• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.14 no.10
• /
• pp.64-72
• /
• 2014

As the importance of interface became emphasized recently, function of icon as an element that helps operation and formative function as an aesthetic element are becoming emphasized. Specially, various research methodologies for measuring the understanding degree of users are being attempted in functional aspect, however, they are facing limitations as user evaluation method of quantitative investigation for statistical analysis became overly dependent on the consent from majority. To overcome such limitation, a methodology of measuring sensibility as aesthetic impression or individuality based on the system of emotion or system of understanding of users and designing icon based on the measurement is being attempted continuously. Therefore, this study suggested an evaluation method using reminding words and conducted an empirical study to apply results on the icon design by applying the evaluation method on icon design of printing products to measure the user sensibility and understanding level. Through this process, this study intended to research summaries on the design evaluation method which based on the evaluation of user sensibility and understanding level and to debate effective design methodologies through the process of applying these summaries on the project. The intention was to progress discussion from practical application perspectives apart from the textbook type discussion by applying a research methodology through concrete cases. This study objectified sensibility and understanding level of users in the icon design aspect, suggested a methodology that can be applied on the design, and it is expected to be used when progressing the icon and GUI design.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.135-142
• /
• 2007

Icon conveys symbolic information which they have become ubiquitous as main element of GUI. However, users often cannot intuitively understand its functional meanings. Icon has to be designed for users to easily understand functional meanings. In order to evaluate icon, the spreading activation model can be used to effectively understand the process of information retrieval. In asymmetric spreading activation model is that in the two nodes the degree of spreading activation is different according to direction. Thus, asymmetric spreading activation theory was performed evaluating the strength of association when users see visual image to associate their verbal meaning (visual image - verbal meaning pair) and users see verbal meaning to associate their visual image (verbal meaning - visual image pair). According to the direction, this study hypothesizes that the well-designed icons have symmetric relationship rather than asymmetric relationship between the two pairs. The strength of association is measured through the reaction time and the accuracy rate. In performing SAT (spreading activation test), the ten icons were selected as word processing software icons. After first SAT, newly designed icons were developed based on Korean mental model, and second SAT was conducted using them. The results showed that the accuracy rate of newly designed icon has been improved. Also there is significant difference of reaction time between current icons and newly designed icons. Well-designed icon is confirmed that the strength of association relationship arises symmetrically rather than asymmetrically between the two pairs. User centered icons could be designed by improving the strength of association between the two pairs. Asymmetric SAT evaluates the strength of the association between the visual image and the verbal meanings to contribute to the development of icon which it related to human's association structure.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.371-379
• /
• 2008

Purpose: The objective of the present study was to develop and evaluate a legal communicable diseases (LCDs) electronic system for infection control. Method: The system was developed through the procedure of analysis, design, implementation, application and evaluation, and was applied within an OCS (order communication system). Results: As indicated by the main menu, the present system is composed of an improved perception system for enhancing perception of LCDs, LCDs identification system, and improved efficiency in the report system. Detailed items included in the main menu are introduction and log-in screen, pop-up window for checking the outbreaks of LCDs, decision making icon, electronic signature icon, electronic report form, email system, etc. The total number of reports was greater after the application of the system (n=99) than before (n=80), and the adequacy of report time was statistically significantly higher after application of the system (P<0.05) Conclusion: The present system suggests a new method for LCDs report and infection control, and is expected to be adopted by other medical institutions in the future.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
• /
• 2006.05a
• /
• pp.219-225
• /
• 2006

This paper studies on the visibility of dashboard in forklift. As part of the real setting devised for this study, 1. Important evaluation by males experience in forklift driving, 2. Icon cognition experiment, 3. Gage cognition experiment, subjects were asked to estimate the important evaluation, sketched to icon and gage position on the screen. Subjective evaluations were carried out by semantic differential method, sketch method, sketch method, then analyzed by consistency test, frequency rate and T-test. I gather the results concerning the relationship between consistent answers and cognition rates of dashboard understand the conditions which create a desired instrument panel.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.71-80
• /
• 2015

Minimalism means abstinence characterized by simplicity, clarity, repetition, and exclusion while skeuomorphism means visual metaphor design characterized by retro, function, and emotion. Mobile platform interface has been developed based on those two aesthetic characteristics and user experience is evaluated using apple iOS6 and iOS7 representing skeuomorphism and minimalism respectively in this paper. Those two aesthetic designs on typography, color, and icon were tested with a sample of 35 undergraduate participants in the repeated measures design and the results showed that participants distinguished two types of aesthetic designs, and evaluated that iOS7 is superior to iOS6 on typography and identity. Comparing the levels of the three variables, aesthetic of typography, and accuracy, aesthetic and consistency of icon design were significantly differentiated and this means that although accuracy of icon design of iOS6 is superior to iOS7, iOS7 is superior in the rest of it. Overall, the participants had a positive evaluation toward iOS7.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.115-123
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this research is to develop a protocol which can quantitatively evaluate cognitive ability that is needed when elderly people use mobile phone. Since previous methods for measuring the cognitive ability of elderly people was mainly for clinical evaluation, they would not be adequate to measure cognitive ability for mobile phone development. Therefore, this study suggests cognitive areas which are necessary to use the mobile phone based on the existing evaluation tools. The cognitive areas consist of language, visuospatial ability, memory, executive function and perception. New questionnaire was developed to evaluate the individual cognitive ability for the elderly. They include 9 questions for button comprehension test, 8 for icon button comprehension test, 10 for vocabulary comprehension test, 8 for menu comprehension test, 3 for icon size test, and 2 for font size test. The protocol can be used in the field although further modification may be necessary for betterment.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.97-104
• /
• 1998

This study reviews usability of PC communication softwares with different dialogue types of user interface. Usability test was conducted to evaluate usability of 3 PC communition softwares which are currently utilized in Korea. Learnability was adopted as an index of usability evaluation, so learning time, testing time and scores were measured as dependent variables. It is suggested that softwares with mixing dialogue type(menu, icon, command) which were implemented in window systems environment were not superior to that with command dialogue type.

• Archives of design research
• /
• v.16 no.4
• /
• pp.101-110
• /
• 2003

This paper is focused on the similarity of GUI design and proposes checklists for evaluating similarity of GUI design in quantitative way and more important factors in this checklists. On the first, consideration of similarity and analysis of GUI properties are made, and from these results, the categories that affect the evaluation of similarity are extracted. The categories are consisted of 5 factors, which are concept, shape, color, relation, and multimedia. The checklists from above 5 categories are tested in 3-stage, and in this paper, 11 checklists from shape, color, and relation factor of the second stage are verified by online survey. The purpose of this survey is to find out the difference between user groups(designer, computer related, etc) and more important factors in the checklists that affect the total results of similarity. In the results of survey, the checklists have no relation with the user groups and among the checklists, external shape, composition element, and design methods have impact factors on the evaluation of similarity.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
• /
• v.21 no.4 s.54
• /
• pp.315-327
• /
• 2004

The study examined 131 icons that appeared in major Web sites for the use of children. Out of 131 icons, 66 icons were selected as core icons by calculating the number of their occurrence in the same category. The 66 icons were examined to find out whether they meet the evaluation criteria. And also 66 icons were presented to the children to find out whether they immediately recognize the meaning of each icons. Finally, the study investigated to find out the correlations between the results of evaluations by criteria and the results of the children's recognitions of meaning of each icons. As a results of the study, it presented 16 icons that were proved to be appropriate for the use of children.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
• /
• v.5 no.3
• /
• pp.107-116
• /
• 2002

In order to enhance instructional effects of multimedia contents, it is critical to emphasize the importance of interface and the affective aspects of learner characteristics in design processes. The main aim of this research was to assess the needs for evaluating icon design strategies on the basis of children's sensibilities by investigating differences between children and teachers in their sensibilities to the icons used in multimedia contents for elementary education. Some interesting findings were obtained from the research. Children had richer sensibilities to the icons presented in multimedia contents than teachers in terms of the average number of adjectives reflecting sensibilities. Among the children group, children living in urban areas showed richer sensibilities to the contents than those in rural areas. When the frequencies of the use of 5 adjectives commonly used by the two groups were compared, teachers showed positive sensibilities, but children demonstrated some negative sensibilities. Also children demonstrated richer sensibilities to certain contents than teachers. The results of the research indicated the need for evaluating icon design strategies on the basis of children's sensibilities in designing multimedia contents for children.