• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Design Studies Conference
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• 2002.05b
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• pp.94-95
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• 2002

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.139-150
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• 2006

A schematic map is a special purpose map which is generated to recognize it's objects easily and conveniently via simplifying and highlighting logical geometric information of a map. To manufacture the schematic map with road, label and icon, we must generate simplified route map and replace many geometric objects. Performing a give task, however, there are an amount of overlap areas between geometric objects whenever we process the replacement of geometry objects. Therefore we need replacing geometric objects without overlap. But this work requires much computational resources, because of the high complexity of the original geometry map. We propose the schematic map generation system whose map consists of icons and label. The proposed system has following steps: 1) eliminating kinks that are least relevant to the shape of polygonal curve using DCE(Discrete Curve Evolution) method. 2) making an evenly distributed route using CVT(Centroidal Voronoi Tessellation) and Grid snapping method. Therefore we can keep the structural information of the route map from CVT method. 3) replacing an icon and label information with collision avoidance algorithm. As a result, we can replace the vertices with a uniform distance and guarantee the available spaces for the replacement of icons and labels. We can also minimize the overlap between icons and labels and obtain more schematized map.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.53-60
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• 2010

Texts and icons are used to deliver the safety and health information on pesticide labels. This study surveyed the standards or guidelines regarding the presentation formats of texts and icons used in pesticides. Also, the text and icon formats being used in the 50 pesticide products in Korea were investigated in the aspects of size, font (texts only), color. From the guideline survey, it was found that while the guidelines for the text fonts and colors in pesticides were suggested, there was no detailed guidelines about the text size. For the icon presentation, it was regulated that the icon size for the pesticides should be larger than $7mm{\times}7mm$, and this size was equivalent to the size when the reading distance of 28 ㎝ was applied to other two guidelines. From the sample survey of the 50 pesticides, it was found that the small text size being used in the 50 pesticides was 1mm (3pt), and this size was considered to be very difficult to be read, particularly by old people. The minimum size of the texts for the toxicity of the pesticide, the very important safety information, was found to be 1.5 mm, which is considered to be very uncomfortable to be read. The size of icons were varied from 2 to 12 mm, and the total average size was 4.6 mm. The 149 icons from a total 187 icons (80%) were smaller than the icon presentation guideline ($7mm{\times}7mm$), and the reason for the small icon size might be the small area of the label of the pesticides. Thus, more detailed guidelines for the text size and more practical guidelines for the size of icons are required.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2003.04c
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• pp.600-602
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• 2003

지리정보시스템에서 사용되는 지도는 사용되는 목적과 활용 분야에 따라 다양한 종류가 있다. 본 논문은 지리정보 시스템을 위한 여러 가지 종류의 지도 중 관광안내 지도를 자동화된 방법으로 생성하는 방법에 관한 논문이다. 이를 위하여 지형도로부터 노선도와 레이블, 아이콘정보 등을 추출하고 분석하여 시각화하였으며, 시각화한 정보들을 편리하게 표현할 수 있는 알고리즘들을 연구하였다. 이때 발생하는 레이블과 아이콘의 중첩을 랜덤화된 재배치 알고리즘을 통하여 개선하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Multimedia Society Conference
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• 2003.05b
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• pp.596-599
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 아이콘과 레이블을 가진 도식화된 지도(Schematic map)를 생성차기 위한 아이콘과 레이블의 효과적인 배치 알고리즘을 제안한다. 이 알고리즘은 먼저 지리정보시스템(GIS)의 데이터베이스로부터 원시 정보를 파서로 분석한 후, 지형도 데이터에서 시각화에 필요한 부분만을 추출한 후 이들 선분에 대하여 선분 간략화 알고리즘을 적용하여 기도를 생성한다. 그리고 장식 및 정보의 표기를 목적으로 사용하는 아이콘 및 레이블 정보들의 특징을 반영하여 후보 영역을 생성한다. 마지막으로 생성된 후보영역 내에서 중첩이 발생하기 않으면서 아이콘을 설명하는데 적절한 최적화된 위치의 레이블을 배치하여 이들의 배치 값들 중 최적의 값을 얻은 후 이 최적의 위치에 아이콘과 레이블을 배치하도록 하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Cognitive Science Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.92-98
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• 2002

복잡한 기능이나 개념을 제한된 공간에 효과적으로 표현하는데 아이콘이 널리 이용된다. 이러한 아이콘 개발이 디자이너의 미적인 기준이나, 시스템에서 일률적으로 사용에 의해 결정되는 경향이 있다. 본 연구는 동일한 정보를 포함하는 아이콘이나 레이블같이 서로 다른 표상들이 그 표상 방식의 유용성 측면에서 다른 결과를 보일 수 있으며, 기능의 표상 방식이 다르면, 아이콘이나 레이블에 대한 이해가 서로 다른 인지 처리 체계를 거친다는 기본 가정에 근거를 두고 진행되었다. 구체적으로는 아이콘을 기존에 형성된 표상 방식들 가운데서 인지적 특성을 고려한 표상들로 분류한 기준을 이용하여, 실제 컴퓨터 사용자 환경에서 통용되고 있는 아이콘들을 수집, 분류하고, 각각의 표상 방식에 따른 아이콘의 유용성을 알아보고자 각 아이콘에 대응되는 레이블과의 수행을 비교하였다. 결과에 따르면, 새로운 기능을 익혀야하는 초기에는 아이콘보다 레이블과 같은 텍스트가 더욱 효과적이지만, 익숙해진 후 그 수행이 비슷해짐을 확인했다. 그러나 임의적 표상방식으로 디자인된 아이콘은 레이블보다 더 부정확하고 느린 수행을 지속적으로 나타냈고, 기능의 세 가지 표상방식에 따라서 아이콘에 대한 수행이 서로 다른 패턴을 보였다. 이는 아이콘과 같은 컴퓨터 사용자 인터페이스의 설계와 사용 단계에서, 표현하고자 하는 기능과 사용자의 인지적 속성인 표상 방식을 충분히 고려해야 한다는 것을 보여준다.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.12
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• pp.249-255
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• 2017

Recently, among smart phone functions, cameras are one of the most popular functions and have become one of the most influential functions for purchasing smartphones. However, the basic camera application of the smart phone has a complicated user environment, which is causing many difficulties for the first time user. In this study, Galaxy S7, which is the newest Galaxy S series among the most used Galaxy S series in Korea, was selected and the usability test of the camera application was limited to shooting and editing sharing functions. As a result, first, improvement of icon graphic and label of text form should be provided at the same time to increase the recognition rate and attention of the icon. Second, it is necessary to simplify the structure and provide an intuitive interface in order to facilitate access to various modes and functions. Third, it is necessary to simplify the provision of personalized customized menus or functions in the development of the camera application because it causes a high failure rate and inconvenience in the special functions which are not widely used.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.158-169
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• 2017

In the context of the number of Tablet PC users which increases rapidly, online shopping application has also been a corresponding rapid development. However, as a practical matter, the differences among the consumers' ability will affect the purchase of application for the realization of user needs. Therefore, shopping application in the GUI design to improve consumers use needs to be improved to meet the demands of different users. In view of this problem, this paper has carried on the related research on the GUI design of Tablet PC application, and fully considers the visualization image elements of information transmission, then analyzed the top five shopping application in Chinese market via three visual elements - icon, label and color. In addition, it conducted a questionnaire which based on the object of Tablet PC shopping application Chinese users. Consequently, what obtained is, based on the survey findings, the GUI design proposal which reasonable reflects the shopping application with functionality and designability. Through the research results of this paper, we can get the conclusion that the three kinds of visual GUI elements-icon, label and color- have the influence on the user's usability. In addition, this study can be expected as a reference in the shopping software GUI design.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.251-256
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• 2021

This study analyzed the most frequently used navigation cases in a desktop environment. As a result of the research, GNB induces users' search as the top element of the search structure and can place color, text, icon, and image elements. LNB could be classified in the form of a dropdown, flyout, dropline and mega menu. In this study, the navigation structure of Interpark and Interpark among open markets used by users was analyzed. G-Market's GNB has a two-tier structure with color, text, image, and icon elements, and Interpark has a three-tiered horizontal label. Interpark's GNB drew attention by placing a badge on the seasonal label, which is a temporary content section, unlike G-market. It can be seen that the LNBs of both shopping malls have flyout menus that protrude when you mouse over the category menu arranged in a vertical text form under the logo placed on the left. The flyout menu has a complex structure consisting of the layout of the mega menu. This study is meaningful in revealing user experience elements by analyzing the GNB and LNB of shopping malls these days where internet shopping is increasing.

• Journal of Smart Tourism
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.31-44
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• 2021

The emergence of the digital economy and easy accessibility to Web 2.0 tools has seen an expansion of the influencer ecosystem within the travel and tourism industry. Founded on the principles of reference groups and peer reference there is a growing trend amongst industry practitioners who are now opting to move away from many of the traditional approaches used to market their products and services and are instead taking advantage of the concept of e-word-of-mouth (eWOM). Whilst there is a growing body of academic literature addressing the notion of influencer marketing, there is little understanding of influencer marketers themselves. Consequentially, this study addresses this gap in the literature through the quantitative examination of those who promote products, services, or companies by distributing eWOM through their online digital channels and presence; otherwise known as travel influencers. A quantitative research approach involving an online survey yielded 255 responses from travel influencers. The research findings indicate that those who work in this field prefer not to be awarded the label "travel influencer," focusing instead on their specific method of influencing, such as blogging and vlogging or sharing Instagram updates. The research also demonstrates how the new influencers have a strong role in generating travel urge and desire. The research contributes to the wider body of academic literature and travel industry practitioners by establishing the general profile of influencers and their increasingly specialized role in tourism and hospitality marketing.