• 한국방송∙미디어공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방송공학회 2013년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.157-158
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• 2013

현재 MPEG에서 무료(Royalty-Free) 비디오 코덱으로 표준화 중인 IVC(Internet Video Coding)에서는 인트라 부호화를 위하여 DC 모드의 한 가지 예측 모드만 사용하고 있다. 이러한 기존의 인트라 부호화 기법은 부호화 모드를 시그널링할 필요가 없고 부호화 시간이 빠른 장점이 있지만 인트라 예측의 정확도가 많이 떨어짐에 따라 부호화 효율이 저하된다. 본 논문에서는 IVC의 인트라 부호화 성능 향상을 위하여 4 가지 예측 모드를 지원한다. 즉, 공간적 상관성을 고려하여 평활화된 참조화소 값을 사용하는 평활화된 다중모드 인트라 부호화 기법을 제안한다. 실험결과 제안된 기법은 All-Intra 부호화 구조에서 기존의 ITM 6.0 대비 7.4% 정도의 비트율 감소를 얻음을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제26권12호
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• pp.950-954
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• 1993

Two patients with chronic Budd-Chiari syndrome resulting from segmental obstruction of the inferior vena cava underwent operation. There were 1 man and 1 woman. The obstructed segment was directly visualized by a transthoracic, transdiaphragmatic, retroperitoneal approach. In these two cases, severe segmental obstruction of the inferior vena cava was observed just above the right hepatic vein. These patients underwent successful retrohepatic cavoatrial bypass with a polytetrafloroethylene [PTFE] graft [ 16mm plain and 16mm ringed graft ]. There were no operative mortality and postoperative complication. These patients have been followed up for 6months and 36months without evidence of re-obstruction. When there is a severe stricture of the IVC with hepatic veins draining freely into the obstructed segment of the IVC, a dorsal cavoatrial bypass with a PTFE graft, preferably ringed, is the method of choice.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.219-223
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• 2014

Traumatic injuries of the inferior vena cava (IVC) are the most challenging lesions in abdominal vascular injuries and are associated with a high mortality rate. Although endovascular treatment has been addressed in the management of vascular trauma, surgery is the mainstay in the treatment for IVC injury as an endovascular technique for the venous system has not been developed. We report a case of successful surgical repair of an extensive IVC laceration following a fall.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.645-652
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• 2001

본 논문은 근거리 차량간 통신(IVC)에서 첨단차량도로시스템(AVHS)의 플래툰 주행에 적합한 One-Ray Rician 채널 모델을 적용하여 간섭신호에 강한 장점을 지닌 60GHz 밑리미터파에서 패킷 오율 특성을 분석하였다. 차후에 사용자의 욕구 증대에 따른 멀티미디어 서비스를 만족시키기 위해서 Convolution 부호화 기법과 MRC 다이버시티 수신 기법을 동시에 적용하였으며 그에 따른 DS-CDMA/QPSK System의 패킷 오율 특성을 분석하였다.

• 한국발생생물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국발생생물학회 2004년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.27-27
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• 2004

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.481-482
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• 1994

Blunt cardiac trauma is typified by the injury caused by the steering wheel in automobile collision. We experienced a case of IVC rupture due to in-car TA. The operation was performed under deep hypothermia with circulatory arrest to close the ruptured site by continuous over and over suture method with 3-0 prolene.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.166-169
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• 2016

Afferent loop obstruction following gastrectomy is a rare but fatal complication. Clinical features of afferent loop obstruction are mainly gastrointestinal symptoms. A 56-year-old female underwent radical total gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy for treatment of advanced gastric cancer. After fourteen months postoperatively, she showed gradual development of edema of both legs. Computed tomography (CT) scan showed disease progression at the jejunojejunostomy site and consequent dilated afferent loop, which resulted in inferior vena cava (IVC) compression. A drainage catheter was placed percutaneously into the afferent loop through the intrahepatic duct and an IVC filter was placed at the suprarenal IVC, and self-expanding metal stents were inserted into bilateral common iliac veins. With these procedures, sympotms related with afferent loop obstruction and deep vein thrombosis were improved dramatically. The follow-up abdominal CT scan was taken 3 weeks later and revealed the completely decompressed afferent loop and improved IVC patency. Surgical treatment should be considered as the first choice for afferent loop obstruction; however, because it is more immediate and less invasive, non-surgical modalities, such as percutaneous catheter drainage or stent placement, can be effective alternatives for inoperable cases or risky patients who have severe medical comorbidities.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2010

The present study aimed to examine the effects of ${\gamma}$-linolenic acid (GLA) supplementation to in vitro culture (IVC) medium on in vitro developmental competence, freezability and morphology of in vitro matured and fertilized bovine embryos. In vitro produced (IVP) bovine zygotes were cultured in IVC medium supplemented with 0 (negative control), 15, 31, 62, 125, 250, 500 or 1,000 ppm GLA, 250 ppm linoleic acid albumin (LAA) and without any supplement as a control. Day 6 blastocysts derived from culture control were cultured in IVC medium containing either 62, 250 GLA or 250 LAA for 24 h, and at Day 7 were subjected to freezing or morphological examination by electron microscope. GLA 15 showed a tendency to have a higher cleavage rate at Day 2 (70.3%) than other groups. The hatching rate at Day 9 in LAA (38.2%) was significantly higher than the control and all treatment groups (p<0.05), while the blastocyst rate in LAA (32.4%) did not differ from those of 15 (30.5%), 31 (27.1%), and 62 GLA (33.1%) or the control (35.1%). GLA in concentrations of 125, 250, 500, and 1,000 ppm had significantly detrimental effect on the blastocyst rate compared to 15, 31 and 62 ppm GLA, LAA, and control groups (p<0.05). In contrast, the highest post-thaw survival rate (100%) was observed in the control group (p<0.01). Large lipid droplets were observed in the cytoplasm of trophoblastic cells, even in the control, but were abundant in GLA groups. Taking the results of the study into consideration, the addition of GLA to the culture medium for IVP bovine embryos at the dose of 15 ppm increased the developmental competence of zygotes and enhanced the cleavage rate up to Day 2. However, blastulation rate and post-thaw survival were not increased when GLA was added to the culture media.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.525-528
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• 2010

선천성 하대정맥의 중단은 간울혈과 간변성을 유발하며, 비장비대와 복수와 복통, 하지부종이 동반된다. 49세 여자환자가 자궁근종과 월경과다, 그리고 철결핍성빈혈로 본원 산부인과에 입원하여 수술 전 복부컴퓨터단층촬영검사 및 복부 및 흉부 대정맥조영술을 시행하여 하대정맥의 중단의 소견이 관찰되었다. 환자는 우측 후측방 개흉술을 시행하여 흉강 내로 접근하였고, 횡격막을 절개하여 후복막 접근을 이용하여 하대정맥을 박리하여 16 mm PTFE graft를 이용하여 우회수술을 시행하였다. 수술 후 graft의 꺾임 현상이 관찰되어 혈관성형술 및 스텐트 삽입을 시행받았으며, 이후 환자는 특별한 문제 없이 회복되었다. 하대정맥의 선천성 중단이 관찰되는 환자에게서는 PTFE 인조혈관을 이용한 후방 대정맥-우심방 우회수술이 적절한 선택이며, 후측방 개흉술을 통한 복막뒤공간 접근법이 적절한 시야를 제공할 수 있을 것이라 생각된다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.124-127
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• 2008

외상에 의한 하대정맥의 손상은 사망률이 매우 높으며, 1970년대 이후로 사망률의 개선이 거의 없는 실정이다. 특히 간 후부 하대정맥의 손상은 사망률이 대개 75% 이상이며, 이는 시야확보와 지혈 등의 수술적 어려움에 기인한다. 하대정맥 손상 환자의 생존은 손상의 심한 정도와 해부학적 접근가능성 등과 연관이 있다. 총상에 의한 간 후부 하대정맥 손상환자의 수술을 경험하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고한다.