces a procedure on personalized defection detection and prevention for an online game site. The basic idea for our defection detection and prevention is adopted from the observation that potential defectors have a tendency to take a couple of months or weeks to gradually change their behavior (i.e. trim-out their usage volume) before their eventual withdrawal. For this purpose, we suggest a SOM (Self-Organizing Map) based procedure to determine the possible states of customer behavior from past behavior data. Based on this representation of the state of behavior, potential defectors are detected by comparing their monitored trajectories of behavior states with frequent and confident trajectories of past defectors. The key feature of this study includes a defection prevention procedure which recommends the desirable behavior state for the ext period so as to lower the likelihood of defection. The defection prevention procedure can be used to design a marketing campaign on an individual basis because it provides desirable behavior patterns for the next period. The experiments demonstrate that our approach is effective for defection prevention and efficient for defection detection because it predicts potential defectors without deterioration of prediction accuracy compared to that of the MLP (Multi-Layer Perceptron) neural network.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.79-96
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• 1995

A human being as a client has been understood only through a western cultural view so far, now we put forth efforts to set up the concept which is suitable for our korean nursing situation. This paper was reviewed to discover Korean behavior pattern through the concept of the human being in Korean traditional thoughts to keep in pace with above idea and develope the stem of the nursing knowledge. Behavior pattern usually has two aspects, the one is unconscious behavior which conform to old custom and the other is conscious one which abide by a conventional rule. The former was considered through the concept of human being in Tan-kun mythodology, Divination, Tong-hak (Cheondoism) and the latter was Buddism, Confucianism, Sung-ri hak (Human nature and natural Laws), Sil-hak (The rule of Heaven philosophy). Through these traditional thoughts, we can lead Humanity, Present-oriented, Family-focused, Ranking-centered, Fatalism, Projection in Korean behavior pattern and unconscious behavior correspond to the Naturalistic human being, conscious to Societic human being as well. Even though Korean behavior patterns were changed to the times, we found that Korean natural characteristics were remained in the of unconscious-conscious behavior. This point must be considered for caring a client better than anything else in our nursing situiation.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 1998

The generally accepted idea for carbohydrate translocation in plants is an osmotic pressure flow hypothesis. According to the hypothesis, a high concentration of carbohydrate in the phloem of carbohydrate synthesis regions (source) causes a water influx into the phloem. The generated osmotic potential in the phloem is responsible for long distance carbohydrate transport through the positive hydrostatic pressure. In regions of carbohydrate utilization and storage (sink), translocated carbohydrates are continuously metabolized and compartmentalized, generating a concentration gradient between source and sinks. In this system, carbohydrates load into the phloem (phloem loading) and unload out of the phloem (phloem unloading). Phloem-mobile herbicides that are applied to plants are also translocated from the source to sinks. However, some experimental results reveal that the patterns of phloem translocation between carbohydrates and herbicides are different. The differences are due, in part, to the physico-chemical properties of herbicides and to the absence/presence of specific carrier(s) in the phloem.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.31-40
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• 1981

It is of great significance to perform a ceremony with the utmost honor in every society and the fact is that ancient Koreans executed sacrificial rites to natural scenery with primitive reilgious things from the beginning of Korean history. Minute records on the various ceremonies to the Koryeo Dynasty are found in Koryeodogyeong and it might be said that there were no standing rules and the many ceremonies were resorted to an expedient, because in the Yi Dynasty the first codified ceremonial lawbook, Kukjooryeeui was formalized and after then all the ceremonies and formalities were carried out by the referential rules of the above-mentioned Kukjooryeeui. After the imperial enthronement of Kojong, all the ceremonial goods and flags symbolizing the heaven and auspicious animals-authority and fortune-were made by Daemyeongjibyei, which are found at Changdeokgung now. There are no remarkable differences in the Yi Dynasty between the records at the beginning and the remaines at the last stage, which shows once-fixed standing rules were kept faithfully to the end. The main patterns used on flags were of imaginary animals such as dragon, indicating the wish that countless authority and fortune should be realized. This is the former part of the study on the ceremonial flags in the Yi Dynasty and I hope the detailed idea and symbolic meaning concerning the flags will be discussed later.